Low-carbon technology innovation responding to climate change from the perspective of spatial spillover effects

China’s technological efforts to tackle climate change have lasted for many years. It is necessary to test the effect of these efforts with quantitative method. To be exact, whether and how China’s low-carbon technology innovation responds to climate change should be tested. Based on the 2004–2015 panel data of 30 provinces in China, we use the method of ESDA analyzing the spatial correlation of China’s low-carbon innovation technology. Furthermore, we use the spatial Durbin model empirically analyzing the spatial spillover effects. The results obtained are as follows: first, supply and demand of Chinese low-carbon innovation has some deviation in the spatial distribution. The low-carbon technology innovation as the supply factor shows the characteristics of expanding from the east to the west. Innovation in eastern China has always been the most active, but innovative activities in the middle and western China are gradually decreased. However, carbon emissions have the characteristics of moving westward, implying the change of technology demand different from technology supply. Second, China’s low-carbon innovation actively responds to the trend of climate change, indicating China’s technological efforts have paid off. However, the spatial spillover effects are not significant, showing that the efforts in each region of China still work for himself. Third, environmental regulation and market pull are important factors for low-carbon technology innovation. Among them, both supporting policy and inhibitory policy have significant impact on the local low-carbon technology innovation, but no significant spatial spillover effects. It shows that environmental policies in different regions are competitive and lack of demonstration effects. Economic growth and export as market pull have higher level of effect on low-carbon technology innovation for both local and adjacent areas. Some policy implications are proposed based on these results finally.     

易自燃厚煤层工作面自然发火CO预测及防治

为了有效预防遗煤自燃,深入研究自然发火初期的CO预测技术。基于回风隅角CO源的理论模型,以Gambit建立相似二维采场模型,数值模拟了采空区自燃“三带”范围,并采用现场束管监测手段对结果进行了验证。利用程序升温实验获得了不同温度段回风隅角CO的极限指标,并与现场实测值对比分析,进而预判采空区遗煤发火程度,为制定有针对性的防治措施提供理论指导。研究结果表明:CO作为低温氧化阶段预测指标对预防遗煤自燃具有重要作用。     

脱硫石膏综合利用的现状与展望

介绍了国内外脱硫石膏在农业、水泥行业、建材行业和其他方面的综合利用情况,以及脱硫石膏分解技术的研究现状,探讨了分解温度、反应气氛和催化成分等因素对脱硫石膏分解效果的影响,展望了脱硫石膏的应用前景。指出:寻找脱硫石膏综合利用的新途径、找出适合脱硫石膏还原分解的气氛及其分解规律、探索有利于脱硫石膏还原分解的条件,是我国脱硫石膏实现循环利用的必经之路。     

SBR生物技术处理竹浆造纸黑液的研究

通过循环序间歇式活性污泥法（ＳＢＲ）处理可使经酸析木质素后所得黑液中的ＢＯＤ５和ＣＯＤ显著减少,当进水中ＣＯＤ浓度为１０９０－１１７０ｍｇ／Ｌ时,ＢＯＤ５去除率为７０％－８３％,ＣＯＤ去除率为５４．５％－６３％,出水中ＢＯＤ５和ＣＯＤ的浓度分别为７６－１０１ｍｇ／Ｌ和４１９－５００ｍｇ／Ｌ,内电解与ＳＢＲ联合对黑液的处理更为有效,当进水ＣＯＤ浓度为１０４６－１１００ｍｇ／Ｌ,ＢＯＤ５和ＣＯＤ去除率     

工业发展的新模式——无废工艺

本文根据工业本身的功能从工业生产和环境关系的角度考察了自产业革命以来工业发展的三种模式。指出采用无废工艺乃是工业发展的最新模式,是谋求合理利用自然资源和有效保护环境的根本措施。介绍了无废工艺概念的形成和发展,举例论述了其实施的主要途径。     

我国建立大型焚烧装置之拙见

推行清洁生产可以在生产过程中削减污染物的产生量,但不能完全杜绝污染物的产生,减量后的污染物必须处理,其末端处理技术仍是不可缺少的重要措施。本文在介绍了瑞士巴塞尔地区危险废物大型焚烧装置后,提出了我国建立大型焚烧炉时应注意的事项及建议：结合我国国情,国家全面规划,实行污染物集中焚烧;全面进行项目的可行性研究;燃烧产生的气体、废水和废渣需进行再处理;回收热量,降低污染物焚烧处理成本。     

介绍一种垃圾焚烧处理新技术

介绍了一种处理低热值、高水分的垃圾而不需用任何辅助燃料的城市生活垃圾焚烧新技术。焚烧过程中排放的三废及产生的噪声经治理后可达标,并可实现热能回收,符合“无害化、减量化、资源化”的处理原则,一次性建设投资及运行费用较低,是处理中国城市生活垃圾的实用技术。      

硝酸盐电子受体反硝化同时除磷试验分析

经研究发现AAA SBR系统中的活性污泥可以利用硝酸盐作为电子受体进行缺氧吸磷并同时发生反硝化脱氮。试验利用“双泥”系统进一步探讨了污水生物反硝化同时除磷的可能性,结果表明 :“双泥”系统的“双重”吸磷以及内碳源反硝化除磷方式可以使生物处理出水磷酸盐浓度趋近于零,TP≤ 0 2 3mg L、NH3 N≤ 0 5mg L、TN≤ 8mg L、CODCr≤2 5mg L。     

SBR法处理工业废水中pH值对污泥膨胀的影响

主要研究了在SBR法处理啤酒废水和化工废水中pH值对污泥膨胀的影响。试验研究的结果表明,进水的pH值在 5 0～ 6 0,啤酒废水长期保持进水pH值为 5 0时,活性污泥的污泥指数SVI<10 0mL g,当pH值 5 0～ 2 5时,会引起活性污泥活性抑制和污泥上浮 (尤其是化工废水 )。进水pH值在 9 0～ 12 0时,2种废水的污泥指数略有上升,但SVI<110mL g,活性污泥皆表现出活性的抑制和污泥的解体。若进水的pH值在 3 5～ 7 0,且控制反应周期内pH值不变,则 2种废水的活性污泥上浮加剧,化工废水污泥较啤酒废水的污泥上浮程度更严重。在整个试验过程中,镜检未见过量真菌和其它丝状菌,可见用SBR法处理工业废水时,过低或过高的pH值不一定引起污泥膨胀     

对新疆某铀伴生煤矿辐射环境影响分析及污染防治探讨

通过对新疆某煤矿辐射环境影响问题的调查与分析,阐明铀伴生煤矿对周围环境存在着不同程度的放射性影响,并在调查与分析的基础上,针对调查煤矿日前存在的问题提出了一些污染防治的对策和措施,以期为今后伴生放射性煤矿的环境管理决策提供有力依据。