Seasonal variability of ambient NH3, NO, NO2 and SO2 over Delhi

We present the diurnal and seasonal variability of ambient NH3, NO, NO2 and SO2 over Delhi, India. Ambient NH3, NO and NO2 were measured continuously during winter, summer and autumn seasons using NH3- and NOx-analyzer, which operates by chemiluminescence method with a higher estimation e ciency (> 90%) than the chemical trap method (reproducibility 4.7%). Prominent diurnal, day-to-day and seasonal variations of ambient mixing ratio of NH3, NO, NO2 and SO2 were observed during the study period. Seasonal variation with higher mixing ratio in winter was observed for all measured trace gases except NO. Day-night variation of all measured trace gases observed was higher in winter in comparison with summer. Late morning increase in NO2 mixing ratio might be attributed to conversion of NO to NO2 with the interaction of O3.     

SO2吸入对大鼠海马组织炎性因子水平、钙稳态和即早基因表达的影响

采用动式熏气法研究了不同浓度SO2(7、14、28和56 mg·m-3)吸入对大鼠海马组织炎性因子白介素-1β(Interleukin-1β,Ⅱ-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor Necrosis Factor-a,TNF-a)水平、神经元胞内游离Ca2 浓度以及即早基因c-fos和e-jun mRNA表达的影响,结果表明:SO,可造成海马组织Ⅱ-1β(p<0.01)和TNF-α(p<0.05)水平显著增高,但低浓度下(7、14 mg·m-3)作用较为明显;so2可显著增加神经元胞内钙离子浓度,上调c-fos和c-jun mRNA的表达,且呈现出明显的剂量-效应关系.这一结果从整体水平上说明了SO2对中枢神经系统的损伤效应,并提示其可能的分子机制与炎性反应、钙离子稳态及即早基因表达相关.     

电力行业二氧化硫总量控制的实施机制研究

电力工业的快速发展和以火电为主的电源结构决定了电力行业对我国大气环境质量产生重要影响。为推动电力行业的可持续发展,保证电力二氧化硫总量控制目标的如期落实,文章从整体上设计了我国电力行业二氧化硫总量控制的框架体系,指出当前我国环境总量管理机制存在的主要薄弱环节,重点从经济政策和监督保障机制方面提出了具体的完善方法和解决措施,为电力行业的二氧化硫总量管理提供技术支持。     

燃油锅炉运行与监测的分析与探讨

近年来燃油锅炉的数量在不断增加,由此引出一系列的监测问题。在实际操作基础上,结合燃油锅炉的运行与现场监测,提出了一些观点和建议。     

Simultaneous removal of NO and SO2 from dry gas stream using non-thermal plasma

In order to investigate the feasibility of sequential removal NO and SO_2 using non-thermal plasma and adsorbent simultaneously,the removal of NO and SO_2 from dry gas stream(NO/SO_2/N_2/O_2)with very little O_2 using non-thermal plasma was investigated using a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge.Comparative experiments were carried out in the dry gas stream with and without Ar respectively at O_2 concentration of 0.1%.The results showed that NO could be removed remarkably and it would be enhanced in the presence of Ar in the dry gas stream.It seems that SO_2 could not be removed unless there is Ar in the dry gas stream.The mechanism of removal of NO and SO_2 in the dry gas stream was discussed.     

国家生态工业示范园区与ISO14000国家示范区的评价标准比较研究

国家生态工业示范园区和ISO14000国家示范区,是国家环保部推行的两种示范园区,这两种示范园区的有效推行,在提升经济发展和生态环境保护的协调性方面具有重要意义。从示范园区申报和评价标准两个角度,首次对两种示范园区的异同进行讨论,在此基础上提出,在生态工业示范园区的建设过程中,融入ISO14000的管理机制、环境因素等,可以更好地促进生态工业园区的建设发展。     

李沧区“十一五”期间SO2污染现状分析及对策

以"十一五"期间李沧区环境空气质量自动监测中SO2的监测数据为依据,分析了五年间SO2浓度的月、季节和年际变化特征,并采用Daniel趋势检验法对SO2浓度变化进行了趋势分析。结果表明,"十一五"期间李沧区SO2年均浓度呈下降趋势,月际变化呈明显的季节特征,冬季污染较严重,夏季污染较轻。通过对产生现状的原因进行深入分析,最后提出相应的防治对策,为改善环境空气质量提供科学依据,为管理部门决策提供技术支持。     

以TiO2为载体的锰铈系低温SCR脱硝催化剂抗硫抗水性能研究进展

开发具有低温、高活性、高抗硫抗水性的NH₃-SCR脱硝催化剂成为目前广大学者的主要研究方向。锰铈催化剂因为其优异的低温活性而具有广阔的应用前景,但反应气氛中的SO₂和H₂O会使催化剂中毒。本文分析了以TiO₂为载体的锰铈基催化剂在低温氨选择性催化还原过程中SO₂和H₂O的中毒机理,重点从添加助剂和改变催化剂形貌两方面介绍了提高锰铈催化剂抗硫抗水性的研究进展。最后针对目前锰铈催化剂存在的问题对其研究方向进行了展望。     

Deciphering the effect of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate on up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket treatment of synthetic sulfate-containing wastewater

• UASB reactor can work efficiently with high COD/SO₄^2- ratios when SDBS exists. • Outcome of the competition between SRB and MPA was affected by SDBS. • Presence of SDBS makes methanogens with H₂/CO₂ as a substrate dominant. • Microbial diversity decreases in the presence of SDBS. In this study, the effects of organic sulfur on anaerobic biological processes were investigated by operating two up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) as a representative of organic sulfur. The results indicated that the specific methanogenic activity (SMA) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of R2 (with SDBS added) were higher than those of R1 (without SDBS) when the COD/SO₄²⁻ ratio was above 5.0. However, when the COD/SO₄²⁻ ratio was lower than 5.0, the sulfate reduction efficiency of R2 was higher than that of R1. These results and the observed SDBS transformation efficiency in anaerobic reactors indicate that low concentrations of SDBS accelerate methane production and the continuous accumulation of SDBS does not weaken the reduction of sulfate. Similarly, the calculated electron flux for a COD/SO₄²⁻ ratio of 1.0 indicates that the utilization intensity of electrons by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in R2 was 36.48% higher than that of SRB in R1 and exceeded that of methane-producing archaea (MPA) under identical working conditions. Moreover, the addition of SDBS in R2 made sulfidogenesis the dominant reaction at low COD/SO₄²⁻, and Methanobacterium and Methanobrevibacter with H₂/CO₂ as the substrate and Desulfomicrobium were the dominant MPA and SRB, respectively. However, methanogenesis was still the dominant reaction in R1, and Methanosaeta with acetic acid as the substrate and Desulfovibrio were the dominant MPA and SRB, respectively.     

强化混凝与超滤组合工艺净化湘江水——采用不同混凝剂的比较

采用强化混凝-超滤组合工艺对湘江水进行了净化研究,通过加入不同的混凝剂[Al₂(SO₄)3·18H2O、FeCl₃]以及粉末活性炭(PAC),比较了三者对于湘江水的处理效果和对膜过滤性能的影响.结果表明,混凝剂的选择与用量对水中污染物质的去除和膜过滤性能有很大的影响.经过组合工艺处理后,系统出水的浊度小于0.1NTU,TOC小于2mg/L,铁、锰的含量低于0.1mg/L.