全文获取类型
收费全文 | 249篇 |
免费 | 16篇 |
国内免费 | 46篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 1篇 |
环保管理 | 73篇 |
综合类 | 87篇 |
基础理论 | 68篇 |
污染及防治 | 18篇 |
评价与监测 | 15篇 |
社会与环境 | 36篇 |
灾害及防治 | 13篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 10篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 8篇 |
2018年 | 20篇 |
2017年 | 14篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 22篇 |
2014年 | 11篇 |
2013年 | 27篇 |
2012年 | 6篇 |
2011年 | 15篇 |
2010年 | 13篇 |
2009年 | 15篇 |
2008年 | 16篇 |
2007年 | 15篇 |
2006年 | 17篇 |
2005年 | 12篇 |
2004年 | 9篇 |
2003年 | 10篇 |
2002年 | 8篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有311条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Surveys were completed on Tutuila Island, American Samoa, to characterize reef development and assess the impacts of non-point source pollution on adjacent coral reefs at six sites. Multivariate analyses of benthic and coral community data found similar modern reef development at three locations; Aoa, Alofau, and Leone. These sites are situated in isolated bays with gentle sloping foundations. Aoa reefs had the highest estimates of crustose coralline algae cover and coral species richness, while Leone and Alofau showed high abundances of macroalgae and Porites corals. Aoa has the largest reef flat between watershed discharge and the reef slope, and the lowest human population density. Masefau and Fagaalu have a different geomorphology consisting of cemented staghorn coral fragments and steep slopes, however, benthic and coral communities were not similar. Benthic data suggest Fagaalu is heavily impacted compared with all other sites. Reef communities were assessed as bio-criteria indicators for waterbody health, using the EPA aquatic life use support designations of (1) fully supportive, (2) partially supportive, and (3) non-supportive for aquatic life. All sites resulted in a partially supportive ranking except Fagaalu, which was non-supportive. The results of this rapid assessment based upon relative benthic community measures are less desirable than long-term dataset analyses from monitoring programs, however it fills an important role for regulatory agencies required to report annual waterbody assessments. Future monitoring sites should be established to increase the number of replicates within each geological and physical setting to allow for meaningful comparisons along a gradient of hypothesized pollution levels. 相似文献
82.
Rural and remote areas of countries such as Australia and the United States are less well‐resourced and often poorer than their city counterparts. When a disaster strikes, therefore, their long‐term recovery can be impeded by being situated ‘over the horizon'. Nonetheless, they are likely to enjoy higher social capital, with ‘locals’ banding together to help restore economic and social life in the wake of a calamitous incident. At the same time, a repeat of extreme events, springing in part from alteration to the landscape through intense human occupation, threatens to derail sustainable recovery processes everywhere, suggesting that renewed emphasis needs to be placed on preparedness. Improved metrics are also required, spanning both pre‐ and post‐disaster phases, to determine effectiveness. Moreover, a focus on the ‘hardening’ of towns offers a better return in limiting damage and potentially hastens the speed of recovery should these places later fall victim to extreme events. 相似文献
83.
84.
Assessing a Quick Monitoring Method Using Rocky Intertidal Communities as a Bioindicator: A Multivariate Approach in Algeciras Bay 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Guerra-García JM Maestre MJ González AR García-Gómez JC 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2006,116(1-3):345-361
A multivariate approach was used to test the value of intertidal communities as a bioindicator of environmental conditions
at Algeciras Bay, southern Spain. The study area is located in the Strait of Gibraltar and it is subjected to a variety of
anthropic impacts. Eight localities (5 inside and 3 outside the bay) were selected, and four transects were undertaken in
each locality to characterise the fauna and flora. The spatial distribution of the intertidal species reflected the physico-chemical
conditions of Algeciras Bay. The stations located outside the bay, characterised by high hydrodynamism and dissolved oxygen
and low sedimentation and turbidity, had a higher diversity and species richness than the inner stations. According to the
BIO-ENV procedure and CCA, water turbidity was the factor which best correlated with the intertidal assemblages. SIMPER showed
that the molluscs Chtamalus stellatus, Mytilus cf edulis, Littorina neritoides and Balanus perforatus, and the algae Gelidium pusillum, Corallina elongata, Asparagopsis armata, Colpomenia sinuosa and Fucus spiralis were the species that most contributed to the dissimilarity between internal and external sites. The present study, based
on the spatial distribution of intertidal taxa, yielded similar results to those previously obtained in the area with costly
physico-chemical analysis based on complex matrices of subtidal epifaunal communities. Consequently, the intertidal sampling
method proposed in this study is presented here as a quick, effective alternative strategy, and can be useful in environmental
monitoring programs, since these communities are easily accessible and amenable to sample, and the sessile nature of the majority
of the species makes future, long-term monitoring relatively simple. 相似文献
85.
Pérez-del-Olmo A Montero FE Raga JA Fernández M Kostadinova A 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(1):221-228
This study evaluates the follow-up trends in the composition and structure of the parasite communities in the marine sparid Boops boops after the Prestige oil-spill. A total of 400 fish comprising 11 seasonal samples was analyzed from three impacted localities on the Atlantic coast of Spain. A large number of parasite species was recovered only after the spill thus suggesting a substantial alteration of the marine food webs. Post-spill communities exhibited higher richness and abundance due to the significant changes in the abundance of the common species, the latter indicating accelerated parasite transmission rates. Multivariate analyses at two nested scales detected a directional trend in parasite community succession towards the pre-spill situation, however, with no full support for community recovery. The state of parasite communities in 2005-2006 may provide the new baseline data which can serve as a framework for quantifying the impact of potential future spills in the region. 相似文献
86.
Marta Ricart Dami Barcel Anita Geiszinger Helena Guasch Miren Lpez de Alda Anna M. Romaní Gemma Vidal Marta Villagrasa Sergi Sabater 《Chemosphere》2009,76(10):1392-1401
A system of recirculating channels was used in this study to examine the long-term effects (29 d) of environmentally realistic concentrations of the herbicide diuron (from 0.07 to 7 μg L−1) on biofilm communities. The autotrophic activity of biofilms was affected by this herbicide, as reflected by a marked decrease in the photosynthetic efficiency. Diuron exposure also increased chlorophyll-a content and reduced the biovolume of diatom taxa at low concentrations. The effects on bacteria were also remarkable. Bacterial abundance was reduced after a week of exposure to the herbicide at a range of concentrations. Effects were on the number of live bacteria and on the increase in the leucine-aminopeptidase activity. It is suggested that inputs of herbicides to the river ecosystem at low concentrations may cause a chain of effects in the biofilm, which include inhibitory effects on algae but also indirect effects on the relationships between biofilm components. 相似文献
87.
六道沟小流域主要灌木林地土壤干化研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文通过野外定位试验研究了黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带典型区域陕西神木县六道沟小流域沙柳、柠条林地土壤水分状况。该区域主要灌木林地土壤水分亏缺严重。在沙柳林地,天然降水的补给深度约为0—100cm土层.土壤干层范围为0—480cm,在柠条林地,天然降水的补给深度约为0—200cm土层,土壤干层超过600cm,土壤质地、坡位等也影响灌木林地土壤干化层分布。 相似文献
88.
Conservation-based development programs have sought to create economic opportunities for people negatively impacted by biological diversity protection. The USDA Forest Service, for example, developed policies and programs to create contracting opportunities for local communities to restore public lands to replace jobs lost from reduced timber harvest. This article examines 12 years of Forest Service land management contracting in western Oregon, Washington, and northern California to evaluate if contractors located in communities near national forests have been awarded more land management contracts and contract value over time. We find that land management contracting spending has declined dramatically and, once we control for intervening factors, we find that local contractors have received a smaller proportion of land management contracts over time. 相似文献
89.
Parameters of the production and destruction processes in different types of tundras are compared. It is shown that there is a fairly high degree of correspondence between the structure of tundra communities and the ecotopes occupied by them. On the other hand, typologically similar lowland and mountain tundras markedly differ in the functional respect. The rate of decomposition processes is higher under environmental conditions of the mountain tundra belt. 相似文献
90.
Effects of a tropical cyclone on the drinking-water quality of a remote Pacific island 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The effect of a cyclone (Ami, January 2003) on drinking-water quality on the island of Vanua Levu, Fiji was investigated. Following the cyclone nearly three-quarters of the samples analysed did not conform to World Health Organisation (WHO) guideline values for safe drinking-water in terms of chlorine residual, total and faecal coliforms, and turbidity. Turbidity and total coliform levels significantly increased (up 56 and 62 per cent, respectively) from pre-cyclone levels, which was likely due to the large amounts of silt and debris entering water-supply sources during the cyclone. The utility found it difficult to maintain a reliable supply of treated water in the aftermath of the disaster. Communities were unaware they were drinking water that had not been adequately treated. Circumstances permitted this cyclone to be used as a case study to assess whether a simple paper-strip water-quality test (the hydrogen sulphide, H(2)S) kit could be distributed and used for community-based monitoring following such a disaster event to better protect public health. The H(2)S test results correlated well with faecal and total coliform results as found in previous studies. A small percentage of samples (about 10 per cent) tested positive for faecal and total coliforms but did not test positive in the H(2)S test. It was concluded that the H(2)S test would be well suited to wider use, especially in the absence of water-quality monitoring capabilities for outer island groups as it is inexpensive and easy to use, thus enabling communities and community health workers with minimal training to test their own water supplies without outside assistance. The importance of public education before and after natural disasters is also discussed. 相似文献