Adsorption of basic dyes onto MCM-41

The adsorption of two basic dyes, Basic Green 5 (BG5) and Basic Violet 10 (BV10), onto MCM-41 was studied to examine the possible effect of interactions between large adsorbates and MCM-41 on the pore structure stability of MCM-41 and the potential of MCM-41 for the removal of basic dyes from wastewater. The revolutions of surface characteristics and pore structure of MCM-41 induced by dyes adsorption were characterized based on the analyses of the nitrogen isotherms, the XRD patterns, and the FTIR spectra. It was experimentally concluded that when the effect of interactions between large dyes (such as BV10) and MCM-41 on the pore structure stability of MCM-41 was insignificant, MCM-41 might be a good adsorbent for the removal of basic dyes from wastewater. The adsorption of BV10 on MCM-41 with respect to contact time, pH, and temperature was then measured to provide more information about the adsorption characteristics of MCM-41. Both Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model was used to describe the kinetic data, from which some adsorption thermodynamic parameters were also evaluated.     

A review on transient stability of DFIG integrated power system

With the increasing penetration of doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs), the impact of the DFIG on transient stability attracts great attention. Transient stability is largely dominated by generator types in the power system, and the dynamic characteristics of DFIG wind turbines are different from that of the synchronous generators in the conventional power plants. The analysis of the transient stability on DFIG integrated power systems has become a very important issue. This paper reviews the current research on the issue from two aspects. One is to describe the methods to improve the fault ride through capability of DFIG wind turbines and the other is to analyse the impact of the DFIG wind farm on transient stability of power systems.     

Handgrip and Box Tilting Strategies in Handling: Effect on Stability and Trunk and Knee Efforts

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of four handgrip/box tilting strategies (right, left, backward, and no tilt of the box) on trunk and knee efforts, body posture, and the stability of 14 participants with limited experience in handling. The tasks consisted of transferring a low-lying box placed in front of the participant to a shelf of the same height at the participant’s left. It was hypothesized that tilting the box could reduce trunk and knee efforts as well as body asymmetry and improve stability. A tridimensional dynamic rigid body model was used to estimate the triaxial net muscular moment magnitudes at the trunk (L5/SI) and at the knees. An approach to quantify the participants’ dynamic stability was also included. Finally, five angles were computed to characterize body asymmetries. The results showed that tilting the box affected specific trunk efforts, but did not succeed in reducing trunk asymmetric efforts. However, the tilts were executed in a single direction, and it may be possible that combined tilts of the box could help reduce trunk asymmetric efforts. Tilting the box had little effect on knee loadings, and the left tilt strategy reduced participants’ stability. This study showed the importance of considering the position of the box when assessing the risks encountered in asymmetrical handling.     

Effects of ferric oxide on decompositions of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide

Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKPO) is a widely used initiator for polymerization reaction and hardener in glass-reinforced plastic. However, MEKPO is an unstable reactive chemical and has caused several serious accidents all over the world. This work studied the thermal stability of MEKPO in the presence of ferric oxide as the contaminant through calorimetric and kinetic studies. The calorimetry was performed using Automatic Pressure Tracking Adiabatic Calorimeter (APTAC) to identify the effects of ferric oxide (different concentration) on important reactive hazards such as onset temperature and pressure hazard. Kinetic modeling was then performed to study the kinetics of the runaway reaction and estimate important kinetic parameters. The results indicate that in the low concentration range (<0.3%), ferric oxide has no significant effect on the thermal stability of MEKPO. However, in the high and intermediate concentration range of ferric oxide (i.e., 10%), the negative effect on the thermal stability of MEKPO was observed. This result is in agreement with the kinetic study result that the activation energy and frequency factor decrease dramatically in the high ferric oxide concentration range. The results provide necessary process safety information for the handling of MEKPO and also technical basis for the further study in this area.     

基于响应面法和强度折减法的边坡可靠性计算研究

针对边坡安全系数是隐式函数的特点,提出将有限差分强度折减法和响应面法(RSM)相结合,分析边坡可靠性的方法。采用安全系数、破坏概率及对应的临界滑动面等,作为综合评价边坡稳定性的指标。算例验证表明,笔者提出的计算方法所得结果与其他方法比较接近,且更能反映边坡真实的工作状态。对某钢铁基地工程的昔格达组地层边坡,采用新的计算方法进行可靠度分析,对比研究确定性破坏模式和概率破坏模式中剪应变增量和破坏区的分布。研究结果表明,均值强度较高的边坡岩土体,如果变异系数较大,便仍处于较高风险水平,虽然边坡整体的安全系数满足工程要求;均值安全系数和最小可靠度指标对应的破坏模式也是有差别的。     

某水电站工程右岸引水发电系统厂房后边坡稳定性三维有限元分析

针对某水电工程坝址区地质条件复杂、开挖步序多的实际情况,采用三维有限元法,分析了某水电工程右岸厂房后边坡的稳定性,得到了边坡开挖卸荷、支护中的变形规律和应力分布特性,给出边坡的破坏特征和部位,提出了边坡治理方案。引入强度折减法,以安全系数的形式来分析边坡的稳定性,强度折减法可以与边坡规范相映证,同时该方法采用边坡稳定安全系数,可以直观定性的判断边坡的整体稳定性。工程实践表明,边坡工程稳定性分析结果和加固设计方案合理有效。     

基于未确知聚类法的巷道围岩稳定性预测

针对影响巷道围岩稳定性的因素多且具有不确定性和隐蔽性的特点,选取实测RQD值、单轴抗压强度、隙壁状态3个主要影响因素作为判别指标,利用未确知测度理论,建立巷道围岩稳定性预测模型。利用25组巷道围岩资料作为模型构建样本,以样本均值为聚类中心,采用信息熵理论确定各判别指标的权重,从而计算样本的多指标综合测度;根据最小未确知测度距离原理判断样本所属类别,进而对巷道围岩稳定性进行预测,且用逐一回代的方法检验预测模型的合理性。刊用所建立的巷道围岩稳定性预测模型对大冶铁矿5组待判别样本进行应用预测,预测结果符合工程勘察实际,表明基于未确知聚类法的巷道围岩稳定性预测方法具有较好的实用性和有效性。     

大桥施工安全及稳定性监测——以浙江新昌沃西大桥为例

大桥施工安全是施工过程中必须注意的问题。本文针对浙江新昌沃西大桥施工实际情况,提出了安全施工的具体内容,并制定了相应的安全保障措施,为工程的顺利进行提供了有力的保障。同时考虑到大桥采用的是悬灌法,各梁段在施工过程中有一定的变形,为了准确、及时了解大桥变形情况,对大桥进行了稳定性监测。     

INFLUENCE OF TWO WOODY RIPARIAN SPECIES ON CRITICAL CONDITIONS FOR STREAMBANK STABILITY: UPPER TRUCKEE RIVER,CALIFORNIA1

Over the past 35 years, a trend of decreasing water clarity has been documented in Lake Tahoe, attributable in part to the delivery of fine grained sediment emanating from upland and channel erosion. A recent study showed that the Upper Truckee River is the single largest contributor of sediment to Lake Tahoe, with a large proportion of the sediment load emanating from streambanks. This study combines field data with numerical modeling to identify the critical conditions for bank stability along an unstable reach of the Upper Truckee River, California. Bank failures occur during winter and spring months, brought on by repeated basal melting of snow packs and rain‐on‐snow events. Field studies of young lodgepole pines and Lemmon's willow were used to quantify the mechanical, hydrologic, and net effects of riparian vegetation on streambank stability. Lemmon's willow provided an order of magnitude more root reinforcement (5.5 kPa) than the lodgepole pines (0.5 kPa); the hydrologic effects of the species varied spatially and temporally and generally were of a smaller magnitude than the mechanical effects. Overall, Lemmon's willow provided a significant increase in bank strength, reducing the frequency of bank failures and delivery of fine grained sediment to the study reach of the Upper Truckee River.     

某卷烟厂卷接机组集中风力与除尘系统的应用

结合贵州某卷烟厂技术改造实践，采用集中工艺风力和除尘技术，对PASSIM和SUPER9卷接机组的工艺风力供给方式和除尘系统进行了改进。对于系统的结构、可靠性、调节性、稳定性进行了分析，改造后集中风力系统较常规风力系统在经济效益和工作环境上具有显著优势，降低了运行成本。