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排序方式: 共有109条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Sodium fluoride (NaF), a widespread natural pollutant was given to sperm-positive female rats throughout gestation and lactation
at a dose of 4.5 and 9.0 ppm via drinking water. The neonates were allowed to grow up to 90 days on tap water, and then sperm
parameters, testicular steroidogenic marker enzyme activity levels, and circulatory hormone levels were studied. The sperm
count, sperm motility, sperm coiling (hypoosmotic swelling test), and sperm viability were decreased in experimental rats
when compared with controls. The activity levels of testicular steroidogenic marker enzymes (3β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
and 17β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) were significantly decreased in experimental animals indicating decreased steroidogenesis.
The serum testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels were also significantly altered in experimental
animals. Our data indicate that exposure to NaF during gestation and lactation affects male reproduction in adult rats by
decreasing spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. 相似文献
62.
63.
从长期受十二烷基苯磺酸钠(sodiumdodecylbenzenesulfonate,SDBS)污染的土壤中,筛选到3株对SDBS降解能力很强的细菌,分别为荧光假单胞杆菌(PseudomonasfluorescensP-11)、芽孢杆菌(Bacilussp.B-24)、气单胞菌(Aeromanassp.A-2)。3株细菌均属中温细菌,最适生长温度为30℃,最适生长pH为7.0,在低浓度SDBS中生长比在高浓度中生长好。在选定的最适条件下,测定了3株菌对SDBS的降解能力,在含40mg/LSDBS的培养基上,于28℃生长72h,SDBS的降解率均超过95%,其中P-11达100%。 相似文献
64.
用于生物降解酚类毒物的固定化细胞性能改进的研究 总被引:22,自引:2,他引:20
在获得了一种耐酚能力达915mg/L的菌种的基础上,进一步研究了以海藻酸钠包埋法制得的该菌种固定化细胞的性能。同时,采用了2种方法,即添加硅藻土和用己二胺-戊二醛对固定化细胞表面进行化学处理,使固定化细胞的机械强度,降酚活性,稳定性均得到了提高。实验证明这2种方法都有令人满意的效果。 相似文献
65.
Tomo Kakitani Toshimitsu Hata Takeshi Kajimoto Hideki Koyanaka Yuji Imamura 《Journal of environmental management》2009
The disposal of wood waste treated with chromated copper arsenate (CCA) is a problem in many countries. We have proposed a novel chelating extraction technique for CCA-treated wood using bioxalate, a solution of oxalic acid containing sufficient sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 3.2, which is an effective way to obtain an extraction efficiency of 90% for chromium, copper, and arsenic. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the characteristics of bioxalate extraction of CCA-treated wood. Extractions of CCA-treated western hemlock chips with solutions of bioxalate, oxalic acid, and sodium hydroxide were carried out. The use of bioxalate was confirmed as the most effective extraction technique for chromium, copper and arsenic, with an efficiency of 90%. Extraction with simple oxalic acid was ineffective for copper (less than 40% extraction efficiency), but effective for chromium and arsenic, with 90% efficiency. Sodium hydroxide showed a similar tendency, being ineffective for chromium and copper (less than 20% extraction efficiency), but relatively effective for arsenic (around 70–80% efficiency). We also discovered an interesting phenomenon whereby the addition of sodium hydroxide to a simple oxalic acid solution during the oxalic acid extraction progress resulted in dramatically increased extraction efficiency for copper, chromium and arsenic, up to 90%. Although oxalic acid was ineffective for copper extraction, the addition of sodium hydroxide during the oxalic acid extraction process rendered it effective. 相似文献
66.
Syncrude Canada Ltd. is currently developing environmentally acceptable oil sands process-affected water management methods as part of their land reclamation strategy. Surface waters of the “wet landscape” reclamation option characteristically have elevated concentrations of sodium sulphate and naphthenic acids (NAs), with low levels of PAHs. The following experiment compared early-life stage responses of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) to those of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) when exposed to Mildred Lake settling basin (MLSB) surface water and a commercial sodium naphthenate (Na-NA) standard. Perch eggs were fertilized and incubated in: 100%, 50%, 20%, 4%, 0.8%, and 0.16% dilutions of MLSB water, as well as 20, 10, 5, 2.5, and 1.25 mg/l solutions of the commercial standard. Medaka embryos were exposed to the same treatments, post-fertilization. Both species demonstrated an increase in the incidence of deformity, and a decrease in length at hatch as NA concentrations increased. MLSB surface water contained higher levels of NAs than the commercial standard, however, showed consistently higher NA threshold effect concentrations for both species. Significant differences between the MLSB water and the Na-NA standard suggest that they contain NA congeners with different toxicity, or other compounds such as PAHs. Species differences in thresholds could be explained by the difference in developmental stage in which the exposures were initiated. 相似文献
67.
通过实验证明使用低浓度的硫代硫酸的钠标液时,可用已配制标定好的硫代硫酸钠标准贮备液直接稀释使用,不需重新标定。此法切实可行,完全能满足样品分析的要求,既省时省力,又节约试剂,值得推广。 相似文献
68.
对采用燃烧器偏转-火焰原子吸收法测定水中钾、钠、钙、镁的仪器条件及灵敏度、检出限、测定下限、精密度、准确度进行了研究。发现该方法在没有铯盐及镧盐加入的情况下,曲线线性好、灵敏度高、精密度好、准确度高,能够满足实际分析的需要。 相似文献
69.
Priscilla Pareuil Hakim HamdounFrançois Bordas Emmanuel JousseinJean-Claude Bollinger 《Journal of environmental management》2011
The redox potential (Eh) is a key parameter for controlling the release of elements from solid materials. Nevertheless, this parameter is seldom taken into account during risk assessment studies within any regulatory framework. We studied the incidence of redox changes to the solid materials using two batch procedures: i) a gradient of redox conditions obtained using sodium ascorbate solutions at various concentrations; ii) N2 bubbling in water. These experiments were performed on two Mn-rich slag samples coming from a pyrometallurgical plant that recycles alkaline batteries. Both samples differed slightly in their chemical composition and solid characterization (i.e. presence of Mn oxide) and presented different behaviours. The present study focused on the release of the main slag elements (i.e. Mn and Si) chosen as indicators of the dissolution of primary silicate phases. Solid phase analyses (SEM-EDS and XRD) were coupled with the monitoring of elements in leachates in order to understand their behaviour and the mechanisms involved. The results indicated that the solid composition plays an important role in the release mechanisms. The presence of Mn oxide enhanced the mobilization of Mn in the greatest reducing conditions (−320 ± 5 mV/SHE), to the extent that 42% of the total Mn was leached. This demonstrated the significance in studying the solid phases (using SEM-EDS and XRD) before and after any leaching experiment. From a laboratory practice point of view, it was easier to use sodium ascorbate and allowed, in our case, greater reducing conditions to be reached. 相似文献
70.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(4):656-667
As an active metabolite of venlafaxine and emerging antidepressant, O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODVEN) was widely detected in different water bodies, which caused potential harm to human health and environmental safety. In this study, the comparative work on the ODVEN degradation by UV (254 nm) and UV-LED (275 nm) activated sodium percarbonate (SPC) systems was systematically performed. The higher removal rate of ODVEN can be achieved under UV-LED direct photolysis (14.99%) than UV direct photolysis (4.57%) due to the higher values of photolysis coefficient at the wavelength 275 nm. Significant synergistic effects were observed in the UV/SPC (80.38%) and UV-LED/SPC (53.57%) systems and the former exhibited better performance for the elimination of ODVEN. The degradation of ODVEN all followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics well in these processes, and the pseudo-first-order rate constant (kobs) increased with increasing SPC concentration. Radicals quenching experiments demonstrated that both ·OH and CO3·− were involved in the degradation of ODVEN and the second-order rate constant of ODVEN with CO3·− (1.58 × 108 (mol/L)−1 sec−1) was reported for the first time based on competitive kinetic method. The introduction of HA, Cl−, NO3− and HCO3− inhibited the ODVEN degradation to varying degrees in the both processes. According to quantum chemical calculation, radical addition at the ortho-position of the phenolic hydroxyl group was confirmed to be the main reaction pathways for the oxidation of ODVEN by ·OH. In addition, the oxidation of ODVEN may involve the demethylation, H-abstraction, OH-addition and C-N bond cleavage. Eventually, the UV-LED/SPC process was considered to be more cost-effective compared to the UV/SPC process, although the UV/SPC process possessed a higher removal rate of ODVEN. 相似文献