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91.
92.
北京市地表水环境面临的主要问题及防治对策 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
针对北京市地表水水质污染现状、污染特点及其变化趋势,深入剖析了目前地表水环境及其治理过程中存在的主要问题,提出进一步改善北京市地表水环境的措施与建议。 相似文献
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Coal companies are reluctant to include wetland development in reclamation plans partly due to a lack of information on the
resulting characteristics of such sites. It is easier for coal companies to recreate terrestrial habitats than to attempt
experimental methods and possibly face significant regulatory disapproval. Therefore, we studied a young (10 years) wetland
on a reclaimed surface coal mine in southern Illinois so as to ascertain soil and water characteristics such that the site
might serve as a model for wetland development on surface mines. Water pH was not measured because of equipment problems,
but evidence (plant life, fish, herpetofauna) suggests suitable pH levels. Other water parameters (conductivity, salinity,
alkalinity, chloride, copper, total hardness, iron, manganese, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, and sulfate) were measured, and
only copper was seen in potentially high concentrations (but with no obvious toxic effects). Soil variables measured included
pH, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, aluminum, iron, sulfate, chloride, and percent organic
matter. Soils were slightly alkaline and most parameters fell within levels reported for other studies on both natural and
manmade wetlands. Aluminum was high, but this might be indicative more of large amounts complexed with soils and therefore
unavailable, than amounts actually accessible to plants. Organic matter was moderate, somewhat surprising given the age of
the system. 相似文献
95.
浙江仇山膨润土经不同酸度活化,蒙脱石在酸度为17.5~20%时其颗粒大小、厚度趋于一致;酸度分别为12.5%,20%时集合体由絮状,团块状向厚片状,片状变化;酸度为12.5~17.5%时其颗粒边缘变为光滑,而酸度为25%时则变为锯齿状;酸度20%时,表面更加光滑,平整。蒙脱石形态直接反映它的表面积的变化,决定了活性白土脱色性能的优劣。本文讨论了蒙脱石表面积与活性白土脱色力的变化关系。 相似文献
96.
本文根据前文所提联合上限法和主应力法确定模具表面压力分布的基础原理,计算了圆柱坯料正挤压和十字头锻件镦挤时模具表面的压力分布,所得结果与测定值很吻合,进一步证明了UBM/SM法实际应用的可靠性. 相似文献
97.
上海市郊4种地表径流深度的测算 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
根据有关试验资料和美国土壤保持局推荐的方法,提出了上海市郊4种地表径流深度的计算公式。计算结果表明,当年降雨量为1053mm时,上海市郊4种地表径流的总量为13.6亿m^3,平均径流深度为300mm,径流系数为28.49%,4种径流量占郊区总量的77.82%,产流面积为郊区总面积的75.10%。 相似文献
98.
本文主要介绍流域径流污染的系统分析方法,并提出采用卡尔曼滤波理论进行仿真,从而实现污染的预报。 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to compare degradation rates of aniline in laboratory shake flask simulation tests with field rates in the river Rhine. The combined events of a low flow situation in the Rhine and residual aniline concentrations in the effluent from the BASF treatment plant in Ludwigshafen temporarily higher than normal, made it possible to monitor aniline at trace concentrations in the river water downstream the wastewater outlet by means of a sensitive GC headspace analytical method. Aniline was analyzed along a downstream gradient and the dilution along the gradient was calculated from measurements of conductivity, sulfate and a non-readily biodegradable substance, 1,4-dioxane. Compensating dilution, field first-order degradation rate constants downstream the discharge of BASF were estimated at 1.8 day−1 for two different dates with water temperatures of 21.9 and 14.7 °C, respectively. This field rate estimate was compared with results from 38 laboratory shake flask batch tests with Rhine water which averaged 1.5 day−1 at 15 °C and 2.0 day−1 at 20 °C. These results indicate that laboratory shake flask batch tests with low concentrations of test substance can be good predictors of degradation rates in natural water bodies––at least as ascertained here for short duration tests with readily degradable compounds among which aniline is a commonly used reference. 相似文献