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891.
/ The search for sustainable development provides the impetus forexamining the role of indigenous institutions and their ecological knowledgein environmental assessment and local sustainability. This paper attempts totrace the evolution of environmental assessment in Ghana. Focusing on theAshanti Region, the paper further discusses the nature and operations ofindigenous institutions, their ecological knowledge, beliefs, practices, andsocial norms that are relevant to environmental assessment process in thecountry. Some of the challenges that emerge from the discussions arehighlighted. There is a need to establish environmental assessment andcooperative management boards that would include representatives ofindigenous institutions. In addition, the introduction of technicaldictionaries and training manuals based on indigenous ecological knowledgeand their humane environmental practices will further improve theenvironmental assessment process in Ghana.KEY WORDS: Environmental assessment; Indigenous institutions; Indigenousecological knowledge; Sustainable development; Environmental assessmentboards 相似文献
892.
Integrated resource assessment and sustainable land use 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Decision makers and planners in resource sectors recognize, at least in theory, the multiple uses of land, reflecting possible
choices and options for society, and the need to evaluate the economic, social, and environmental implications of these choices.
As such, the need for integrated resource management is now widely accepted in resource planning. This article contributes
to the understanding of sustainable resource development through a specific case study. An integrated analytical system is
developed and applied to the Peace River Region, British Columbia, Canada, to examine the impacts of a wide range of land-use
options and policies upon the achievement of multiple resource use goals. The results indicate that an integrated approach
in land resource analysis is not only possible but a necessary step in the move to develop procedures for assisting public
decision makers in integrating the diverse functions of the land resource base and to revise demands or develop alternative
strategies in order to move society closer to sustainable outcomes. 相似文献
893.
Traditional approaches to metropolitan management have placed stress upon the achievement of physical and economic growth. In recent years attention has turned to environmental concerns and the achievement of sustainable urban development. It is important to define the objectives for the sustainable development of cities and to identify the principles upon which such development can be based. 相似文献
894.
200 years of sustainability in forestry: Lessons from history 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
K. Freerk Wiersum 《Environmental management》1995,19(3):321-329
Since the end of the 1980s the concept of sustainable development has gained general acceptance, but much uncertainty still
exists on how to operationalize this concept. In forestry the concept of sustainability has been an accepted principle since
the 18th century. The experiences with its application in forestry may contribute towards obtaining a better insight into
the implications and operational significance of the concept of sustainability. This article describes the history of sustainability
in forestry, including the various social values on which its interpretation has been based. The original principle of sustained
yield has gradually been broadened to a more inclusive principle of sustainable forest management. The dynamics in social
valuation of forest resources resulted in various attempts at practical operationalization of the principle. Notwithstanding
200 years of efforts to operationalize the concept of sustainability, its exact application in forestry remains troublesome.
Three lessons are drawn: (1) the need to recognize the different nature of ecological limits and social dynamics, (2) the
role of dynamic social values with respect to forest resources, and (3) the significance of operational experiences in trying
to attain sustainability within a concrete context. 相似文献
895.
896.
Ecotourism,sustainable development,and conservation education: Development of a tour guide training program in Tortuguero,Costa Rica 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A tour guide training program was developed for rural communities near Costa Rica's Tortuguero National Park to respond to
the impacts of the 24-fold increase in park visitation in the past decade, to involve local communities in resource management,
and to provide regional environmental education. The development of the training course involved a survey of scientists and
park managers to ascertain resource management needs, priorities for information to be disseminated, and impacts of tourism
on the resource base. Current and potential tour guides were surveyed to identify their information needs, solicit their input
in the training program, and to determine their knowledge and skills. Written questionnaires were developed and given to 400
tourists to determine their activities and environmental information needs, and hotel owners were censused to examine the
economic feasibility of a local guide program. A pilot training course and guide program involving 12 Tortuguero residents
demonstrated that a tour guide program: (1) helped mitigate negative tourism impacts on Tortuguero National Park's natural
resources, particularly by regulating tourists on the park's 35-km beach used for nesting by endangered sea turtles; (2) provided
environmental education to an important segment of the local community not traditionally reached through school or government
development projects; (3) provided environmental information to tourists, thus enhancing their visit; and (4) provided local
economic benefits through lucrative part-time employment, thereby allowing local people to participate more fully in the tourism
system. An extended training course is being planned to provide further environmental education programming and to increase
year-round employment opportunities for the tour guides. 相似文献
897.
Pier-Giovanni D'ayala 《Environmental management》1992,16(5):565-568
Islands have many problems in common with certain continental areas. Yet, at the same time they provide a special case in
development, largely owing to specific characteristics of their natural resources, their economies, and their culture. The
rational management of small island ecosystems (less than 10,000 sq km, population 50,000 or less) is one of the main aspects
of the multidisciplinary research project promoted by the “Man and the Biosphere” Program (MAB) of UNESCO. This article aims
to shed light on some important methodological and conceptual issues confronted during almost two decades of fieldwork. 相似文献
898.
袁大祥 《中国安全科学学报》1992,2(2):35-40
分析了我国高等学校开设安全工程专业的发展状况,提出安全工程专业应以安全科学技术知识为主体,兼顾生产知识,设置专业基础课程和专业课程,形成安全工程的专业特性。 相似文献
899.
Richard A. Carpenter 《Environmental management》1980,4(1):13-20
Since October 1977, the East-West Environment and Policy Institute in Honolulu has been conducting a multinational collaborative project to enhance the preparation and utilization of natural systems assessments in developing countries. This paper presents some of the findings to date: 1. Channels are developing rapidly for transferring ecological knowledge into political and administrative decision making. 2. The systematic approach of ecology is replacing environmental quality as the organizing concept for information about natural resources and the environment. 3. Benefit-cost analysis is a promising method for integrating ecological knowledge into economic development decision making. 4. The lack of baseline information, inventories, and predictive capability will not be remedied soon or easily; thus priorities for ecological research are essential.This paper is adapted from a presentation at the Fifth Symposium on Tropical Ecology of the International Society for Tropical Ecology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, on 19 April 1979. Environmental Management, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 13–20 相似文献
900.
Mike Leary 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1988,31(1):7-12
The possible role of computer‐based expert systems in town and country planning has yet to be formalised and many planners are not aware of the potential and limitations of software developments in this area. This paper defines expert systems for planners, explains their operation and outlines a possible area, within the development control process, where such systems could provide a beneficial contribution to planning. 相似文献