基于TOPSIS方法的苏州市循环经济发展绩效评价研究

借助绩效评价理论探索分析了循环经济发展评价的指标和方法,并尝试运用多目标决策方法中的嫡值法（Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution,TOPSIS）开展研究试点。通过对苏州市1997～2008年间的循环经济发展绩效进行综合评价,结果表明,10年来苏州市循环经济绩效水平呈U型发展趋势,近年来发展势头良好,但未来在提高低能耗第三产业比例、降低纺织业综合能耗、提高工业电力利用率等方面需要采取更有力的措施;苏州市循环经济发展绩效评价指标体系能够较好地反映该市循环经济发展状况,对于苏南同类城市有一定的借鉴意义;TOPSIS方法较好地避免了主观因素在综合分析过程中的影响,但无法就各评价因子对结果的影响程度、影响途径等进行更深层次的分析,需注意与其他方法相结合。     

基于模糊TOPSIS的道路危险货物运输企业安全评价方法

为了评估道路危险货物运输企业安全性水平,降低危险货物运输风险概率,围绕道路危险货物运输企业安全性评价的重要性,提出一种适用于模糊不确定环境的道路危险货物运输企业安全性评价方法。首先,从人-机-组织综合角度建立道路危险货物运输企业安全性评价指标体系;其次,组合运用模糊决策理论、群体决策和TOPSIS方法提出道路危险货物运输企业安全性评价方法框架;最后以南京市5家道路危险货物运输企业的安全性评价为例进行方法验证。     

基于灾害风险理论的岩溶区建设项目地下水污染风险评价

为研究岩溶地区建设项目的地下水污染风险,引入灾害风险理论确定地下水污染风险是由地下水脆弱性和建设项目污染负荷危险性两方面共同决定,并构建了地下水污染风险指标体系。采用模糊层次分析法确定各指标权重,选择TOPSIS模型进行脆弱性和危险性等级的判断,最后依据风险等级分区矩阵确定地下水污染风险评价等级。以贵州西北地区某火电厂项目进行地下水污染风险评价实例应用,结果表明该项目地下水污染风险等级为"较高",主要因素为该地区地下水含水层脆弱性"较高",评价结果符合实际,具有一定应用价值。     

垃圾填埋场区域氨氮污染地下水的修复方案比选

早期建设的简易生活垃圾填埋场的防渗措施不足,易发生渗漏,造成填埋场周围地下水的氨氮浓度升高。文章针对华中地区某垃圾填埋场区域氨氮污染地下水,提出抽取处理加异位生物修复、空气注入加原位生物修复两种修复方案,并采用AHP-TOPSIS(层次分析法-逼近理想排序)方法进行方案的比选。在建立合适的比选指标体系基础上,采用AHP-TOPSIS方法进行综合比选研究。结果表明,空气注入+原位生物修复技术更适合于该区域地下水的修复。TOPSIS方法由于缺乏确定评价指标权重的过程,在层次多元分析中的应用受到限制,而AHP是多层次多因素权重确定的有效工具,将二者结合起来,先由AHP确定指标权重,再运用TOPSIS对备选地下水修复方案进行排序,从而弥补了二者各自的不足。AHP-TOPSIS方法可作为环境工作者进行场地修复方案比选的有效工具。     

Evaluation of the spontaneous combustion tendency of corrosion products in oil tanks based on TOPSIS methodologies

Spontaneous ignition of the corrosion products of an oil tank may lead to an explosion. To evaluate the spontaneous combustion tendency of corrosion products in oil tanks, the thermodynamic characteristic parameters of the corrosion products of oil tanks were obtained by thermogravimetry as evaluation indexes. Then, the objective weights of these indexes were calculated via the CRITIC method, and TOPSIS theory was used to comprehensively evaluate the spontaneous combustion tendency of corrosion product samples from oil tanks. The results show that the weight of the mass loss rate at the ignition point is the highest, and the apparent activation energy of the corrosion products is not the decisive factor affecting their spontaneous combustion tendency. As such, the spontaneous combustion tendency of the corrosion products of oil tanks cannot be based on only the apparent activation energy. The spontaneous combustion tendency of the corrosion products of a gasoline tank is lower than that of a diesel tank. The higher the heating rate is, the stronger the tendency of spontaneous combustion will be.     

基于Vague集的铁路应急预案评价方法

铁路应急预案评价属不确定环境下的多目标多属性评价问题。基于已有的铁路应急预案评价指标,从重要性和独立性两方面对指标进行筛选和优化,得到11个关键性指标,建立铁路应急预案评价指标体系。提出一种基于Vague集的熵值法与基于Vague集的层次分析法（VAHP）相结合的主客观综合赋权法确定指标权重。采用TOPSIS方法,通过计算预案与理想方案之间的相似度量及相对贴近度,对各预案的优劣进行排序。实例分析表明,提出的评价方法对不确定环境下的评价问题具有较强的适用性和可操作性。     

基于农户视角的粮食主产县耕地健康评价与诊断--以湖南省湘阴县为例

耕地健康关乎国家粮食安全。依据PSR理论模型构建耕地健康评价指标体系,利用湖南省岳阳市湘阴县农户调查数据,运用层次分析法、TOPSIS法和障碍度模型评价了该县耕地健康状况并诊断其障碍因子。结果表明:湘阴县耕地健康综合指数为0.488,耕地健康等级为中度亚健康;耕地健康压力指数、状态指数和响应指数依次分别为0.597、0.526和0.418;轮作休耕、种植绿肥、单位播种面积有机肥施用量、粮食单产、耕作层厚度、单位播种面积化肥施用量、灌溉保证率是制约湘阴县耕地健康的主要障碍因子。     

Selection of optimum fish oil fuel blend to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions in an IC engine—A hybrid multiple criteria decision aid approach

The increasing demand on energy due to population growth and rising of living standards has led to considerable use of fossil fuels which has in turn, had an adverse impact on environmental pollution and depletion of fossil fuels in Internal Combustion (IC) engine sector. Alternative fuel blend evaluation in IC engine fuel technologies is a very important strategic decision involving decisions balancing within a number of criteria and opinions from different decision maker of IC engine experts. The selection of appropriate source of biodiesel and proper blending of biodiesel plays a major role in alternate energy production. This paper describes an application of hybrid Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) technique for the selection of optimum biodiesel blend in the IC engine. The proposed model, Analytical Network Process (ANP) is integrated with Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to evaluate the optimum blend. Here the ANP is used to determine the relative weights of the criteria, whereas TOPSIS is used for obtaining the final ranking of alternative blends. An efficient pair-wise comparison process and ranking of alternatives can be achieved for optimum blend selection through the integration of ANP and TOPSIS. The obtained preference order for the blends are as B20 > B40 > Diesel > B60 > B80 > B100. This paper highlights a new insight into MCDM techniques to evaluate the best fuel blend for the decision makers such as engine manufactures and R&D engineers to meet the fuel economy and emission norms to empower the green revolution.     

A hybrid approach using ISM and fuzzy TOPSIS for the selection of reverse logistics provider

Return of used products is becoming an important logistics activity due to government legislation and increasing awareness among the people to protect the environment and reduce waste. For industries, the management of return flow usually requires a specialized infrastructure with special information systems for tracking and dedicated equipment for the processing of returns. Therefore, industries are turning to third-party reverse logistics providers (3PRLPs). In this study, a multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) model in fuzzy environment is developed to guide the selection process of best 3PRLP. The interactions among the criteria are also analyzed before arriving at a decision for the selection of 3PRLP from among 15 alternatives. The analysis is done through Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). Finally the effectiveness of the model is illustrated using a case study on battery manufacturing industry in India.     

基于改进TOPSIS方法的航空装备预研项目技术风险评估

技术风险是引发费用风险和进度风险的主要因素,因此在航空装备的研制中需要重点管控和规避。为提供可靠的航空装备预研项目技术方案的选择依据,采用改进的TOPSIS方法对五种不同航空装备预研方案的技术风险进行了定量评估,技术风险评价指标体系包括成熟性、复杂性、先进性、安全性、经济性、保障性、兼容性和标准化八个指标。利用熵值赋权法求得指标权重,双基点间的投影距离代替传统的相对欧式距离对TOPSIS方法进行了改进。实例分析中,通过编程计算对某航空预研项目的五种技术方案进行了定量风险评估,根据风险优属度确立了较为优化的技术方案。结果表明,该方法较主观赋权法更为科学、客观,为航空预研方案的初选提供了可靠参考。