建造循环经济走可持续发展道路

本文论述了建造循环经济是实现可持续发展战略的支持和基础,并提出发展循环经济必须采取的有效措施。     

ON‐FARM WATER CONSERVATION PRACTICES IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA1

ABSTRACT: In southern Alberta, as elsewhere, pressures on limited water supplies are increasing. Not surprisingly, a great deal of attention has been focused on irrigated agriculture, which accounts for the largest share of water consumed in the region. In order to meet broadly accepted water conservation goals, some commentators have suggested that irrigation water use should be metered and that irrigators should be charged based on the amount of water used. An alternative proposal would have water management authorities rely upon the perceived adaptability of irrigators. This paper offers a perspective on the willingness of irrigators to conserve water. Based on a survey of 183 irrigation farmers conducted over the summer and early fall of 1998, we found that irrigators are generally aware of the need to conserve water and soil moisture, and that a variety of water conserving strategies were being employed. Water saving technologies specific to irrigation agriculture were less widely adopted. The findings suggest that there is considerable potential to reduce the amount of water consumed by the irrigation sector through increased efficiency, but that change will be limited if current economic circumstances and institutional arrangements persist.     

创新集聚空间分布模式对霾污染的影响

为了比较分析创新集聚空间分布单中心与多中心两种模式对霾污染的影响机制,本文构建了省域面板数据模型和中介效应模型进行实证检验.结果表明：创新集聚可通过规模效应降低霾污染;但创新集聚空间分布模式对霾污染的影响具有异质性.其中,单中心模式诱发了霾污染,存在创新集聚环境效应悖论;多中心模式对霾污染具有改善效应;随着创新集聚多中心的提高,其霾污染改善效应增强,但具有边际递减特征;能源利用效率是创新集聚空间分布模式影响霾污染的重要渠道之一.基于此,本文建议省级政府推进空间协同创新发展战略,建构省域多中心的创新网络空间组织体系,以此形成多中心协同治霾机制,破解创新集聚环境效应悖论.     

一带一路背景下西部生态与绿色发展的改革与创新研究

西部地区资源开发、环境导向、经济发展等因素的制约下,西部地区的生态发展以及改革方案受到了严重的冲击,文中提出一带一路背景下西部生态与绿色发展的改革与创新方案.通过一带一路指示精神融合西部地区的特有生态水平,进行了综合分析,并根据实际的发展要求进行深入指导.对一带一路背景下西部生态与绿色发展的改革进行了详细的解读,把西部生态环境与绿色生态发展之间的矛盾进行分析,通过一带一路的思想和方针解决了现有改革中的矛盾.结合一带一路的实质路线对西部生态与绿色发展的创新进行了深入的探讨,基于"一带一路"战略带来各种促进的政策,确定了西部地区生态与绿色发展创新方向.     

河南油田劳动防护用品管理创新研究

为充分发挥劳动防护用品在安全生产过程的作用,多年来,河南油田不断进行探索,寻找一种更加有效的管理方法。把劳动防护用品管理提升到一个更高的水平。     

产品创新设计与设计标准化——开展产品设计创新中的标准化工作促进产品创新

产品创新设计能力是企业竞争力的核心。本文在介绍产品创新与标准化概念的基础上,论述了产品创新与标准化之间的关系并从产品创新设计标准化角度,分析了标准化对象的选择、标准化的方法、标准化的内容以及产品创新中标准化的实施。最后,指出了开展产品设计创新中的标准化工作,有利于促进产品创新。     

基于协调度与熵权法的绩效评价新方法

自人们意识到绩效评价的重要性以来,越来越多的研究集中于绩效评价的方法。以往的绩效评价侧重用数字表象进行评价,而忽略了政府、企业系统及其与社会经济发展之间的特性。基于此,根据既有的信息熵理论研究成果,提出了协调度与熵权法复合评价模型,并运用该模型对2009年度河北省区域创新绩效进行了实证分析,既科学、全面地衡量绩效情况,又便于政府、企业及其与社会经济发展之间的系统分析,是一种绩效评价方法的创新,具有一定的普适性和通用性。     

Would hotelling kill the electric car?

In this paper, we show that the potential for endogenous technological change in alternative energy sources may alter the behaviour of resource-owning firms. When technological progress in an alternative energy source can occur through learning-by-doing, resource owners face competing incentives to extract rents from the resource and to prevent expansion of the new technology. We show that in such a context, it is not necessarily the case that scarcity-driven higher traditional energy prices over time will induce alternative energy supply as resources are exhausted. Rather, we show that as we increase the learning potential in the substitute technology, lower equilibrium energy prices prevail and there may be increased resource extraction and greenhouse gas emissions. We show that the effectiveness and the incidence of emissions reduction policies may be altered by increased potential for technological change. Our results suggest that treating finite resource rents as endogenous consequences of both technological progress and policy changes will be important for the accurate assessment of climate change policy.     

高校图书馆社会化服务的分析

通过阐述国内外高校图书馆的社会化服务现状和主要方式,指出了高校图书馆社会化服务存在着政策法规、思想观念、资源共享和管理体制方面的障碍。在此基础上,提出了高校图书馆开展社会化服务的创新方式：开拓创新,与企事业单位合作;突破思想障碍,争取政策扶持;增强宣传力度,提高知晓度;资源共享,与公共图书馆合作。     

Sustainable innovation in wastewater management: lessons for nutrient recovery and reuse

Urine diversion (UD) has great potential to contribute to sustainably managing wastewater by separating urine at the source and recovering nutrients for reuse in agriculture. While factors enabling the UD technology in Sweden are thought to involve policies supporting nutrient recovery/reuse, on closer inspection, the variable success of UD systems has revealed that critical factors for success also relate to human-centred issues of social organisation, participation and incorporation of social knowledges of a variety of stakeholders into the decision-making process in which new technologies are trialled and adopted. Through the analytical lens of strategic niche management, we consider how early experimentation in UD has involved user participation and whether internal processes of learning, networking and visioning have been consciously considered and to what effect. As niche experiments are enabled/disabled not only by informal institutions such as values and social norms but also formal regulatory institutions, we have concurrently analysed the broader environment in which policies and institutions influence, to varying degrees, the uptake of UD.