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341.
For the development process in the rapidly growing economies, knowledge transfer and technology cooperation are becoming important issues. Research and technological competences are key indicators for the absorptive capacity of sustainability technologies and for the ability to export them. These issues are analyzed empirically for Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). Sustainability related research in BRICS is mostly carried out within broader, more sector oriented programmes. Specialization patterns of international patents and in foreign trade indicate various strengths and weaknesses of the BRICS countries. The differences within the countries imply that the analysis must proceed at a technology specific level. China has considerable capabilities in technologies such as photovoltaics, solar thermal or buildings. There is a strong need for strategic positioning of the countries and for coordination of the various policy fields involved. 相似文献
342.
循环经济概念下的资源稀缺已由传统经济下的含义扩展为生存与发展环境的稀缺。从资源稀缺的角度出发,在定义了资源稀缺度的基础上探讨并构建了企业适应力模型,得出企业只有进行循环经济创新才能在资源稀缺的情况下生存和发展的结论。在此基础上,给出了企业的战略行为模型。 相似文献
343.
区域环境技术创新能力是决定区域产业发展水平、经济实力增长的关键,是区域可持续竞争优势的源泉.本文通过搜集环境技术创新投入、产出与关联的相关变量和数据;利用Q型聚类方法,提取最具代表性的变量指标;然后对缩减后的变量作因子分析,提取主成分,随之,按照各区域的主成分值进行聚类,确定各区域所属类别,并采用判别分析方法,对各区域所属类别进行检验、调整.结果显示:第一类地区主要包括海南在内的经济发展较为落后、生态环境遭受破坏相对较少的我国西部地区;第二类地区主要集中在技术引进与吸收能力强、区域内企业实力强、人力资本积聚能力强的东部和中部地区;第三类地区主要集中在我国农业产业发展历史悠久,但随着农业向工业快速发展,所遭受的环境破坏也愈发严重的中部地区;第四类地区主要包括辽宁、四川等我国工业制造业最集中和发达的地区;第五类地区则是我国市场经济发展最完善、环保方面的经济活动表现相对较优的东南沿海地区.最后,结合各类别地区环境技术创新的实际状况与原因,针对性地提出对策,为提升各区域环境技术创新能力提供参考. 相似文献
344.
In the context of global climate change,the internalization of negative externality,which is brought about by the traditional mode of economic growth,has become an inevitable choice.In order to achieve the internalization,it is necessary to make innovations on the market mechanism and system,find the value of environmental capital,establish a new mode of economic growth based on environmental capital,and then transform the environmental capital,an exogenous factor of economic growth,into an endogenous factor.Of this,the key of market mechanism and system innovation is the financial innovation that is based on environmental capital and negative externality;the government defines the initial property right of environmental resources and establishes environment energy trading market,so as to guide enterprises to trade environmental resources(represented by carbon emission permit trading) based on the Clean Development Mechanism,and to vigorously develop environmental finance and carbon finance. 相似文献
345.
随着经济社会发展以及“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念在全社会的深化,迫切需要解决生态服务的区域外部性问题。正外部性内部化是实现生态服务价值的重要手段,主要包括政府购买、协议补偿、生态商品、创建市场等方式。生态正外部性的价值可以通过生态要素的直接市场、包含于生态商品的间接价值以及基于成本—收益的生态补偿标准来确定,而现有的协议补偿标准多基于上游地区的保护成本,应将发展的机会成本作为参考依据。最后,从机制上将收益内部化转变为主体内部化,可以从根本上解决保护与收益主体分离带来的一系列生态保护与经济发展的冲突问题。 相似文献
346.
Transfer of Australian environmental research on the insecticide endosulfan to Anhui Province, China
Turlough F. Guerin 《环境科学学报(英文版)》1999,11(4):443-448
IntroductionTechnologytransfer,orextension(atthelocallevel),istheprocessofmovinginnovationsfromtheirorigintotheirpointofoperation.Innovationsmayincludescientificandtechnicalknowledge,ideas,services,inventionsandproducts.Technologyadoptionistheimpleme… 相似文献
347.
Tom Henfrey Giuseppe Feola Gil Penha-Lopes Filka Sekulova Ana Margarida Esteves 《Sustainable Development》2023,31(1):211-222
This paper explores the actual and potential contributions of community-led initiatives (CLIs) to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). As examples of self-determined practical action for sustainability and social justice, CLIs prefigure many of the intended outcomes of the SDGs. Existing evidence shows that CLIs are already contributing, at local scale, to almost all of the SDGs, and achieving particular success in bringing different goals into synergy. However, these achievements are based on ethics, guiding philosophies, issue framings, practical goals and ways of organising that differ significantly from those behind the formulation and delivery of the SDGs. Embracing those differences, and with them greater plurality and ongoing critical self-reflection, would allow the SDGs to transcend certain self-limiting contradictions, particularly concerning the role of economic growth. Such a shift in orientation is essential if the SDGs are to move from reinforcing to challenging the root causes of unsustainability and injustice. 相似文献
348.
Hui Tian;Jiaqi Qin;Chaoyin Cheng;Sohail Ahmad Javeed;Tiansi Chu; 《Sustainable Development》2024,32(1):455-480
Global climate change is becoming an increasingly serious issue. China, the largest carbon emitter, has a long way towards its sustainable development goals (SDGs) and take on its carbon reduction responsibility, especially in the industrial sector. In this vein, industrial intelligence, a key driver in the “Industry 4.0 era”, offers an opportunity in this carbon reduction campaign. This paper seeks to examine the influences of industrial intelligence on carbon emissions, their heterogeneous characteristics and transmission mechanisms, and the moderating role of human capital. Therefore, we properly probed theoretical aspects, and then we used China's provincial data from 2006 to 2019 and a number of tests, namely the fixed effect model, the two-stage test, and the moderating effect model, to test the relevant assumptions. We first unfolded that industrial intelligence can significantly mitigate carbon emissions. Specifically, the heterogeneous analysis found that carbon reduction efforts are more pronounced in China's central and western regions and resource-based regions. We further highlight the mechanism identification, which reveals that industrial structure upgrading and technological innovation are the main channels for industrial intelligence to abate CO2 emissions. Importantly, we pinpoint the role of human capital, which positively moderates the relationship between industrial intelligence and carbon emissions and can well amplify the industrial structure effect of industrial intelligence. These results are conducive to accurately assessing the environmental benefits of industrial intelligence and providing policy enlightenment for China to alleviate carbon emissions, and they will also offer a reference for other developing countries to learn from. 相似文献
349.
为深入探究我国突发公共卫生事件风险沟通领域的知识生产状况与发展逻辑,运用文献计量法与内容分析法,系统梳理中国知网234篇核心文献。首先,通过量化统计总结知识生产态势;其次,利用Citespace软件构建知识生产主体与载体以及核心议题可视化知识图谱,分析知识生产现状;最后,通过分析文献内容,梳理知识生产的内容逻辑与过程逻辑。结果表明:当前,我国突发公共卫生事件风险沟通知识生产受“推力”与“拉力”共同驱动;存在明显学科交叉趋势;知识生产内容体系初具雏形;知识生产方法具有多样化特征。 相似文献
350.
为发挥工业园区统筹规划的作用,探索以清洁生产为核心的减污降碳整体解决方案,构建工业园区层面的清洁生产审核模式,本文回归清洁生产的“环境战略”的本质,对工业园区清洁生产审核内涵进行深入剖析和重新定义,将其视为园区综合治理手段,来推进清洁生产工作。通过规范分析方法,围绕清洁生产审核对象、组织形式、审核方法、管理制度、评价指标体系五个方面,探讨工业园区清洁生产审核的创新路径。研究通过优化传统审核模式的审核流程、技术方法和评价规则,探索园区层面的清洁生产推进模式,有效提升园区清洁生产水平。以节约资源、降低能耗、减污降碳、提质增效为方向,建立具有较强推广性和可复制性的工业园区清洁生产审核模式。 相似文献