平原水库对周边地下水及土壤的影响——以黄河三角洲耿井水库为例

在黄河三角洲耿井水库周围布设不同边界条件的地下水监测井和土壤监测点,进行为期1年的定点采样和化验,对地下水矿化度和土壤含盐量的监测分析表明,减轻平原水库对环境不利影响的关键是修建防渗与截渗辅助工程,以避免周边土地的盐渍化.     

Information requirements of integrated environmental policy experiences in the Netherlands

During the last few years in the Netherlands an integrated environmental policy has been developed. Solving environmental problems by means of effective and efficient solutions requires that the entire environmental cycle be considered in order to take all relevant compartments and aspects into account. Four different phases can be identified during the treatment of an environmental problem by management: recognition, formulation, solution, and control.Some qualitative and quantitative aspects of the information demand of environmental policy are explored. Special attention is given to the consequences of the integral approach in environmental policy in terms of information requirements. The process of information supply starts with an analysis of the demand. Subsequently data from the environmental cycle have to be selected, aggregated, and presented adequately. Further, integrated environmental policy puts increased demands on the associative power of environmental information systems.     

长江三角洲开发区建设与发展的比较研究

长江三角洲是我国沿海规模最大的经济区 ,上海市、江苏沿江的南京、镇江、扬州、泰州、苏州、无锡、常州、南通等八市、浙江省的嘉兴、湖州、杭州、宁波、绍兴、舟山等六市都属于长江三角洲经济区的范围 ,土地总面积 996 87.5km2 ,占全国土地总面积的 1%。 1998年全区人口 74 4 5 .6 9万人 ,GDP总量 12 70 1.39亿元。长江三角洲是我国经济最发达 ,人口分布最密集 ,城市化水平最高的地区之一。阐明了长江三角洲开发区建设和发展的基本特征。指出 ,长江三角洲是我国对外开放最早 ,开发区建设数量最多 ,类型最齐全的地区 ,它拥有经济技术开发区、高新技术开发区、农业现代化园区、旅游度假区和保税区等多种类型。经过多年来的开发建设 ,长江三角洲开发区投资的基础设施环境和社会软环境都很好 ,在招商引资方面取得了巨大成就。这些开发区已经成为了其地方经济新的增长点 ,新的制造业基地 ,高科技发展基地 ,外商投资和跨国公司的集聚地。通过对上海、江苏、浙江各种类型开发区的外商投资规模、产业经济结构、城市建设功能和外向型经济格局的比较 ,揭示了长江三角洲开发区建设和发展的区域差异。明确了上海开发区建设在长江三角洲的龙头地位 ,分析了浙江省开发区建设落后于江苏省的主要原因 ,总结出了愈靠近     

珠江三角洲经济区可持续发展空间差异的研究

本文以经济、社会和资源环境为基础 ,构建珠江三角洲经济区可持续发展的指标体系 ,并用主成分分析法 ,分析和阐述该区可持续发展的空间分异规律。分析结果客观地反映了珠江三角洲经济区的发展现状 ,可为决策管理部门制定可持续发展方案提供参考依据     

黄土高原半干旱区侧柏林群落土壤呼吸日变化及季节动态变化特征

Desertification is one of the most serious eco-environmental problems around Qinghai Lake. Based on GIS and RS, GIS analysis was used to obtain the information of spatial-temporal change and different pattern of desertification in each county around Qinghai Lake in four phases of 1976, 1987, 1995 and 2006. Using the function of intersect and overlay supported by ARCGIS, with analyzing attributes of vector RS images, we obtained transition data and established transfer matrix of land-use types in recent 30 years, besides, protracted land-use transition maps of all desertification classes. In further, we analyzed transition quantity and direction of desertification in each county, moreover, reconstructed the process of spatial-temporal evolution of desertification. The results are showed below: (1) it′s the transition between desertified land and others but not in the desertified that played the main role in Gangcha and Gonghe County, while the transfer between desertified lands were greater than that with other land-use types in Haiyan County. (2) Extremely severe desertified land mainly distributes in Ketu and Sand Islands that belongs to Haiyan County, and moderate desertified land in riversides of Gangcha County, also, the light desertification expanded too rapidly to become the most desertified land-use type in the surrounding of Qinghai Lake since 1976. (3) By using relative change rate of desertified land, the regional variability rank from top to toe was Gangcha, Haiyan and Gonghe.     

Commuting partners, dual residences and the meaning of home

The experience of home is one of the most basic of daily-life experiences. Traditionally, the home is grounded in a specific place; in commuter partnerships, however, for part of the time one partner lives near the workplace and away from the family residence. This paper provides insight into the sense of home that relates to the dual-residence situation of a commuter partnership. The meaning of the residence near the workplace is analysed through three dimensions: material, activity patterns, and social. We further classified each dimension in a continuum of meanings of space, place or home. Empirical evidence comes from in-depth interviews with 30 commuter couples in the Netherlands. The results show that the material dimension is most often used to create a sense of home. The activity patterns are primarily focused on the job. The social dimension is the most difficult way of experiencing a home because there is yet a strong relationship between being with one's family and experiencing a sense of home. As a result, many feel as living two separated lives: a work life and a private life. Only a small minority experiences the commuter dwelling as a home away from home in all its three dimensions.     

基于职能控制下的环境保护和管理措施

当今世界面临的环境危机使人类认识到人必须和环境和谐发展。环境保护人人有责,企业应做好环境保护的事前和过程的控制,要用新的理论技术充实环保管理的内容,强化环境控制职能。本文用环境工程、系统工程、控制论的原理和方法探讨研究企业在环保管理中如何强化控制职能的理论和方法,为企业在"环境和发展"所面临的挑战中采取相应的管理对策抛砖引玉。     

建设项目竣工环保验收存在的问题及对策建议

随着我国建筑建设的城镇化、现代化进程加快,为提升人民的生活质量带来了保障,由于建筑规模以及项目的增加,加剧了环境问题。在强调低碳经济的现代化社会,应该加强对建筑项目竣工验收工作的环保监测,针对竣工验收不环保的问题采取对策,促进建筑施工的绿色化发展。基于此,本文将针对当前建筑项目环保验收存在的问题展开探讨,并提出相应对策。     

Development of inherent safety and health index for formulated product design

The numerous formulated products which are introduced to the market consist of chemical ingredients that may cause various safety and health hazards to the consumers. Therefore, it is extremely important to practice a systematic methodology to formulate products with acceptable safety and health performances. This work presents an index-based methodology to assess the safety and health hazards of the ingredients during the early formulation stage of product design. Hence, new inherent safety and health sub-indexes are introduced to improve the current safety and health hazards that are needed in formulated product design. The inherent safety and health sub-indexes are assigned with scores based on the degree of potential hazards. A higher score indicates a higher safety risk or severe health effect, and vice versa. The proposed methodology will greatly assist the users to identify the adverse safety and health effects caused by the ingredients. Hence, it is pivotal to eliminate or reduce the safety and health impacts from product usage. A case study on common ingredients used in the formulation of paint is presented on this study to describe the proposed method.     

吉林省生态环境保护“十四五”规划的初步思考

"十四五"是在打赢污染防治攻坚战、全面建成小康社会的基础上,加快实现2035年基本建成美丽中国"吉林样板"的关键五年。研究报告在对吉林省"十三五"生态环境保护成效及存在的主要问题、"十四五"生态环境保护面临的机遇和挑战进行分析的基础上,提出了"十四五"全省生态环境保护的总体思路与目标及主要任务。