三峡库区干流崩塌、滑坡的发育特征及危险性评价

本文对三峡库区干流（重庆主城区-巫山段，下同）崩滑体的资料进行了处理、分析，得出了一些有益的结论，并对库区干流崩塌、滑坡进行了危险性分段评价。同时，也计算了重庆市各区县长江干流的崩塌、滑坡危险性指标。     

Nutrient cycling characteristics of Quercus acutissima and Pinus massoniana mixed forest in the Three-Gorge Reservoir area, China

The cycling characteristics of nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P) and potassium(K) of the Quercus acutissima and Pinus massoniana mixed forest, which is the most common forest type in the Three Gorge Reservoir areas in China, were systematically analyzed. The results showed that N, P and K accumulated in the plant pool and in the litter pool, while total N, P, and K were deficient in the soil pool and in the forest systems. Contents of N in the soil of depth 20-40 cm were the key factor limiting growth of trees. The biological outside cycling coefficients were 8.78, 72.5 and 11.7 times of inside cycling coefficients of N, P and K, respectively. 33.92, 10.26 and 15.88 kg of N, P and K return to the litter pool from branches, leaves and throughfall per year, but, 14.31, 1.32 and 10.48 kg of N, P and K return to the soil from litter pool per year respectively. It is clear that 58% of N, 87% of P, and 34% of K are lost by surface runoff per year. 5.49%, 1.30%, and 8.34% of N, P and K withdraw from leaves to branches, 4.99%, 1.99% and 7.30% of N, P and K withdraw from branches to trunks per year,respectively.     

三峡工程对长江中游湖泊生态环境影响及监测因子的优选

根据三峡工程对长江中游湖泊的生态环境影响，优选出了其监测因子，以期通过这些因子的监测，可以较全面、准确地反映长江中游湖泊的生态环境状况与动态变化趋势。     

自行车变速轴零件的冷挤压

自行车变速轴零件的冷挤压是我国早期应用无屑加工技术制造高难度复杂零件的典型范例之一,此文作者针对4种内齿、内棘齿零件冷挤压成形的研制过程,着重介绍了其中一种零件的挤压工艺分析、实际生产工序和所用模具的特点,对长期处于保密状态的技术予以适当解密。     

三峡库区城镇污水处理场建设、运行和产业化的构想

国家决定“十五”期间每年投入9亿,重庆配套3亿用于三峡库区城镇污水处理场建设和生态建设,这一大批污水处理场谁来组织,如何组织,采用什么运行机制,怎样实现污水处理设备产业化,建成之后如何确保稳定运行,无疑都是战略性问题,本文对这些问题作了大胆的探索,认为应进行市场化系统推进。     

Nutrient cycling characteristics of Quercus acutissima and Pinus massoniana mixed forest in the Three Gorge Reservoir area, China

The cycling characteristics of nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P) and potassium(K) of the Quercus acutissima and Pinus massonianamixed forest which is the most common forest type in the Three Gorge Reservoir areas in China, were systematically analyzed. The results showed that N, P and K accumulated in the plant pool and in the litter pool, while total N, P, and K were deficient in the soil pool and in the forest systems. Contents of N in the soil of depth 20—40 cm were the key factor limiting growth of trees. The biological outside cycling coefficients were 8.78, 72.5 and 11.7 times of inside cycling coefficients of N, P and K, respectively. 33.92, 10.26 and 15.88 kg of N, P and K return to the litter pool from branches, leaves and throughfall per year, but, 14.31, 1.32 and 10.48 kg of N, P and K return to the soil from litter pool per year respectively. It is clear that 58% of N, 87% of P, and 34% of K are lost by surface runoff per year. 5.49%, 1.30%, and 8.34% of N, P and K withdraw from leaves to branches, 4.99%, 1.99% and 7.30% of N, P and K withdraw from branches to trunks per year, respectively.     

三峡库区堆存垃圾浸出污染物的水质影响模拟

以三峡库区坝前水位135～175m范围的生活垃圾为研究对象,调查分析了其堆存量、空间分布和理化特性;通过污染物溶出动态模拟和放大实验研究,估算了生活垃圾中有机污染物的溶出源强,并运用河流岸边稳态衰减模式计算了不同处置方案对库区水质的影响程度.针对基准方案和135m蓄水期处置方案,分别对库区局部河段水质和干流水质的影响进行了分析比较.结果表明,若采用基准方案,即将淹没区内约600×104t的生活垃圾就地处置,淹没于水中,将会对库区水质安全构成较大的威胁;若采用135m蓄水期处置方案,则水体中CODcr值增加不超过0.03mg·L-1,对库区干流水质的影响较小.     

泥沙沉降对长江水体富营养化相关因素的影响初探

针对三峡库区重庆段蓄水后,泥沙沉降对长江水体富营养化相关因素的影响进行了研究。三峡库区含沙量大,泥沙对水环境的影响不容忽视。为准确预测成库后三峡库区重庆段富营养化的发生,文章通过泥沙沉降对水质影响静态模拟试验,研究了长江原水的泥沙沉降对水体中叶绿素a、透明度、溶解性总磷、溶解性总氮、浊度等指标的影响。结果表明:三峡成库后泥沙更易沉降,引起水体浊度降低、透明度增大,这可能利于藻类的生长,导致叶绿素a的质量浓度增加,同时,泥沙沉降也使水体的溶解性氮磷比增大,对富营养化发生有抑制作用。     

重庆库区不同海拔段繁殖鸟类群落的物种多样性

1996~1997年,对三峡工程重庆库区的鸟类群落的物种组成和种群数量进行了调查,共调查记录库区繁殖鸟类12目40科170种,数量17326只,其中留鸟有104种,占繁殖鸟总数的61.2%,夏侯鸟66种,占38.8%.用秩-多度曲线对不同海拔段的繁殖鸟类群落进行多样性分析的结果显示:1)秩-多度曲线方法的结果比Shannon-Wiener等物种多样性指数更直观,能更全面地反映多样性状况,该曲线可以对不同群落或相同群落在不同时间的物种多样性进行比较,是分析生物多样性的一种最直观的方法;2)人类干扰是影响各海拔段繁殖鸟类群落物种多样性的主要因素,人类干扰越强烈,鸟类群落物种多样性越低.图2表3参20     

Energy of forest systems in the Three Gorge Reservoir Area

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