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71.
Amado LL Rosa CE Castro MR Votto AP Santos LC Marins LF Trindade GS Fraga DS Damé RC Barros DM Geracitano LA Bianchini A de la Torre FR Monserrat JM 《Chemosphere》2011,82(11):1563-1570
This study analyzed water quality in regions around Patos lagoon (Southern Brazil) that are under anthropogenic pressure. Water samples were collected from five different sites, including one used as a source for human consumption (COR) and others known to be influenced by human activities (IP). Danio rerio (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) organisms were exposed for 24 h to these water samples, plus a control group. It was observed that: (1) reactive oxygen species levels were lower in COR and IP than in the control group; (2) glutamate-cysteine ligase (catalytic subunit) expression was higher in COR than in other sites; (3) exposure to all water samples affected long-term memory (LTM) when compared to control group. Thus, some water samples possess the ability to modulate the antioxidant system and to induce a decline in cognitive functions, as measured by LTM. The obtained results indicate that a combination of variables of different organization level (molecular, biochemical and behavioral) can be employed to analyze water quality in impacted regions. 相似文献
72.
Neyva M.L. Romeiro Rigoberto G.S. Castro Eliandro R. Cirilo Paulo L. Natti 《Ecological modelling》2011,222(11):1888-1896
This article presents results concerning the local calibration of the transport parameters (longitudinal and transversal diffusions and decay coefficient) for a two-dimensional problem of water quality at Igapó I Lake, located in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil, using fecal coliforms as an indicator of water quality. The simulation of fecal coliforms concentrations all over the water body is conducted by means of a structured discretization of the geometry of Igapó I Lake, together with the finite difference and finite element methods. By using the velocity field, modeled by the Navier-Stokes and Poisson equations, the flow of fecal coliforms is described by means of a transport model, which considers advective and diffusive processes, as well as a process of fecal coliforms decay. In the checkpoint, the longitudinal and transversal diffusion coefficients and the coliforms decay coefficient that best fitted the value of the fecal coliforms concentration were Dx = Dy = 0.001 m2/h and k = 0.5 d−1 = 0.02083 h−1. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the numerical simulations conducted in function of the diffusion coefficients and of the coliforms decay parameter provided a better understanding of the local water quality at Igapó I Lake. 相似文献
73.
Klopchin JL Stewart JR Webster LF Sandifer PA 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,137(1-3):301-313
Morgan Island, located within the ACE Basin National Estuarine Research Reserve in South Carolina, is home to the only free-ranging
colony of rhesus monkeys (Macca mulatta) in the continental United States. The purpose of this study was to assess environmental impacts of the monkey colony on
water quality in adjacent tidal creeks and on island vegetation. Three tidal creeks were sampled: Morgan Creek, adjacent to
the monkey colony; Back Creek, on Morgan Island not adjacent to the colony; and Rock Creek, on a nearby island unoccupied
by monkeys. Temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, nutrients and fecal coliform bacteria were measured six times at
three sites in each of these creeks, and vegetation change analysis was conducted in a geographic information system using
satellite imagery. Results showed elevated fecal coliform concentrations in the Morgan Creek site immediately adjacent to
the colony, though no samples exceeded the standard set for recreational water use. Ribotyping reconnaissance matched four
Escherichia coli isolates from Morgan and Back Creeks to the monkeys, identifying the colony as one source of fecal coliform bacteria, though
relative source loadings could not be quantified. Significant differences were not observed between ammonia or orthophosphate
levels in Morgan Creek relative to the other creeks tested; and vegetation change analysis showed a 35% increase in canopy
cover between 1979 and 1999. Overall, these results suggest that the rhesus colony’s environmental impacts are localized and
minimal. Results from this study provide baseline data on Morgan Island and may be useful in management decisions regarding
the future of the monkey colony. 相似文献
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关于水污染物排放总量的核定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
系统分析了水污染物排放总量核定不同层次的信息关联和相关的特征信息间的相互关系,指出城市是最基本的总量核定对象;阐述了现行环境监测与环境管理制度对水污染物排放总量核定存在着不完全信息问题;指出环境管理部门不掌握的部分排污总量信息对总量控制整体的影响相当大,应对排污总量进行全面、科学的核定。 相似文献
76.
通过一年的总量排污收费实际征收,本文用实践经验,从确定征收标准的原则、 测算样本、数据的统计分析三方面,结合郑州市的实际情况,对水污染物和大气污染物征收标准的确定进行了探讨, 特别是在数据的统计分析方面,通过不同的统计方法计算出不同的统计结果,说明了制定统计方法的重要性,提出了科学合理的统计分析方法。同时简述了确定试点征收标准时应注意的一些问题。 相似文献
77.
在落实环境总量控制系统优化方案问题上各局中人之间往往存在着众多矛盾和冲突。本文运用决策分析理论,以水环境总量控制为例建立了协调对策原理与方法,提出了对系统整体和各局中人都易于接受的协商谈判所应遵循的基本原则和系统方案。 相似文献
78.
为了实施总量控制,在大气环境质量未达标区制定大气污染物排放削减量优化分配方案。得出污染源年度削减限量;在空气质量达标区.依照允许的地面浓度增量,将大气污染物允许排放指标合理地分配到源,以保证经济的持续发展;在大气环境管理中逐步建立起计算机辅助决策支持系统和完善的监测系统。 相似文献
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