现行收费政策与污染物排放总量控制政策探讨

着重讨论了现行收费政策中存在的一些亟待解决的问题，提出改革现行收费政策的几个原则，探讨了按污染物排放总量收费应执行的原则和收费标准     

实施总量控制与环境技术市场发展

实施总量控制为环境技术市场的发展创造了条件，对环保产业提出了更高的要求，也将推动环境技术市场竞争正常化。     

生物膜填料塔处理浓度有机废气的工业应用试验研究

工业应用试验研究表明，生物膜填料塔处理工业有机废气是可行的，当运行条件控制适当时，净化效率可保持在90％以上，能够实现达标排放，这一成果填补了我国环保工业技术领域的空白，工程技术上接近现阶段国外的技术研究水平。     

未熟-低熟烃源岩的有机岩石学特征

采用全岩光片镜鉴和显微荧光分析方法 ,对我国不同地区 5 0 0余块未熟 低熟烃源岩样品进行了系统的有机岩石学研究。未熟 低熟烃源岩显微组分组成具有显著的非均质性 ,不同地区显示出陆源组分与水生生源组分不同的“配比”关系 ,反映出其有机质组成的复杂性 ,并确认藻类体、孢子体、树脂体、木栓质体、壳屑体和矿物沥青基质等组分是其最常见的生烃组分。基于对镜质组反射率Ro和孢子体荧光变化等演化指标特征的分析 ,认为未熟 低熟烃源岩有机质早期热演化具有明显的阶段性 ,一般都表现为“二段式”变化 ,其变化界限大致以Ro等于 0 .5 0 %～ 0 .5 5 %为界。     

11种有机磷农药对海洋微藻致毒效应的研究

通过研究不同盐度条件下１１种有机磷农药对扁藻的相对增长率和叶绿素ａ含量的影响，得到了Ｓ＝３０和Ｓ＝２０时的半数有效浓度，并比较其大小。盐度作为环境因子，影响到有机磷农药的毒性。研究发现，遥有机磷农药在低浓度时出现一定限度的促生长作用；容易进攻细胞膜的有机磷农药对扁藻的致毒性相对较强；此外，有机磷农药的毒性大小与其结构密切相关含有苯环结构的有机磷农药毒性大小不含有苯 有机磷农药的毒性。     

Carbon Budget Implications of the Transition from Natural to Managed Disturbance Regimes in Forest Landscapes

Land-use change from an unmanaged to a managed forested landscape in northern forests is associated with a reduction of the area annually affected by natural disturbances (wildfires and forest insects) and the introduction of harvesting as a new disturbance. This study examined the impacts of changes in the disturbance regime-the frequency and type of disturbance-on landscape-level carbon (C) content and fluxes. The Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector was used to assess these impacts in six representative landscapes (100,000 ha each) with a range of disturbance regimes that are characteristic of conditions in coastal British Columbia, the interior of British Columbia, and the eastern boreal forest in Canada. The model was used to simulate ecosystem C fluxes during a period of natural disturbances, a 50-year transition period during which harvesting replaced natural disturbances, followed by 150 years of harvesting. The initial landscape-level biomass C content under natural disturbance regimes in the six example landscapes was 22 to 75% of their potential maximum content which is often used as the reference or baseline case. After 200 years of forest management, the C stored in the landscape plus the C retained in forest products manufactured from harvested biomass was between 58 and 101% of the landscape C content prior to the onset of harvesting. Landscape-level ecosystem C content was found to be affected by changes in the disturbance frequency, the age-dependence of the disturbance probabilities, and the disturbance-specific impacts on ecosystem C content. The results indicate that using the potential maximum C content of a landscape as the baseline always overestimates the actual C release due to land use change. A more meaningful procedure would be to assess the actual differences in landscape-level C content between the natural and the managed disturbance regime.     

烟气脱硫(FGD)工程设计框架

在国家实施“总量控制”和“两控区”的重要环境保护政策下,烟气脱硫（ＦＧＤ）工程提到了可持续发展的议事日程,实施ＦＧＤ工程是投资大、直接经济效益不显著的环境工程。因此在全面论述实施ＦＧＤ工程的设计框架,即各设计阶段应考虑的几个重大因素和必须遵循的一系列规则基础上,着重对目前国内外主要的ＦＧＤ工艺进行了技术经济分析评述,提出选择ＦＧＤ工艺的８条重要原则。供重大决策参考和推动环境目标的实现。     

经济合理地推行总量控制计划

目前，我国正大力推行排放污染物总量控制计划。本文探讨了如何更经济更合理地实施控制计划，如何以最小的代价实际控制目标。     

饮用水中五种有机磷农药的快速检测法

本文介绍了使用Ｗａｔｅｒｓ ＯＡＳＩＳ－ＨＬＢ固相萃取小柱从水中分离富集敌百虫、敌敌畏、乐果、甲基对硫磷，对硫磷五种有机磷农药的快速检测法。     

柴油添加剂的研究——有机钡盐的消烟助燃作用

本文介绍一种以有机钡盐为主的复合型柴油添加剂,其主要成分是过氧化钡与环烷酸在焦化汽油中反应所生成的环烷酸钡。台架实验结果表明,该添加剂在柴油中添加量为0.5—1.5‰(重量,以钡计)时,取得了消烟率40.9—66.3％、节能0.36—4.42％的效果。行车试验也证明本添加剂具有优良的消烟节能作用,当添加量为1.0‰(重量,以钡计)时,平均消烟率为67.7％,节油5.21％。