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GIS技术在环境影响评价中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为了研究地理信息系统(GIS) 在环境影响评价中的应用,在介绍地理信息系统的组成、类型、功能和应用领域的基础上,分析了GIS 技术在环境影响评价中的优势.从项目环境影响评价(EIA) 的局限性出发,简述了目前EIA 的研究现状,同时概述了地理信息系统(GIS) 的功能和应用,重点讨论了环境影响评价领域中应用地理信息系统的现状、必要性及其展望. 相似文献
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生态旅游及其可持续发展战略研究之二--生态旅游的可持续发展模式探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为衡平旅游开发过程中的经济与环保利益,作为一种全新旅游理念与旅游发展形式的“生态旅游”应运而生,也对传统旅游结构的演变提出挑战,本文通过对“生态旅游”的可持续发展的目标、原则及模式的选择等问题解析,以求能为结合“经济效益”、“生态支柱”、“文化内涵”的新型旅游发展模式提出思考。 相似文献
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Robert B. Olshansky 《Environmental management》1996,20(1):11-23
The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) has evolved from a mini-NEPA, first enacted in 1970, into a procedural act
that affects the approval process of all large developments in California. In 1990, California local governments produced
over 1600 environmental impact reports and 30,000 initial studies under CEQA. Because of its widespread use, CEQA has periodically
drawn the attention of the state legislature, most recently in 1993, when over 60 CEQA reform bills were introduced. This
paper describes the CEQA process and evaluates its success at meeting its explicit and implicit goals. The research includes
a statewide survey of CEQA practice, sent to the planning departments of all 513 local governments in California in 1991.
Survey respondents agreed that CEQA helps in evaluating environmental impacts, reducing impacts, informing the public, and
coordinating public agency review. It is effective in reducing the environmental impacts of individual projects, but is not
as effective in improving environmental quality on an areawide scale. This research concludes that CEQA has led to positive
outcomes and is not as deeply flawed as many of its critics claim. Still, CEQA as currently designed may not be the optimal
vehicle for ensuring environmental quality. 相似文献
96.
The Finnish anthropogenic CH4 emissions in 1990 are estimated to be about 250 Gg, with an uncertainty range extending from 160 to 440 Gg. The most important sources are landfills and animal husbandry. The N2O emissions, which come mainly from agriculture and the nitric acid industry are about 20 Gg in 1990 (uncertainty range 10–30 Gg). The development of the emissions to the year 2010 is reviewed in two scenarios: the base and the reduction scenarios.According to the base scenario, the Finnish CH4 emissions will decrease in the near future. Emissions from landfills, energy production, and transportation will decrease because of already decided and partly realized volume and technical changes in these sectors. The average reduction potential of 50%, as assumed in the reduction scenario, is considered achievable.N2O emissions, on the other hand, are expected to increase as emissions from energy production and transportation will grow due to an increasing use of fluidized bed boilers and catalytic converters in cars. The average reduction potential of 50%, as assumed in the reduction scenario, is optimistic.Anthropogenic CH4 and N2O emissions presently cause about 30% of the direct radiative forcing due to Finnish anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. This share would be even larger if the indirect impacts of CH4 were included. The contribution of CH4 can be controlled due to its relatively short atmospheric lifetime and due to the existing emission reduction potential. Nitrous oxide has a long atmospheric lifetime and its emission control possiblities are limited consequently, the greenhouse impact of N2O seems to be increasing even if the emissions were limited somehow. 相似文献
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目前环境影响评价普遍存在滞后现象和水平低及周期长等问题,提出广泛开展环评法宣传教育;加强环评队伍建设,提高环评人员的素质;把环评纳入总量控制轨道,突出浓度与总量同时评价;大众参与以及进一步规范和完善环境影响报告书的审批等对策与措施. 相似文献
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