Disposal of Coal Fly Ash at A Deep Water Site in the Eastern Mediterranean Off Israel - Six Years of Monitoring

Coal fly ash (CFA) is dumped at a deep sea disposal site (1,500m water depth) in the eastern Mediterranean, ca. 70km off the Israeli shore. Since 1989, about one million tons of CFA were dumped at the 200km² allocated area. Six years of monitoring at the dump-site shows that the CFA is heterogeneously distributed; there are areas where CFA covers about 1.3cm depth of the sea floor while at others no CFA is found. CFA is present as a fine powder, small aggregates and even as large blocks both in the dump-site as well as at its peripheries. Cadmium, copper and zinc concentrations in the CFA decreased as a result of the prolonged contact with sea water at in situ conditions while inconclusive changes in mercury, iron and manganese were detected. No changes were observed for lead, iron and aluminium concentrations. A controlled long term field experiment, now in progress at the site, is expected to clarify further chemical changes occurring in the CFA.     

烟台西港倾倒区海域浮游生物的群落特征

分析了倾倒活动结束后烟台西港倾倒区海域浮游生物的群落结构特征。结果表明,浮游植物群落具有硅藻为主、甲藻为次的特征,生态性质以温带近岸性物种为主。倾倒区停用后,硅藻数量大幅增加。桡足类、浮游幼虫及毛颚类的强壮箭虫是浮游动物群落的主要组成。浮游动物丰度、生物量与浮游植物丰度变化趋势大体一致。多样性分析表明,浮游生物群落结构比较稳定,倾倒区海域生态环境质量尚好。     

Inputs of antifouling paint-derived dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) to a typical mariculture zone (South China): potential impact on aquafarming environment

Existing evidence indicated that dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)-containing antifouling paints were an important source of DDT residues to mariculture zones. However, the magnitude of the impact on aquafarming environment has remained largely unknown. In the present study, the concentrations of DDT and its metabolites (designated as DDXs) were determined in harbor sediment and antifouling paint samples collected from a typical mariculture zone in South China. Compositional and concentration correlation analyses implicated the DDT-containing antifouling paints for fishing boat maintenance as an important source of DDT in the mariculture zone. The annual emission of DDXs to the study region was estimated at 0.58 tons/yr. Furthermore, a comparison of the expected DDT loadings in pelagic fish and field measurements indicated that fish feed especially trash fish was a major source of DDTs in the fish body. Nevertheless, the use of DDT-containing antifouling paints should be limited to prevent further deterioration in aquafarming environment.     

坑口电厂排土场废弃物排放的环境影响及防治措施

阐述了坑口电站排土场废弃物排放对环境产生的影响并提出了排土场污染防治措施．     

Overview of Radioactive Waste Disposal at Sea

For hundreds of years, the seas have been used as a place to dispose of wastes from human activities. Although no high level radioactive waste has been disposed of into the sea, variable amounts of packaged low level radioactive wastes have been dumped at 47 sites in the northern part of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. in 1946 the first sea dumping operation took place at a site in the North-East Pacific Ocean. the last dumping operation was in 1982, at a site off the European continental shelf in the Atlantic Ocean. Between these two dates, an estimated 46 PBq (1.24 MCi) of radioactive waste coming from research, medical, military and industrial activities have been disposed of at sea. the present trend, through the Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and other Matter and other Regional Conventions, points towards the prohibition of the dumping of any radioactive waste into the marine environment.     

青岛海洋倾倒区海水水质模糊综合评价

基于1985～2003年青岛海洋倾倒区水质监测资料,应用环境质量分级与评价的模糊综合-加权平均复合模型对青岛倾倒区海水水质现状及1985～2003年各年度海水水质进行了综合评价,并在此基础上分析了18 a间的海水水质变化趋势.结果表明:20世纪90年代由于受倾倒的疏浚物中污染物影响,海水水质较差,均为Ⅱ级水质,2000年后海水水质一直维持良好,均为Ⅰ级水质.历年水质优劣顺序为:2000＞2002＞2003＞1997＞1985＞1991年.     

海洋倾倒导致生态环境变化实例研究

以青岛海洋倾倒区为例,研究海洋倾倒导致的海洋生态环境变化.根据1985～2003年对青岛海洋倾倒区及附近海域的调查资料,研究倾倒引起的海水水质、沉积物和生物种群的变化.结果表明,20世纪90年代海洋倾倒导致海水水质和底质沉积物受到一定程度污染,其它时段环境质量状况较好,这主要与倾倒的疏浚物中所含污染物有关.海洋倾倒导致生物种群结构发生了较大变化,浮游植物的许多优势种已不复存在,底栖生物尤其是多毛类的生物种类、生物量已经有了较大的降低.     

胶州湾外海洋倾倒区表层沉积物中的重金属及其潜在生态风险

依据2003～2008年6 a间所获得的胶州湾外海洋倾倒区沉积物重金属(Cr、Hg、Cd、Pb、Zn、Cu)的调查数据,重点分析了2007年8月倾倒区重金属的分布特征和影响因素,并对重金属的潜在生态风险及6 a的年际变化趋势进行了初步的分析评价.结果表明,2007年8月调查海域沉积物表层中Cr、Hg、Cd、Pb、Zn、...     

营口鲅鱼圈港疏浚物倾倒区最优化选择

本文首先将层次分析法应用于倾废区选划上。该法是一种能较好地解决定性与定量相结合的复杂问题的多准则决策方法。经过几年的验证，选择的倾倒区合理。     

Organochlorine pesticides in surface soils and sediments from obsolete pesticides dumping site near Lahore city,Pakistan: contamination status and their distribution

Surface soil and sediment samples were collected from the surroundings of Lila stream, which passes through the obsolete pesticides dumping area Kalashah Kaku near Lahore city, to evaluate the residual levels of 19 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), their distribution and potential sources. OCPs followed the order: ∑ DDT>∑ HCH>dicofol>endrin>heptachlor>dieldrin. Ratios of β to γ-HCH highlighted an old source of technical HCH in the study area, whereas the predominance of p, p′-DDT and p, p′-DDE indicated presence of technical DDT in surface soils. Factor analysis based on principal component analysis identified the origin of OCPs from industrial activities in Kalashah Kaku and waste dumping from Ittehad Chemical Industries via open drains into Lila stream. Greater levels of DDTs and HCHs above quality guideline pose potential exposure risk to biological organisms, safety of agricultural products and human health in the surrounding of Lila stream.