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61.
62.
In this paper, elimination of two types of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), chlorpyrifos and diazinon spiked in aqueous solution by ultrasonic irradiation was investigated. Results showed that chlorpyrifos and diazinon could be effectively and rapidly degraded by ultrasonic irradiation, and the degradation of both pesticides was strongly influenced by ultrasonic power, temperature and pH value. Furthermore, two and seven products for the degradation of chlorpyrifos and diazinon formed during ultrasonic irradiation have been identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. The hydrolysis, oxidation, hydroxylation, dehydration and decarboxylation were deduced to contribute to the degradation reaction and the degradation pathway for each pesticide under ultrasonic irradiation was proposed. Finally, the toxicity evaluation indicated that the toxicity decreased for diazinon solution after ultrasonic irradiation, but it increased for chlorpyrifos solution. The detoxification of OPPs by ultrasonic irradiation was discriminative. 相似文献
63.
以城市污水处理厂的脱水污泥为原料,通过超声波细胞破碎制备微生物絮凝剂。采用控制变量法考察污泥浓度、超声波破碎时间对絮凝剂絮凝效果的影响,并探究絮凝液的投加量、pH值、温度、振荡时间、振荡频率、共存金属等因素对5 mg/L Cu^2+模拟废水的去除效果,分析了微生物絮凝剂去除Cu^2+的作用机理。结果表明:当污泥质量浓度为100 g/L,超声波破碎时间15 min时,絮凝剂的絮凝效果最好;当pH值为6.5,温度50℃,絮凝液投加量40 mL,振荡时间1 min,振荡频率200 r/min时去除效果最佳。 相似文献
64.
剩余污泥的超声破解与影响因素程度分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用超声波技术破解污泥絮体及污泥微生物细胞壁结构 ,可使固体性有机物与胞内物质变为溶解性有机物(SCOD)。SCOD溶出率随超声作用时间、声强及声能密度的增加而增加 ,在一定声能密度下 ,SCOD溶出率随时间延长呈线性增长趋势 ,即污泥破解反应遵从一级反应动力学规律。VSS的变化规律同SCOD溶出率的变化规律相似。利用多元统计学中t分布检验方法分析诸因素对破解效果所产生的影响 ,得出各因素影响程度从大至小顺序为 :超声作用时间 >声能密度 >声强 相似文献
65.
In the present work, degradation of rhodamine B, a typical dye effluent commonly observed in chemical processing wastewaters has been investigated using a sonochemical reactor with capacity of 7 L. The reactor consists of an ultrasonic bath equipped with a single large transducer having longitudinal vibrations with operating frequency of 25 kHz and rated power output of 1 kW. The effect of operational conditions such as the rhodamine B initial concentration, operating pH and use of additives such as H(2)O(2), CCl(4) and TiO(2) has been investigated initially. A mathematical model has also been fitted to estimate the rate constant for rhodamine B removal under different operating conditions. Intensification studies have been carried by combining sonochemical oxidation with photocatalytic oxidation under optimized conditions. In all the investigated systems, complete removal of rhodamine B (10 ppm initial concentration) was obtained using a combination of sonochemical reactor and CCl(4). Sonocatalysis (in the presence of TiO(2)) of rhodamine B showed 92% degradation, while sonophotocatalysis gave degradation of 93%. TOC analysis at various optimum conditions was also performed to quantify the extent of mineralization and it was observed that the extent of mineralization is always lower than the extent of removal of parent compound. 相似文献
66.
李衍 《中国特种设备安全》2013,(11):28-32
介绍用相控阵超声检测(PAUT),借助于缺陷衍射回波信号间距和波幅比,改善对缺陷进行定量定性的方法。缺陷快速定性(分类)和准确定量(测高)对在制检测和在用检测很有实用意义。期盼此法迅速推广应用于承压设备检测。 相似文献
67.
Sonication is an effective way for sludge disintegration,which can significantly improve the efficiency of anaerobic digestion to reduce and recycle use of sludge.But high energy consumption limits the wide application of sonication.In order to improve ultrasonic sludge disintegration efficiency and reduce energy consumption,aeration was introduced.Results showed that sludge disintegration efficiency was improved significantly by combining aeration with ultrasound.The aeration flow rate,gas bubble size,ultrasonic density and aeration timing had impacts on sludge disintegration efficiency.Aeration that used in later stage of ultrasonic irradiation with low aeration flow rate,small gas bubbles significantly improved ultrasonic disintegration sludge efficiency.At the optimal conditions of 0.4 W/m L ultrasonic irradiation density,30 m L/min of aeration flow rate,5 min of aeration in later stage and small gas bubbles,ultrasonic sludge disintegration efficiency was increased by 45% and one third of ultrasonic energy was saved.This approach will greatly benefit the application of ultrasonic sludge disintegration and strongly promote the treatment and recycle of wastewater sludge. 相似文献
68.
薄钢板焊缝(5~15mm)手工超声波捡测,越薄难度越大。但只要选用性能好的短前沿、较高频率、大K值的小晶片斜探头,以数字超声检测仪器组合调试好灵敏度,尽可能以直射波手动检测,应用工艺得当,就能取得较理想效果。手动检测是经济、快捷、实用的无损检测方法。 相似文献
69.
超声强化O3氧化技术在水处理中应用的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
综述超声空化效应降解水中有机物的机理及超声强化O3的氧化能力,介绍超声强化O3氧化技术在水处理领域中的应用研究进展。 相似文献
70.
Siqi Li Min Zheng Shuang Wu Yu Xue Yanchen Liu Chengwen Wang Xia Huang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(6):82