全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2777篇 |
免费 | 177篇 |
国内免费 | 95篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 95篇 |
废物处理 | 39篇 |
环保管理 | 1127篇 |
综合类 | 704篇 |
基础理论 | 355篇 |
环境理论 | 44篇 |
污染及防治 | 193篇 |
评价与监测 | 119篇 |
社会与环境 | 267篇 |
灾害及防治 | 106篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 10篇 |
2023年 | 44篇 |
2022年 | 37篇 |
2021年 | 75篇 |
2020年 | 87篇 |
2019年 | 107篇 |
2018年 | 94篇 |
2017年 | 172篇 |
2016年 | 148篇 |
2015年 | 103篇 |
2014年 | 103篇 |
2013年 | 151篇 |
2012年 | 124篇 |
2011年 | 189篇 |
2010年 | 87篇 |
2009年 | 161篇 |
2008年 | 156篇 |
2007年 | 116篇 |
2006年 | 124篇 |
2005年 | 95篇 |
2004年 | 83篇 |
2003年 | 74篇 |
2002年 | 84篇 |
2001年 | 72篇 |
2000年 | 80篇 |
1999年 | 67篇 |
1998年 | 42篇 |
1997年 | 44篇 |
1996年 | 37篇 |
1995年 | 42篇 |
1994年 | 33篇 |
1993年 | 21篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 12篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 16篇 |
1985年 | 23篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有3049条查询结果,搜索用时 171 毫秒
991.
992.
Philippe Quevauviller Author vitae 《Environmental Science & Policy》2011,14(7):722-729
Climate change impacts on the hydrological cycle, e.g. leading to changes of precipitation patterns, have been observed over several decades. Higher water temperatures and changes in extremes hydrometeorological events (including floods and droughts) are likely to exacerbate different types of pressures on water resources with possible negative impacts on ecosystems and human health. In addition, sea-level rise is expected to extend areas of salinisation of groundwater and estuaries, resulting in a decrease of freshwater availability for humans and ecosystems in coastal areas. Furthermore, climate-related changes in water quantity and quality are expected to affect food availability, water access and utilisation, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, as well as the operation of water infrastructure (e.g. hydropower, flood defences, and irrigation systems). This paper serves as an introduction to the special issue of Environment Science & Policy dealing with climate change impacts on water-related disasters. It provides a brief background about relevant EU water policies and examples of EU-funded research trends which illustrate on-going efforts to improve understanding and modelling of climate changes related to the hydrological cycles at scales that are relevant to decision making (possibly linked to policy). 相似文献
993.
FloodProBE: technologies for improved safety of the built environment in relation to flood events 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C.C.D.F. van Ree M.A. Van K. Heilemann M.W. Morris P. Royet C. ZevenbergenAuthor vitae 《Environmental Science & Policy》2011,14(7):874-883
The FloodProBE project started as a FP7 research project in November 2009.Floods, together with wind related storms, are considered the major natural hazard in the EU in terms of risk to people and assets. In order to adapt urban areas (in river and coastal zones) to prevent flooding or to be better prepared for floods, decision makers need to determine how to upgrade flood defences and increasing flood resilience of protected buildings and critical infrastructure (power supplies, communications, water, transport, etc.) and assess the expected risk reduction from these measures.The aim of the FloodProBE-project is to improve knowledge on flood resilience and flood protection performance for balancing investments in flood risk management in urban areas. To this end, technologies, methods and tools for assessment purposes and for the adaptation of new and existing buildings and critical infrastructure are developed, tested and disseminated.Three priority areas are addressed by FloodProBE. These are: (i) vulnerability of critical infrastructure and high-density value assets including direct and indirect damage, (ii) the assessment and reliability of urban flood defences including the use of geophysical methods and remote sensing techniques and (iii) concepts and technologies for upgrading weak links in flood defences as well as construction technologies for flood proofing buildings and infrastructure networks to increase the flood resilience of the urban system.The primary impact of FloodProBE in advancing knowledge in these areas is an increase in the cost-effectiveness (i.e. performance) of new and existing flood protection structures and flood resilience measures. 相似文献
994.
Slobodan Djordjevi? David Butler Philippe Gourbesville Ole Mark Erik PascheAuthor vitae 《Environmental Science & Policy》2011,14(7):864-873
In the context of urban flood management, resilience is equal to resisting, recovering, reflecting and responding. The variety of causes of flooding and their consequences underpin the need for increased and internationally coordinated efforts to enhance technologies and policies for dealing with floods. This paper addresses this issue and presents some novel research ideas related to resilience to flooding in urban areas, which are under development within the EU FP7 project ‘Collaborative research on flood resilience in urban areas’ (CORFU). The approach adopted in this project aims to quantify the cost-effectiveness of resilience measures and integrative and adaptable flood management plans for different scenarios of relevant drivers: urban development, socio-economic trends and climate changes. It is believed that the way in which the different models are being put together, combined with the variability of conditions in case study areas in Asia and in Europe, will ultimately enable more scientifically sound policies for the management of the consequences of urban flooding. 相似文献
995.
996.
海洋环境保护中的公众参与问题与对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
可持续发展的主体是公众,公众也是最终的受益者,因此可持续发展目标的实现在某种程度上取决于公众参与的方式与程度。可以说,公众参与程度已经成为衡量一个国家或者地区环境保护事业发达程度和环境管理水平高低的一个重要标志。相比之下,目前中国公众参与海洋环境保护的意识不强,参与的途径不多,方式也比较单一,同世界上一些先进国家相比,还有一定的差距。在中国海洋环境保护事业中,加强公众参与的力度,不仅有利于搞好环境保护和管理工作,也是符合国际惯例的。本文通过对公众参与涵义、意义与价值、在中国实行过程中存在的各种问题的论述,提出了提高公众参与有效性的相关建议。 相似文献
997.
In river basins that cross jurisdictional boundaries, water quality degradation has become a crucial problem and results in intensive competition among water users, especially in developing countries. Under this situation, implementing water quality management and control across jurisdictional boundaries can strengthen watershed pollution controls, and prevent pollution from being passed on and promote active pollution control within the related jurisdictional regions. This study examined the limitations of the current trans-boundary water quality management system in China and reviewed the planning and implementation of two pilot integrated trans-boundary water management systems established in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Based on our findings, we proposed a new policy framework for trans-boundary water quality management. As a first step toward integrated watershed management in China, this policy framework can help assess the actual water pollution status of various regions and serve as a basis for an integrated watershed management system. The framework can be easily applied in other countries with trans-boundary water pollution issues, particularly in the context of developing countries. 相似文献
998.
Taking the ' 6·13 ′ major gas explosion accident in Shiyan, Hubei Province, China as an example, three problems were studied in this work: (1)The determination of the volume of natural gas involved in the explosion; (2)The propagation process of shock wave inside the building and the damage evolution process of the accident-related building; (3)The overpressure and fragment injury to the person outside the building. Through the numerical simulation in ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, the volume of natural gas involved in the explosion is determined to be 10240 × 1400 × 400 cm (length × width × height) from three perspectives: the damage to the building, the distribution of overpressure inside the building, and the TNT equivalent of the explosion energy. The simulation results are in good line with the accident, which verifies the effectiveness of the scheme and the accuracy of the numerical model. Based on the reasonable filling scheme, the propagation process of shock waves inside the building, the damage evolution process of the building, and the injury ranges of overpressure and fragments outside the building are analyzed. It can be found that the propagation of shock waves in confined space is complex and variable. The explosion shock waves are first reflected and superimposed in the watercourse, resulting in pressure rise. At about 8ms, the shock waves rushed into the first-floor space of the building, and the maximum overpressure was about 0.56 MPa. At about 50 ms, the shock waves rushed into the second-floor space, and the maximum overpressure was about 0.139 MPa. The first and second-floor slabs and infilled walls were almost completely destroyed. The interior walls of the infilled walls are mainly collapsed, and the exterior walls are ejection around the building as the center. The peak displacement and peak velocity of the interior walls of each floor are about 15% of the exterior walls. The fragments which cause fragment injury mainly come from the retaining wall above the watercourse, the maximum velocity is about 89 m/s, and the maximum displacement is 8.9 m. The safety distance of fragment injury is about 8.8 m, while the safety distance of overpressure injury is about 4.6 m. The lethal distance of fragment injury is greater than that of overpressure injury. Compared with the distance between different damage levels of overpressure injury, the difference in fragment injury is small. Therefore, the safety assessment at the engineering level only needs to consider the safety distance of fragment injury. This study can provide suggestions for evaluating the damage of natural gas cloud explosions in confined spaces and is helpful for accident investigation and safety protection. 相似文献
999.
1000.
蔡小平 《防灾技术高等专科学校学报》2012,(4):102-106
救荒是明代经济发展、社会稳定的重要措施。为了保证荒政的顺利而有效地进行,明太祖从灾害防治到灾害赈济,从赈灾官员的选用到对吏治腐败的整治,都制定了较为详细的法律条文。从这些法律条文中可以概括出明太祖的荒政立法包含以下两个方面:一、防灾与减灾中的立法;二、救灾中的立法。朱元璋通过荒政立法,一方面惩治了救灾中的腐败,提高了救灾的效率;另一方面也使灾民在自然灾害面前得到国家的救济,使社会生产力的破坏得以减轻,为明王朝的经济恢复和发展奠定了基础。 相似文献