Towards Sustainable Urban Environmental Management in Jiangyin city, East China

Dramatic economic and social changes have taken place in Jiangyin city due to rapid and uneven urbanization and industrialization. The environmental degradation has followed driven by these changes since the 1980's. With the pressures and effects of environmental deterioration, the city has implemented environmental management to hold back the trends of negative environmental changes. From the viewpoint of systems, DPSER is a good model for urban environmental changes to understand the causes, pressure, state, effect, existing responses and future action strategies. We took Jiangyin city, a developed city in South Jiangsu province, East China, as an example, and analyzed the characteristics of environmental changes and urban responses using DPSER model. Some operational strategies have been put forward to direct the city environmental management towards a sustainable road step by step.     

Coastal Zone Problems and Environmental Strategies to be Implemented at Edremit Bay, Turkey

This case study examines the coastal zone problems focusing on the existing conflicts between tourism and commercial activities on the coasts of Edremit Bay, Turkey, and attempts to suggest solutions to these problems. Edremit Bay is a characteristic example of such a conflict in collective use of natural resources. The study area, with its 100-km-long sandy beach, naturally attracts different coastal user groups with different beneficial expectations: in terms of rest and recreation for one group and commercial gain offered in a variety of ways for another group. Significant coastal zone problems exist in the study area. Deterioration of shoreline due to tourism activities and illegal constructions, damage to the coastal ecosystem due to domestic/industrial wastewater discharges and some agricultural activities, and disordered urbanization are only a few of the many problems. The data presented here were partly derived from field study and partly collected from local state or private organizations. In this study, it is emphasized that there is a need for viable economic and environmental strategies to be designated in Edremit Bay, Turkey, in order to provide sustainable resource use. For this purpose, an integrated project together with a relevant planning chart including subprojects is also suggested. The success of a local environmental protection management project depends on active participation of all stakeholders including governmental organizations and nongovernmental organizations.     

A Comparison of Urban-Proximate and Urban-Distant Wilderness Users on Selected Variables

/ The underlying premise of this study is that wilderness areas attract visitors desiring or expecting different wilderness experiences. In this study, wilderness areas were dichotomized according to distance from a large urban center (urban-proximate vs urban-distant). Four wilderness areas in southern California were used as the study sites. Comparisons were made on selected attributes commonly associated with the wilderness experience. Differences were observed on a number of variables such as acceptable number and type of encounters with other visitors, management preferences, and preferred group sizes. The findings of this study are congruent with those from previous studies and suggest that distance to large urban centers may be a functional variable in explaining differences among selected wilderness attributes.KEY WORDS: Expectancy theory; Normative standards; Wilderness; Wilderness experience; Urbanization     

城市化进程中的几个环境问题

论述了城市化进程中的几个不容忽视的环境问题,如饮用水源的超前保护,控制生活污染,现代城市的土地利用,创造良好的城市生态环境和重视有害废弃物的管理等,并提出应在城市建设和规划中逐步解决这些问题。     

城市发展与生物多样性保护

生物多样性是指各种生命形式的资源，它是人类存在的基础。城市发展极大程度地改变了人们生存的环境，也导致生物多样性的急剧变化。而一个自然和谐的生态城市是与生物多样性的保护和利用密不可分的。该文从城市生物多样性的价值、保护现状、受威胁原因及保护恢复措施等几方面，探讨了城市中生物多样性的保护与利用。保护城市生物多样性是当前城市建设与管理面临的新问题，同时也为城市环境的改善提供了一个崭新契机。     

Heavy metals contamination of soils under oak ecosystems in the Sofia region

We studied the contamination of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd in soils under oak ecosystems of urban (U), suburban (SU), and rural (R) regions in Sofia, Bulgaria. The urban sampling sites are located in the large forest parks of Sofia under oak ecosystems, while the others are located between the centre of the town and the surrounding mountains and are also from oak ecosystems. The concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd in soils were measured for identifying the sources and degree of contamination, and calculating the concentration coefficients (Hc) and enrichment factors (EF). The result of applying principal component analysis (PCA), showed that Cd and Pb accounted for the anthropogenic pollution and could be inferred as its tracers, whereas Cu is located mainly in the parent material. The Zn concentration levels were controlled both by its original content in the parent material as well as by anthropogenic pollution. The results obtained for the city forest parks allow for their successful use for recreation purposes.     

城市郊区在城市化发展进程面临的主要环境问题及对策

城市郊区由于其特殊的地理位置,兼有城市和农村的主要特征,在城市化进程不断加快的今天,所面临的环境问题也尤为突出,本文针对城市郊区在城市化进程中面临的主要环境问题,提出了具体应对措施和建议。     

基于水环境容量的开发区水污染控制对策研究——以镇江新区为例

随着镇江新区的快速城市化,环境压力指数化增长,环境保护面临着巨大的挑战。为了实现镇江新区的经济发展和环境保护双赢,以及区域的可持续性发展,本文深入分析城市化过程带来的一系列生态环境问题,系统评价快速城市化过程中水污染因子排放与长江流域水环境质量的关系,结合区域水环境特点,基于科学的水环境容量计算,修正区域用地总体规划和产业布局,为合理分配和长期有效地利用水环境容量资源和区域可持续发展提供理论支撑和对策。     

港湾快速城市化地区河流水质主控因子识别及调控方案

识别快速城市化地区的河流污染的主控因子,对于科学实施河流污染防治调控及实现区域经济又好又快发展具有积极意义。运用流量校准浓度分析法、多元逐步回归分析相结合的方法识别连云港港湾快速城市化地区影响水质变化的主控因子,可准确把握该类区域河流污染趋势及主导原因,进而提出相应的优选调控方案。     

浅谈生活垃圾卫生填埋技术的应用

通过对我国城市垃圾处理现状的分析,确立生活垃圾卫生填埋技术应用及效果,为其它城市垃圾填埋应用提供借鉴.