江苏数字地震台网与模拟台网的震级对比

对江苏省数字地震台网观测系统与模拟台网观测系统在震级测定方面的一致性进行了探讨。定量分析了数字台网的“速度型震级”、“仿真位移型震级”与模拟台网位移震级的差异。初步结果表明 ,在测量误差允许范围内 ,数字网的“仿真位移型震级”可以替代模拟网的位移震级 ,震级测定的连续性要求基本可以保证。     

水对节理裂隙岩质边坡的影响初议

水是影响节理裂隙岩质边坡稳定性的重要因素之一。本文概述了在这方面的研究历史、研究成果;浅析了水对节理裂隙岩质边坡稳定性的影响机理;提出了目前需要解决的问题。     

浅谈污泥处置方式及资源化利用

通过污泥的综合利用、填埋、投海等几种主要的污泥处置方式的分析,指出污泥的资源化利用应立足于各地实际,在兼顾环境生态效益、社会效益和经济效益平衡的前提下,选择最佳处置与利用方案。     

疏浚底泥的资源化利用

各种各样的疏浚工程产生的疏浚底泥量日益增加,以往的底泥堆放,吹填和抛海等常规处置方式对环境造成了潜在的不利影响.因而,疏浚底泥资源化越来越为人们所重视.本文总结了疏浚底泥资源化的途径,对土地利用、制造填方材料和建筑材料等资源化利用进行了讨论,并对疏浚底泥的资源化利用提出一些建议.     

多污染源置换通风通风效果与舒适性研究

比较了多污染源置换通风与传统混合通风的特点 ,从通风效率、换气效率和舒适性指标等方面阐述了多污染源置换通风的优点 ,指出多污染源置换通风系统在控制污染物、改善空气品质方面可以推广应用     

Divergence in female calling song discrimination between sympatric and allopatric populations of the southern wood cricket Gryllus fultoni (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)

Two species of closely related wood cricket, Gryllus fultoni (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) and Gryllus vernalis, occur together in some parts of the eastern United States and have a similar calling song structure, consisting of three-pulse chirps. A previous study revealed that chirp rate in G. fultoni was highest (greatest difference vis-à-vis chirp rate in G. vernalis) in sympatric populations, intermediate in near allopatric populations that were located close to the sympatric zone, and lowest in allopatric populations. A similar trend was observed in pulse rate, but the mean values of this trait showed much more convergence than chirp rate at the low end of the range of calling temperatures. In this study, we investigated the song discrimination of females from sympatric and allopatric populations of G. fultoni at about 23°C, which is near the middle of the normal range of calling temperatures. We used both single-stimulus and two-stimulus playback experiments to learn if geographical differences in song preferences paralleled those in calling songs. Stimuli presented were representative of calling songs in three classes of G. fultoni populations (sympatric, near allopatric, and far allopatric), a calling song of G. vernalis, and three calling songs with parameter values that were intermediate with respect to those of the songs of far allopatric G. fultoni and G. vernalis. In the single-stimulus playbacks, females of all G. fultoni populations responded poorly if at all to the heterospecific stimulus. Females of sympatric and near allopatric populations responded poorly to all intermediate stimuli, but females of far allopatric populations frequently responded to these sounds. In the two-stimulus playbacks, females of sympatric and near allopatric populations generally discriminated against intermediate and heterospecific stimuli. However, females of far allopatric populations often did not discriminate against intermediate stimuli, whose characteristics resembled the calling songs of G. vernalis. The divergent pattern of female phonotactic discrimination between sympatric and far allopatric populations was thus generally congruent with the pattern of divergence in chirp and pulse rates and would be expected to significantly reduce heterospecific mating in sympatry. These geographical patterns of female song discrimination and male calling songs conform to a commonly used definition of reproductive character displacement.     

Physics of failure analysis of power section assembly for positive displacement motor

Power section assembly is the core part of positive displacement motor (PDM), and its mechanical behavior and service life determine the drilling efficiency and cycle. In this paper, fault tree of power section assembly was established, failure reasons were analyzed and improvement measures were put forward. Finite element models of conventional lining and uniform wall thickness lining of 5/6 PDM were established, and the mechanical behaviors were investigated. Working parameters such as drilling fluid pressure, rubber hardness, downhole temperature and pressure difference were discussed. The results show that wear and rust are the main failure modes of the rotor. Failure modes of rubber lining are wear, tear, rupture, peeling off, thermal failure and fatigue failure. Under the action of drilling fluid pressure, the maximum effective stress of rubber lining appears in the bottom of arc, and the minimum stress appears at the top of arc. But deformation distribution is opposite to the effective stress. Deformation of uniform wall thickness lining is more uniform. Effective stress of the lining increases with the increasing of drilling fluid pressure and rubber hardness, but it decreases with the downhole temperature increases. Deformation of the lining increases with the drilling fluid pressure increases, but it decreases with the increasing of rubber hardness and downhole temperature. Effective stress and deformation distribution of rubber lining are more uneven with the pressure difference increases. High stress area lies between the two smallest chambers.     

送风温度对三个污染源置换通风效果影响研究

对送风温度变化对含三个污染热源置换通风效果的影响进行了实验研究,分析讨论了一定热源强度情况下模拟实验房间温度场和气流组织特性,阐述了送风温度对热舒适性、热力分层高度的影响,并确定出最佳送风温度,研究结果对工程实践具有指导意义。     

基于LUCC的露天矿区景观格局研究一以黑岱沟露天煤矿为例

露天矿区开发活动主要是在景观层次上进行,其直接导致土地利用／覆被变化（LandUse／Cover Change,LUCC）。本文以黑岱沟大型露天煤矿1987年、1990年、2000年及2010年4期遥感影像的土地利用数据为基础,基于GIS空间分析功能,以破碎度、分离度和优势度景观格局指数和景观类型脆弱度为指标,分析景观格局现状。研究显示：开发初期,耕地和草地虽有所减少,但所占面积保持在80％以上;生态恢复开始后,土地类型向林地和草地转移的面积逐渐增多。景观水平上分析显示,景观上破碎化程度加大,煤矿建设用地斑块面积逐年增大。从景观指数看,耕地、草地、未利用地的破碎度、分离度指数变化呈上升或不稳定状态,建设用地的破碎度和分离度指数有所减小;优势景观类型有所改变,建设用地对于区域景观的控制作用逐渐加强。     

“水污染防治行动计划”实施背景下我国水环境管理优化对策研究

针对我国日益凸显的水资源过度开发、水环境污染、水资源短缺、用水效率与效益低下等水危机,对我国近年来出台最严格水资源管理制度、"水污染防治行动计划"(称"水十条")等水资源管理、水环境保护相关政策与研究进展及国外在水环境管理方面经验进行了探讨。分析了"水十条"实施后在水资源管理、水生态安全、法律法规与执法监管、资金投入与激励机制、技术推进与公众参与等需解决的关键问题与推进重点工作,提出具体措施包括以协作机制优化区域流域水环境管理,完善水权交易并规范绿色投融资体系,创新水文化建设与公众参与模式,优化分区、分级、共治的水环境管理法规与执法支撑体系,强化信息化、集成化的水环境管理与应用等。