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91.
Although the importance of understanding stakeholder beliefs regarding environmental policy has been noted by many authors,
research focusing on the heterogeneity of stakeholder views is still very scarce and concentrated on a product-oriented definition
of stakeholders. The aim of the present study is to address this gap by examining environmental policy beliefs of stakeholder
groups engaged in protected area management. Questionnaires containing 73 five-point Likert scale items were administered
to eight different stakeholder groups involved in the management of Greek protected areas. Items referred to core beliefs
on environmental policy, namely, the value framework and sustainable development, and secondary beliefs, that is, beliefs
on social consensus and ecotourism development. Our study used as a starting point respondent recruitment on the basis of
a traditional product-centered approach. We investigated whether environmental policy beliefs can be used to effectively segregate
stakeholders in well-defined segments, which override the product-oriented definition of stakeholders. Indeed, K-means clustering
revealed an innovation-introduction and an implementation-charged sample segment. The instrument utilized in this research
proved quite reliable and valid in measuring stakeholder environmental policy beliefs. Furthermore, the methodology implied
that stakeholder groups differ in a significant number of belief-system elements. On the other hand, stakeholder groups were
effectively distinguished on a small set of both core and secondary beliefs. Therefore, the instrument used can be an effective
tool for determining and monitoring environmental policy beliefs of stakeholders in protected area management. This is of
considerable importance in the Greek case, given the recent establishment of 27 administrative bodies of protected areas,
all of which are required to incorporate public consultation into management practices. 相似文献
92.
Impact of Growing Income Inequality on Sustainable Development in China: A Provincial-level Analysis
Nico Heerink Ma Jia 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2006,4(1):23-32
A growing body of literature has documented the rapidly increasing income disparities that accompanied China's economic growth in the 1980s and 1990s, and the driving factors behind this. Growing income inequality in its turn may have important implications for the accumulation of physical capital, human capital, and natural capital and as a consequence for sustainable economic development. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential impact of income inequality on savings, human resources and the environment in China. It starts with an overview of the different causal mechanisms through which income inequality may affect the accumulation of physical capital, human capital, and natural capital, and discusses to what extent these causal relationships may be relevant in the case of China. Next, provincial data for the year 2002 are used to explore the relationship between income inequality and different elements of sustainable development in China. It is found that income inequality does not affect aggregate savings levels. Rising inequality, however, contributes to lower health and possibly also to higher fertility levels. It also lowers the use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture and therefore is likely to reduce water pollution. Other types of environmental degradation are not affected. 相似文献
93.
教育与区域经济发展差异--基于江苏和江西的实证分析 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文主要分析了教育对于区域经济发展差异的影响及作用机理。通过对江苏和江西两省的实证分析,提出并验证了教育发晨所引起的地区经济发展的差异,主要有两个方面共同作用的结果:即教育总体发展程度不同所产生的规模效应和不同教育层次发晨的侧重差异所引起的结构效应。最后。对今后区域教育发展战略的进一步完善提出了政策建议。 相似文献
94.
In recent years, churches across the world have become involved in dialogue on the theory and practice of sustainable development. A number of Western churches have expressed their concern about climate change and destructive living patterns, stressing the need for human beings to exercise the care for all creation based on a life of sharing and sacrifice. Some Orthodox churches, however, quite recently included the environmental issues in their agendas. While the Bases of Social Concept, a major doctrine of the Russian Orthodox Church adopted in 2000, for the first time emphasises the Churchs position in overcoming environmental crisis and presents a solid basis on which to build the future environmental strategy of the Church, the Ethiopian Orthodox Church has not yet drawn up a programme document that might serve as a framework for the Churchs current extensive activities in the field of biodiversity conservation and sustainable forestry practices. Hence, despite certain closeness of both institutions, there is the potential for strengthening their roles in promoting sustainable development, based on the Biblical concept that the Earth belongs to the Lord and humans are responsible stewards assigned the duty to work for creation and care for it. This paper seeks to demonstrate by means of comparable analysis between the two Churches, Orthodox in nature but different in rites and religious practices, that traditional, highly conservative faiths may serve as powerful instruments of spreading out the ideas of sustainable development as the basis of spiritual revival in the situation of the two concurrent and interrelated crises – spiritual and ecological.Readers should send their comments on this paper to: BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue. 相似文献
95.
Perceived Impacts of Ecotourism on Environmental Learning and Conservation: Turtle Watching as a Case Study 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Clem?TisdellEmail author Clevo?Wilson 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2005,7(3):291-302
Using a case study, involving turtle-based ecotourism, we explore the role of ecotourism in promoting environmental learning
and in sustaining conservation of nature. Mon Repos Conservation Park (an important marine turtle rookery involved in ecotourism)
in Queensland, Australia, was selected for this study and visitors were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. The reported
on-site experiences of respondents are analysed to identify important factors that alter their stated conservation attitudes
and behaviours. The impact of these factors (such as the amount of environmental education that respondents claimed they obtained,
sighting of sea turtles, nationality) is quantified using regression analyses. There has been little previous quantification
of such influences. The study reveals that a considerable amount of environmental knowledge is gained by visitors to Mon Repos.
The ecotourism experience, involving environmental education and seeing of turtles, was found to have positive and statistically
significant impacts on the visitors' stated desire and intended behaviour to protect sea turtles. The study reveals the importance
of learning and the interaction of tourists with wildlife as a contributor to their pro-conservation sentiments and actions.
It shows how ecotourism can support nature conservation.
Readers should send their comments on this paper to: BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue. 相似文献
96.
This is the second update of research on graduated driver licensing (GDL) and teenage drivers. It briefly summarizes research in progress and research published since the January 2004 update (Hedlund, J. & Compton, R. [2004]. Graduated driver licensing research in 2003 and beyond. Journal of Safety Research 35(1), 5-11). Research has been very active, especially on teenage driver risk factors, GDL program evaluations, the role of parents in managing and training their teenage drivers, and driver education. Results have strengthened the case for GDL, for nighttime and passenger restrictions, and for extended supervised driving practice. 相似文献
97.
PROBLEM: After decreasing to a historic low in 1997, motorcycle crash-related fatalities are increasing. Although causes remain unclear, motorcycle rider education and licensing play key roles in reducing motorcycle crashes and injuries. Yet, little is known about what constitutes effective rider training and licensing. This study develops a model of best practices in motorcycle rider education and licensing and combines primary and secondary data to identify states that most closely adhere to this model. Evidence on the validity of the model is also examined. METHOD: States were rated along three areas of best practices: (a) program administration; (b) rider education; and (c) licensing based on 2001 data collected for a National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)-sponsored study. RESULTS: Results indicate wide variation in states' adherence to best practices; several states meet most, others very few. When the areas of best practices are considered separately, a state tends to behave similarly on all three. Initial evidence supports the validity of the model, with high best practices states having the lowest rates of motorcycle fatalities. IMPACT ON TRAFFIC SAFETY: As motorcycle-related crashes increase and state and federal support for rider education programs diminishes, it is critical that states identify deficiencies in their program and learn from successful states about efficient, cost-effective strategies for increasing best practices in motorcycle rider education and licensing. 相似文献
98.
This is the third update of research on graduated driver licensing (GDL) and related teenage driver issues. It briefly summarizes research published since or not included in the 2005 update (Hedlund, J., & Compton, R. (2005). Graduated driver licensing research in 2004 and 2005. Journal of Safety Research, 36(2), 109-119.), describes research in progress of which the authors are aware, and announces plans for a symposium on teenage driving and GDL to be held in February 2007. 相似文献
99.
安全学科发展与社会需求共同促进着我国安全工程专业教育和专业认证工作的发展。对比研究中美情况,将有助于我国更好地借鉴美国经验尽快实现与国际标准接轨。首先简要介绍美国安全工程专业教育及认证工作的情况,并结合我国安全工程专业教育和开展专业认证工作的现状,提出了在学科分类、办学学校、培养目标、专业课程设置以及专业认证等5个方面与美国安全工程专业教育及认证工作的差异性。在此基础上,提出对我国安全工程教育发展的2条建议:加强安全工程学科建设,科学设定课程体系;加快安全专业认证,促进安全专业认证与注册安全工程师标准的衔接。 相似文献
100.
Ian Davis 《Disasters》2019,43(Z1):S61-S82
This reflection, based on a keynote address to celebrate the fortieth anniversary of Disasters on 14 September 2017, begins by considering some of the prevailing assumptions that existed at the time of the journal's creation. Next is a summary of significant milestones during the past 40 years, covering major global trends, changing disaster impacts, and key developments in disaster risk management. Contrasting approaches in the first and fourth decade of the journal's history are then followed by examples of changes in terminology in the disaster field as an indication of shifting values. The paper goes on to explore the context of 2017, with observations of problem areas such as the loss of knowledge, failures to tackle the root causes of disasters, shortfalls in international assistance, and some negative attitudes. It closes by evaluating some current positive occurrences, including a reduction in casualties, sharing of experience, technological advances, and dramatic improvements in disaster warning. 相似文献