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环境竞争力是国际大城市竞争力的重要组成部分,但目前还没有公认成熟的评价指标。本文构建了简明的定性与定量相结合的国际大城市环境竞争力评价模型,对广州与8座国际大城市2011年度的城市环境竞争力进行了评价排序,进而明确各城市的优势和劣势指标,为我国城市提升环境竞争力提供参考。 相似文献
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基于GIS的内河岸线资源评价研究——以武汉市域长江干流为例 总被引:19,自引:3,他引:19
内河岸线资源是国土资源的重要组成部分,但专门的评价研究在国内外尚不多见。国内研究始于20世纪80年代末,研究区域集中在长江中下游,研究方法已经从定性发展到定量,并引进了GIS手段。论文首先总结了前人的研究,将岸线评价分为质量分等评价、适宜性评价和综合性评价3种类型,概括为评价单元的划分、单项指标的评价和综合质量分等3个步骤。之后,论文以自然资源评价的理论方法为指导,通过武汉市域长江干流岸线的建港自然条件评价的实例,系统探索了运用GIS方法评价岸线资源的一般程序,将其分为:数据准备、建立数据库、评价实施、成果输出4个步骤。 相似文献
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由于城市森林及其生态系统是一项重要的绿化基础设施,是城市中人与自然关系的纽带与桥梁,因此,大力加强城市森林生态系统建设是历史发展的必然.以此为依据,阐述了城市森林及其生态系统的概念、研究方法与内容、发展概况,提出了城市森林生态系统建设的5项原则,最后,探讨了城市森林生态系统建设的未来两大发展趋势. 相似文献
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Metals in roadside soils of different grain sizes from high traffic roads in Kano metropolis,Nigeria
Roadside surface soil samples were collected from 10 locations along high traffic roads and a control site between December 2009 and September 2010. The samples were analyzed for particle size distribution, pH, organic matter, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, and the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu, and Zn in different grain sizes. Generally, the results show a decrease in the concentrations of all the studied metals during the wet season in the following order, Zn?>?Pb?>?Ni?>?Cu?>?Cr?>?Cd. Correlation of metal concentrations on traffic volume is low except for Pb; other sources seem to contribute significantly to the metal burden of the soil. The ecological risk index indicates that the roadsides of Kano metropolis are suffering from high metal contamination, though ameliorated by rain. 相似文献
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大城市郊区农村居民点整理效果分析——基于典型案例的比较研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
大城市郊区作为农村居民点整理的典型区域之一,如何评价其整理效果具有重要意义。分析大城市郊区农村居民点整理影响机理,构建整理效果评价指标体系,使用规划资料、调查资料和统计资料,对比研究天津市津南区、成都市双流县和上海市金山区典型项目的整理效果。结果表明:①综合评价结果由高到低依次为金山项目、津南项目和双流项目;②整理后农民居住条件均明显改善,生活成本普遍提高,社会保障有所增加,对收入和就业影响不明显;③整理可有效改善土地资源利用状况,农村建设用地节余58%~82%,人均建设用地下降31%~84%,新增耕地超过30%;④3个项目政府的投资风险均较高,项目可持续性有待商榷;农户的拆迁补偿标准和重置新房成本存在较大差异,并导致金山项目的农户搬迁能力高于津南项目和双流项目。研究结论:大城市郊区总体适宜开展农村居民点整理。整理效果呈现差异受政府财政能力与农民收入水平相对大小的影响。 相似文献
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重庆都市圈可持续发展面临的主要生态环境问题与对策 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
对重庆都市圈生态环境问题进行了详细的分析;结合都市圈可持续发展和三峡水库安全运行的需求,提出了加大都市圈生态环境建设力度和绿地景观整治工程,优化产业结构与布局,扶持循环经济和生态环保产业发展,控制主城区规模、积极发展周边卫星城市,增加环保投入、加强重点环保基础设施建设、实施"净空"和"碧水"工程,建立都市圈生态环境信息管理系统和预警系统、实施都市圈生态系统管理等8条治理途径与措施。 相似文献
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The ambient air in vicinity of different industrial sources for PCDD/PCDFs was sampled by TSP/PM10 active samplers and
passive PUF disk samplers in Tangshan City, a metropolis containing clusters of various industrial plants. The TEQ concentrations
of PCDD/PCDFs ranged from 44.2 to 394.1 fg I-TEQ/m3 with an average of 169.9 fg I-TEQ/m3. 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF was the dominant
contributor to PTEQ, contributing 41% (12% to 55%), while 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF, OCDD and OCDF were the major congeners for
the total concentrations. The ratios of PPCDF/PPCDD reached 2.54 on average, suggesting that de novo synthesis in thermal processes
played an important role to the airborne pollution of PCDD/PCDFs. The similarities congener profiles indicated that TSP and PM10
active sampling methods are comparable for the determination of the PCDD/PCDFs in ambient air, and the ratios of concentrations
determined by the two methods suggested that the PCDD/PCDFs tended to stay in fine particles. It was found that 2,3,7,8-TCDF and
OCDD were the dominating congeners in the passive PUF disks samples. Through principal components analysis, the coke industry
was suggested to be a relatively high potential emission source for PCDD/PCDFs in the ambient air of Tangshan, which was possibly
formed by de novo synthesis mechanism. In this study, the atmospheric impacts to the environment from di erent industrial sources
could be ranked as follows (from high to low): coking, iron sintering, steel making, power generation and chlorinate alkali chemical
production industries. 相似文献