废线路板处理工艺中持久性有毒物质环境释放特征

以江苏省某示范企业为例,对废线路板退锡和粉碎2个处理阶段的有组织、无组织废气以及废线路板处理余物中的持久性有毒物质(PTS)进行检测,并对其环境释放特征进行分析。结果表明,退锡阶段无组织废气中氯代二噁英类物质的浓度显著高于有组织废气,粉碎阶段有机和无机PTS浓度均高于退锡阶段,无机PTS的环境释放主要为悬浮颗粒物中的Pb、Cd、Cr及其化合物。通过PTS物质流分析可知,无机PTS释放质量分数(0. 0%～22. 0%)高于有机PTS释放质量分数(0. 0%～1. 0%),在金属和非金属粉末中含有大量的有机PTS。提出,采用自动化设施,减少工人的车间工作时间,降低其职业暴露风险,并关注废线路板处理余物的后续使用与处理。     

水和废水中亚硝酸盐氮的现场快速分析方法研究

在现行水中亚硝酸盐氮分析方法的基础上,通过试验研究,采用便携式分光光度计建立了水体中亚硝酸盐氮的分析方法。该法与GB7493-87[N-(1-萘基)-乙二胺光度法]具有良好的可比性,分析结果的精密度和准确度均为良好,该方法可在现场简便快速测定水和废水中的亚硝酸盐氮。     

试论“废物最少化”

本文对“废物最少化”的提出、内涵、定义、各种模式及引入我国环境管理制度体系的必要性和可能性作了系统的论述。     

东阳市电镀总厂废水处理工艺简介

本文主要描述ＥＥＯＯ电镀废水处理技术的工艺过程及主要反应原理，它包括两个柱：１催化氧化柱、２内电解柱     

Removal of Pb(Ⅱ) from aqueous solutions using waste textiles/poly(acrylic acid) composite synthesized by radical polymerization technique

Waste textiles(WTs) are the inevitable outcome of human activity and should be separated and recycled in view of sustainable development. In this work, WT was modified through grafting with acrylic acid(AA) via radical polymerization process using ceric ammonium nitrate(CAN) as an initiator and microwave and/or UV irradiation as energy supply. The acrylic acid-grafted waste textiles(WT-g-AA) thus obtained was then used as an adsorbent to remove Pb(Ⅱ) from Pb(Ⅱ)-containing wastewater. The effects of p H, initial concentrations of Pb(Ⅱ) and adsorbent dose were investigated, and around 95% Pb(Ⅱ) can be removed from the aqueous solution containing 10 mg/L at p H 6.0–8.0. The experimental adsorption isotherm data was fitted to the Langmuir model with maximum adsorption capacity of35.7 mg Pb/g WT-g-AA. The Pb-absorbed WT-g-AA was stripped using dilute nitric acid solution and the adsorption capacity of Pb-free material decreased from 95.4%(cycle 1) to91.1%(cycle 3). It was considered that the WT-g-AA adsorption for Pb(Ⅱ) may be realized through the ion-exchange mechanism between \COOH and Pb(Ⅱ). The promising results manifested that WT-g-AA powder was an efficient, eco-friendly and reusable adsorbent for the removal of Pb(Ⅱ) from wastewater.     

Landfill site selection using multi criteria decision making: Influential factors for comparing locations

Although a lot of research has focused on energy recovery and recycling of valuable materials from wastes to reduce loads on landfills, landfilling is still an inseparable part of solid waste management. Since landfills potentially pose a risk to human health and the surrounding environment, landfill site selection is an important endeavor that has to be carried out with great care. Choosing a suitable location for landfills depends on several factors and is a complicated procedure. In this paper, a comprehensive review of landfill site selection methods, with an emphasis on multi criteria decision making (multiple criteria decision analysis) has been presented. Assessments indicate that the most frequently used methods are weighted linear combination (WLC), ordered weighted averaging (OWA), analytic hierarchy process (AHP), fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (F-AHP), TODIM, fuzzy TODIM, analytic network process (ANP), fuzzy-analytic network process (F-ANP), and grey systems theory, each of which is discussed. The most widely used factors for selecting a landfill site are groundwater depth, surface water vicinity, elevation, land slope, soil permeability, soil stability, flooding susceptibility, lithology and stratification, faults, land use type, nearby settlements and urbanization, cultural and protected site vicinity, wind direction, roads, railways, proximity to building materials, pipelines and powerlines, and proximity to airports.     

电子废弃物资源化技术现状

随着电子废弃物数量的日益增加和对电子废弃物资源化利用要求的提高,电子废弃物经历了由堆存到资源化利用的发展过程.目前电子废弃物资源化技术主要包括物理处理法、化学处理法和热处理法等方法,实现电子废弃物的资源化.     

Market imperfections in recycling markets: conceptual issues and empirical study of price volatility in plastics

The effectiveness of recycling depends upon efficient functioning of secondary material markets. This paper focus on the role that price volatility can play in slowing investment and market development. However, a statistical analysis of the relative volatility of secondary and primary material prices does not confirm the widely-held belief that relative price volatility is higher in secondary than in primary materials, at least at national levels.An econometric estimation of the determinants of plastic recovery volumes in Seattle contributes to the literature in four ways: the use of monthly (as opposed to annual) data; the use of local (as opposed to national) data; the use of an explanatory variable to reflect price volatility; and, the focus on plastics, which have not been examined previously. Some tentative conclusions can be made: the results generally support the principal hypothesis that price volatility has a negative effect on recovery of secondary materials; in addition, and consistent with previous studies, price elasticities are low and insignificant; and finally, policy factors are clearly important. The concluding section treats the economic and policy implications of market inefficiency in secondary material markets.     

环境监测实验室的废液处理

环境监测实验室的废液一直没有进行规范化管理，随着环境监测标准化站的建设和实验室认可工作的开展，环境监测实验室的废液污染应引起重视。文章简要阐述了环境监测实验室废液的来源及废液的收集原则，详细介绍了环境监测实验室常用有机溶剂的回收技术，提出了含不同污染物的实验室废液的处理方法。     

超滤膜技术在21世纪水处理领域的展望

本文介绍了半死端超滤膜技术的典型设备和运行工艺及其优化。并且介绍了在世界范围内此项技术在地下水,地表水等常规水源处理以及海水和污水回用等非常规水源方面的应用。