全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1033篇 |
免费 | 21篇 |
国内免费 | 49篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 32篇 |
废物处理 | 211篇 |
环保管理 | 241篇 |
综合类 | 408篇 |
基础理论 | 45篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 80篇 |
评价与监测 | 71篇 |
社会与环境 | 14篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 14篇 |
2021年 | 15篇 |
2020年 | 31篇 |
2019年 | 12篇 |
2018年 | 8篇 |
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 20篇 |
2015年 | 23篇 |
2014年 | 108篇 |
2013年 | 67篇 |
2012年 | 32篇 |
2011年 | 66篇 |
2010年 | 19篇 |
2009年 | 52篇 |
2008年 | 43篇 |
2007年 | 56篇 |
2006年 | 52篇 |
2005年 | 33篇 |
2004年 | 40篇 |
2003年 | 50篇 |
2002年 | 48篇 |
2001年 | 41篇 |
2000年 | 46篇 |
1999年 | 33篇 |
1998年 | 42篇 |
1997年 | 29篇 |
1996年 | 25篇 |
1995年 | 13篇 |
1994年 | 35篇 |
1993年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1103条查询结果,搜索用时 875 毫秒
311.
Manfred Fehr 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2009,11(2):319-328
As biodegradable material represents approximately 70% of household waste in Brazil, any strategy to divert appreciable waste
quantities from landfills of necessity has to include valorization and recycling of this material. A societal change of attitude
is required to perceive this challenge. Experiments in an urban apartment building are described that produced this change
of attitude with a success factor of 80%. Divided waste collection was implemented that separated at the source biodegradable
from inert material. Correct collection, handling and display procedures were established. Composting of biodegradable material
was carried out under the rooftop of the building as an alternative to using it as animal feed. Half of the inert material
entered the reverse logistics chain and was also diverted from the landfill. Waste related material flow through the building
is completely quantified, food intake and waste production are related, diversion of both biodegradable and inert waste components
from the landfill is measured and the composting process is described. The landfill diversion stands at 61%, mass reduction
through the composting process is 80% and matured compost is returned to residents for use in flower cages. The system has
been operational for two years and stands out as a precedent in successful decentralized household waste management supported
by material flow analysis.
Readers should send their comments on this paper to: BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue. 相似文献
312.
Rebeka Lukman Abhishek Tiwary Adisa Azapagic 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2009,53(11):639-644
The environmental performance of the University of Maribor (Engineering Campus) has been assessed on a life cycle basis. The following activities have been considered in the study: the use and operation of lecture theatres (construction and maintenance, heating, lighting and water consumption) and day-to-day consumption of sundries (paper and plastic bottles). The results indicate that the heating and construction of buildings are the ‘hot spots’ in the system, for most environmental impacts. Different waste management options for the plastic and paper, including recycling, incineration and landfill, have also been compared for environmental impacts and economic costs. The option combining 70% recycling, 29% incineration and 1% landfill has been found to be most economically and environmentally sustainable. 相似文献
313.
Bao-Xiang Peng Qing Shu Jin-Fu Wang Guang-Run Wang De-Zheng Wang Ming-Han Han 《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2008,86(6):441-447
Biodiesel is a non-toxic and biodegradable substitute for petroleum-based diesel. However, it is impractical to use refined edible oils to produce biodiesel due to its high cost and priority for food products, especially in China, while waste oils with high free fatty acids (FFAs) can be considered as the raw materials. In the present work, a solid acid catalyst comprising SO42−/TiO2–SiO2 was prepared, characterized and studied for its activity for the production of biodiesel from several low cost feedstocks with high FFAs. The solid acid catalyst can be recycled, easily removed and can simultaneously catalyze esterification and transesterification. The influence of reaction parameters was studied, and the optimized reaction parameters are reaction temperature 200 °C, molar ratio of methanol to oil 9:1 and catalyst concentration 3 wt.%. The catalyst showed good stability. A continuous process for biodiesel production from cheap raw feedstocks was proposed, and a 10,000-tonnes/year biodiesel production demonstration plant has been built. 相似文献
314.
Ayomoh MK Oke SA Adedeji WO Charles-Owaba OE 《Journal of environmental management》2008,88(1):108-114
Indiscriminate disposal of municipal solid waste in developing countries poses severe environmental and health threats. The study proposes a new method for dealing with these problems. The hybrid structural interaction matrix (HSIM) was used to prioritise major identifiable environmental health factors arising from improper solid waste disposal. The simplistic resource allocation model was adopted to ensure optimality in the allocation of resources to prioritised factors. The study indicates that tackling environmental health impacts from the most prioritised negative disposal factors through optimal allocation of resources, will either reduce or eliminate the impacts associated with subsequent less prioritised factors that are direct consequences of the highly prioritised negative factors. The method proposed will aid decision makers in knowing which set of systemic factors are to be given preference and to what extent at given periods in time. 相似文献
315.
Waste paper samples made from newsprint, copier paper, and magazine paper, as well as samples of kraft pulp and thermomechanical
pulp, were pretreated with ozone to improve enzymatic hydrolysis. The ozone treatment of pulps of newsprint and of magazine
paper increased the specific surface areas and total pore volumes while decreasing the lignin content so that these values
became similar to those of thermomechanical pulps. These morphological and chemical changes in the pulps resulted in the increased
access of cellulase to the pulp fiber surface and increased enzymatic hydrolysis. For copier paper, in which the lignin content
was very low, additives on the pulp fiber surface were oxidized and removed by ozone treatment and extraction, and this allowed
improved enzymatic hydrolysis. In contrast, surface areas and total pore volumes of kraft pulp and bleached kraft pulp were
decreased by the ozone treatment, resulting in morphological changes in the pulps that decreased enzymatic hydrolysis. 相似文献
316.
Haruhiro Ino Yoshihisa Matsumoto Ryo Takahashi Kazukiyo Takami Junya Nishino Masaaki Itoh 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2008,10(2):129-133
H-ZSM-5 zeolite-supported gallium oxides were studied as aromatization catalysts for polyolefin pyrolysate. The catalysts
were prepared by a conventional physical mixing method with a gallium content of 1.0 and 4.5 wt% and were reduced in flowing
hydrogen at 585°C. To test their activity, a polyolefin sample was pyrolyzed and passed over a heated catalyst layer; the
product was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A continuous-flow fixed-bed reactor was used for aromatization
of a model gas of polyolefin pyrolysate. For chlorine-free sources at 450°C, the catalyst with only 1.0 wt% gallium exhibited
activity comparable to a gallium silicate catalyst. For chlorine-contaminated sources, the catalyst with 4.5 wt% gallium sustained
catalytic activity for long periods. From the activity test results, it was found that zeolite-supported gallium catalysts
prepared by the physical mixing method are suitable for converting polyolefin into aromatic hydrocarbons. 相似文献
317.
Heavy metal removal and cyanide destruction in the metal plating industry: an integrated approach from egypt 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wastewater produced from a metal plating is a major environmental problem. Industrial auditing revealed that the main source
of pollution mainly originated from rinsing water. The characterization of final effluent showed that it is highly contaminated
with hazardous heavy metals and cyanide. The concentration of copper, hexavalent chromium, nickel, and cyanide in the rinsing
water of metal plating department was 14.8, 40.9, 13.3, and 19 mg/l, respectively. The concentration of cyanide and zinc from
the galvanizing department reached 60 and 80 mg/l. The remediation scheme included the application of in-plant control measures
via changing the rinsing process followed by the destruction of cyanide and reduction of hexavalent chromium bearing wastes.
The pretreated wastes were then mixed with other industrial wastes prior to a combined chemical coagulation-sedimentation
using lime and/or lime in combination with ferric chloride. The results indicated that, after applying the waste minimization
measures alone at the source, prior to final treatment of industrial waste, removal rates of cyanide, copper, nickel, and
chromium concentrations were 23.2%, 14.9%, 32.3%, and 55.3%, respectively in the rinse water from metal plating department.
Furthermore, the removal rates of cyanide and zinc in the galvanizing department reached 59.7% and 24.3. The integrated control
measures and treatment scheme led to more than 99% removal of copper, nickel, chromium, and zinc, while the complete removal
of cyanide was achieved in the final effluent. 相似文献
318.
Investigating household preferences for kerbside recycling services in London: a choice experiment approach 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Recent developments in national and European Union waste management policy have prompted considerable interest in alternative waste management programs, such as recycling, which could divert a portion of the municipal solid waste stream from landfills. This paper examines household preferences for kerbside recycling services and uses a stated preference choice experiment method to estimate households' valuation of such services. Using a sample of 188 households in the London area, the empirical analysis yields estimates of the willingness to pay for the number of 'dry' materials collected, the collection of compost, textile collection and the frequency of collection. 相似文献
319.
Fernandes HM Gomiero LA Peres V Franklin MR Simões Filho FF 《Journal of environmental management》2008,88(4):914-925
This paper discusses the environmental waste management of the Heap-Leach Uranium Production Facility of Caetité located in a semi-arid region in Brazil. A comparison is made with the first uranium production site of the country located in Poços de Caldas. It is demonstrated that differences in the operational process along with different environmental conditions can lead to different impacts. In the present case groundwater is the potential most sensitive environmental medium despite the well-established consensus in the literature that radon and aerosol emissions may turn-out to be the most relevant environmental aspects of an installation located at this type of region. Most of the 226Ra content in the ore remains in the leached ore that is deposited with the waste rock. A lack in appropriate prediction of the hydrological balance has been causing unanticipated emissions of liquid effluents into the environment. Chemical treatment of this effluent may be needed. Contamination of groundwater in the short term by the waste ponds is not to be expected but it can be a relevant issue in the long term. As a consequence, careful closure schemes will need to be put in place. Finally, the overall costs with remediation in the Caetité production center are lower than those observed at the Poços de Caldas mining site. 相似文献
320.
Sewage sludge (SS) can be applied to cropland to supply and recycle nutrients and organic carbon. Potentially toxic elements in the sludge, however, are of environmental concern. This study evaluates the changes in chemical speciation of Zn in three representative pristine soils of the Pampas Region, Argentina, measured with sequential extraction over a one-year period. Pure SS or SS containing 30% (DM) of its own incineration ash (AS) was applied to the soils at an application rate of 150Mgha(-1). Zn was sequentially fractionated into exchangeable, organically bound, inorganic and residual fractions. The application of the SS and AS amendments significantly increased Zn concentration in all soil fractions at each sampling date. At day 1, Zn was mainly found in the residual fraction. A year after the application of the amendments, redistribution towards the inorganic fraction was observed (41-76% of total Zn content). Zn found in exchangeable and inorganic fractions depended on soil pH rather than on the type of soil used. A negative and significant correlation was found between exchangeable Zn concentrations and soil pH (r=0.94), and a positive and significant correlation between inorganic Zn concentrations and soil pH (r=0.92). For each amended soil and sampling date, no significant differences were observed between SS or AS treatments for the exchangeable fraction. Moreover, the use of AS did not cause significant differences in Zn concentration in the other soil fractions compared to SS. Based on these results, land spreading of AS may be similar to SS diaposal in terms of Zn mobility. 相似文献