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871.
Nicolas A.O. Morin Patrik L. Andersson Sarah E. Hale Hans Peter H. Arp 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(12):115-132
Flame retardants in commercial products eventually make their way into the waste stream.Herein the presence of flame retardants in Norwegian landfills, incineration facilities and recycling sorting/defragmenting facilities is investigated. These facilities handled waste electrical and electronic equipment(WEEE), vehicles, digestate, glass, combustibles, bottom ash and fly ash. The flame retardants considered included polybrominated diphenyl ethers(∑BDE-10) as well as dechlorane plus, polybrominated biphenyls, hexabromobenzene,pentabromotoluene and pentabromoethylbenzene(collectively referred to as ∑FR-7). Plastic,WEEE and vehicles contained the largest amount of flame retardants(∑BDE-10: 45,000–210,000 μg/kg; ∑FR-7: 300–13,000 μg/kg). It was hypothesized leachate and air concentrations from facilities that sort/defragment WEEE and vehicles would be the highest. This was supported for total air phase concentrations(∑BDE-10: 9000–195,000 pg/m~3 WEEE/vehicle facilities, 80–900 pg/m~3 in incineration/sorting and landfill sites), but not for water leachate concentrations(e.g., ∑BDE-10: 15–3500 ng/L in WEEE/Vehicle facilities and 1–250 ng/L in landfill sites). Landfill leachate exhibited similar concentrations as WEEE/vehicle sorting and defragmenting facility leachate. To better account for concentrations in leachates at the different facilities, waste-water partitioning coefficients, Kwastewere measured(for the first time to our knowledge for flame retardants). WEEE and plastic waste had elevated Kwastecompared to other wastes, likely because flame retardants are directly added to these materials. The results of this study have implications for the development of strategies to reduce exposure and environmental emissions of flame retardants in waste and recycled products through improved waste management practices. 相似文献
873.
2019年6月,《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境防治法(修订草案)》(以下简称草案)经国务院审议通过,并初次提请全国人大常委会审议。草案修订力度之大,值得充分肯定。同时,草案还存在不少提升空间,需要进一步深入研究。本文以习近平生态文明思想为引领,按照中央全面依法治国委员会第二次会议提出的加强立法统筹、立改废释并举要求,剖析了当前我国固体废物环境管理及其立法修法中面临的挑战,以及存在的突出问题;并从明确固废污染防治立法原则、强化政府统筹管理、明确各部门职责、强化区域统筹、完善跨区域转移监管机制、统筹国内外相关法律法规及政策文件等方面提出了完善草案的建议,以期为我国固废管理决策和草案修改提供参考。 相似文献
874.
通过室内培养试验研究了三种废塑料再生产品对生菜种子萌发及根伸长的影响。结果表明:在生菜种子发芽阶段,再生塑料和再生建材对生菜种子发芽率影响都不大,但低浓度的再生油就已对生菜种子发芽率产生了很大的抑制效应,如500mg/kg处理时,发芽率为对照的61.5%,极显著地低于对照(P0.01)。在生菜生长阶段,随着废塑料再生产品处理浓度的增加,对生菜根长和芽长的抑制作用都呈上升趋势。其中,再生塑料和再生建材对生菜种子发芽率及根、芽长受抑制的敏感性依次为根长芽长发芽率,而对于再生油,根、芽长受污染胁迫抑制明显,当污染浓度为15000mg/kg时,根长抑制率已达到了67.1%±2.1%,芽长抑制率高达77.8%±2.2%,三项指标对再生油胁迫的敏感性则表现为发芽率芽长根长。 相似文献
875.
Feng Wang Jingyang Luo Shiyu Fang Wenxuan Huang Yunqi Zhang Le Zhang Xiaoshi Cheng Wei Du Fang Fang Jiashun Cao Yang Wu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(5):253-264
As a frequently used product with antimicrobial activity, consumed allicin might be discharged and concentrated in waste-activated sludge (WAS). However, the influence of allicin (as an exogenous pollutant) on WAS fermentation has not been clearly revealed. This study aimed to disclose the impacts of allicin on volatile fatty acid (VFA) generation during WAS fermentation. The results showed that the appropriate presence of allicin (10 mg/g TSS) significantly enhanced the VFA yield (1894 versus 575 mg COD/L in the control) with increased acetate proportion (24.3%). Further exploration found that allicin promoted WAS solubilization, hydrolysis and acidification simultaneously. Metagenomic analysis revealed that the key genes involved in extracellular hydrolysis metabolism (i.e., CAZymes), membrane transport (i.e., gtsA and ytfT), substrate metabolism (i.e., yhdR and pfkC) and fatty acid synthesis (i.e., accA and accD) were all highly expressed. Allicin also induced the bacteria to produce more signalling molecules and regulate cellular functions, thereby enhancing the microbial adaptive and regulatory capacity to the unfavourable environment. Moreover, the variations in fermentative microbes and their contributions to the upregulation of functional genes (i.e., ytfR, gltL, INV, iolD and pflD) for VFA generation were disclosed. Overall, the simultaneous stimulation of functional microbial abundances and metabolic activities contributed to VFA production in allicin-conditioned reactors. 相似文献
876.
对环境监测项目中几种主要物质的回收及再利用进行讨论分析,使废液得到回收利用,避免了二次污染.简单介绍了废液收集后的管理工作,对各级实验室废液处理具有指导意义。 相似文献
877.
878.
废纸脱墨废水混凝性能研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对脱墨废水混凝处理的混凝剂和助凝剂的种类和用量进行了试验.结果表明:PIO较硫酸铝混凝性能好,添加少量PAM助凝剂有利于絮凝物的沉降,脱墨废水中SS、CODCr和BOD5的去除率分别达到85.4%,78.2%和71.7%. 相似文献
879.
880.