REGIONAL RUNOFF SIMULATION FOR SOUTHEAST MICHIGAN1

ABSTRACT: The feasibility of simulating monthly runoff for southeast Michigan, which comprises four major river basins, was evaluated with the Streamflow Synthesis and Reservoir Regulation watershed model. The evaluation covered a 13-year period (1961–73), which encompassed a complete runoff cycle. Results indicate it is feasible to simulate monthly runoff volumes on a regional scale with a single equivalent watershed by using daily precipitation and temperature data. Simulation of regional flows appears particularly attractive for the Great Lakes basin, since the basin consists of many relatively small watersheds. This method also appears promising for development of monthly runoff forecasts by employing average monthly meteorological data distributed on a daily basis. Tests of six-month runoff forecasts show relatively small deterioration with time and offer considerable improvement over climatology.     

Fostering Sustainability in Headwaters Country: Using Bioregional and Social Capital Strategies in Support of Sustainability

Abstract

Many of Canada's ex-urban and rural areas face a daunting array of sustainability challenges. In developing effective sustainability strategies, these areas must rely heavily upon local resources and capacities and existing social capital. Part of the solution for these areas may lie in multi-stakeholder collaborative approaches built on sustainability principles and strategies. These include the engagement and mobilization of civil society networks; the cultivation of strategic partnerships among key stakeholders in civil society, the private sector and government; and long-term local programmes of research, education and advocacy that are supportive of sustainability. This article describes and analyses a Canadian case study—Dufferin County, part of the Headwaters Country region in southern Ontario—in which a multi-stakeholder, civil society based approach to fostering sustainability is currently unfolding. The ideological and theoretical underpinnings of the initiative are explored, key process-oriented and substantive challenges to the approach are analysed and action research strategies are discussed.     

SAMPLING ACCURACY OF PIT VS. STANDARD RAIN GAGES ON THE FERNOW EXPERIMENTAL FOREST1

ABSTRACT: Catch in standard (unshielded) rain gages exposed 3 feet above the land surface was compared with catch in pit (buried) gages exposed 1 inch above the land surface. These tests confirmed that catch in standard gages under estimates point rainfall in forest openings, as well as in conventional weather stations. Pit gages caught significantly (P=0.05) more rain than did standard gages at each of four locations tested. Catch increases ranged from 2.3 to 3.4 percent.     

浅议公路建设开发中对社会生态环境的影响

公路建设作为国家基础设施建设发展迅速。公路建设对社会经济的发展贡献巨大，然而当公路建成后便捷的交通对加剧人口迁移流动造成的社会生态环境影响，却没有引起有关部门的足够重视，尤其在干旱地区脆弱的生态环境下，这种影响更为深远。本文分析了这种不利影响并提出了防治对策和建议。     

粤西两类混合岩地质地球化学对比及与金成矿作用关系探讨

笔者在对粤西进行金银成矿作用研究的过程中,发现该地区存在两类不同成因的混合岩类,第一类为基底混合岩,第二类为断裂变质混合岩,两者在许多方面都存在很大差异。本文从它们的形成时间、分布空间、成岩方式、岩石学、矿物学、地球化学以及与金银等元素的成矿作用关系等方面进行了研究,分别阐述了两者的各自特点,并进行了对比,研究表明,基底混合岩化作用与金银的成矿作用关系主要表现为前者为后者提供了物质基础,而断裂变质混合岩化作用与金银的成矿作用关系则主要表现为前者或其邻近的构造带对后者的空间上的控制,其次才表现为成矿作用提供物质基础。     

从人口、资源、环境角度论西部地区的可持续发展

论述了可持续发展战略的由来及内涵 ,并从人口、资源、环境角度论述了西部实现可持续发展的战略     

新疆西昆仑尼雅河地区锑矿地球化学特征及找矿前景

应用1：20万区域化探成果,对锑元素的富集特征进行了分析,发现西昆仑尼雅河中上游地区是新疆锑富集程度最高、富集规模最大的地区。通过区内锑背景含量、离散程度、异常分布、控制因素、锑元素富集与成矿的密切关系等内容研究,认为该区具有寻找大型锑矿的地质一地球化学条件,资源潜力巨大,是新疆最有希望的找锑远景区,有望成为新疆第一个大型锑矿勘查基地和生产基地。     

长白山西坡旅游资源评价及可持续发展研究

作者在野外调研的基础上，全面阐述了长白山西坡旅游资源的特征，并用层次分析法对其主要旅游景区（点）进行了定量评价，分析指出旅游开发的优越条件及存在的问题，针对性地提出长白山西坡旅游可持续发展的对策以供决策者参考。     

通辽市西辽河流域生态保护建设存在的问题和建议

国家实施西部大开发战略，把生态环境保护和建设作为根本性措施和切入点，给予了高度重视。自治区党委、政府也明确提出把生态建设作为全区最大的基础建设，将我区建设成为祖国北方最重要的生态防线，特别是近几年来的持续干旱和愈演愈烈的沙尘暴，已经引起了全社会对生态问题的广泛关注，并极大地激发了各族人民加强生态建设、改善生态环境的积极性和紧迫感。