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61.
依照《人民防空地下室设计规范》对门框墙构件设计计算时,其内力采用悬臂梁结构计算模型,但是门框墙结构从结构受力特性上分析更接近于四边约束的板式结构。在相同受力条件下,分别按基于规范的悬臂梁解析模型、基于板结构的门框墙结构模型和悬臂板结构模型,计算了固定端的内力。采用有限单元方法,对门框墙结构模型和悬臂板结构模型进行了数值计算。计算结果表明,基于规范的悬臂梁模型解析计算结果与门框墙结构模型数值计算结果(实际受力)相比,计算值偏大,大约增大10%。 相似文献
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为阻断某垃圾填埋场的甲烷气体向附近住宅区迁移的通道,防止甲烷气体给住宅区造成火灾爆炸灾害,在垃圾填埋场与住宅区之间修建了防渗墙和帷幕墙,并对其进行了跟踪监测.结果表明,防渗墙有效地阻隔了填埋场内甲烷气体向外迁移. 相似文献
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煤层瓦斯流动数值解算时空步长的选取 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
对应用有限差分法解算煤层瓦斯流动时,如何选取合适的时间步长和空间步长、如何根据煤层瓦斯压力分布计算煤壁瓦斯涌出量等问题进行了分析和探讨。用煤壁处节点与煤层内相邻节点间的瓦斯压力梯度来求煤壁瓦斯涌出量的方法误差较大。根据煤层内各节点的瓦斯压力值对瓦斯压力进行拟合,用拟合曲线在煤壁处的斜率作为煤壁瓦斯压力梯度计算瓦斯涌出量,能得到可靠精确的结果。通过考察选取不同时间步长和空间步长时煤壁瓦斯压力梯度的变化,提出了选取合适的时间步长和空间步长的方法。 相似文献
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P. Louka G. Vachon J.-F. Sini P. G. Mestayer J.-M. Rosant 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2002,2(5-6):351-364
The thermal effects on the airflow within a street canyon, which are produced by the variation of direct solar heating of the street sides and ground, are examined in this article. The investigation is based on the experimental results of the Nantes'99 campaign and numerical simulations performed with the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code CHENSI using the standard k- model. The Nantes'99 experimental campaign was performed in a North-to-South oriented central street canyon of Nantes, France. It was observed that a thin thermal layer develops locally within a few centimetres from the heated wall. It is anticipated that, the convective flow close to the windward wall, which was visualised during the experiment, carries air masses from the street level upwards, where normally cleaner air is transported. Consequently, thermal effects may be important for the air quality in the street.Based on the temperature and wind flow measurements, the flow and temperature fields were simulated first in two dimensions with the CFD code CHENSI. It was found that CHENSI overestimates the thermal effects on the canyon airflow showing the main re-circulation simulated in the isothermal case to change into two counter-rotating vortices after the inclusion of the heating of the windward wall. A reason for this overestimation is possibly the temperature wall function implemented for such thin thermal boundary layers in conjunction with the limitations in grid resolution. 相似文献
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Reconciling human and non-human use of urban regions to support biological conservation represents a major challenge for the 21st century. The concept of reconciliation ecology, by which the anthropogenic environment may be modified to encourage non-human use and biodiversity preservation without compromising societal utilization, potentially represents an appropriate paradigm for urban conservation given the generally poor opportunities that exist for reserve establishment and ecological restoration in urban areas. Two habitat improvement techniques with great potential for reconciliation ecology in urban areas are the installation of living roofs and walls, which have been shown to support a range of taxa at local scales. This paper evaluates the reconciliation potential of living roofs and walls, in particular highlighting both ecological and societal limitations that need to be overcome for application at the landscape scale. We further consider that successful utilization of living roofs and walls for urban reconciliation ecology will rely heavily on the participation of urban citizens, and that a 'citizen science' model is needed to facilitate public participation and support and to create an evidence base to determine their effectiveness. Living roofs and walls are just one aspect of urban reconciliation ecology, but are particularly important 'bottom-up' techniques for improving urban biodiversity that can be performed directly by the citizenry. 相似文献
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