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351.
Carolina Milhorance Marcel Bursztyn Eric Sabourin 《Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning》2020,22(3):381-396
ABSTRACTIn the climate and land use fields, policy mixes are complex in terms of the levels of governance, actors, and roles. They consist of policy instruments that target different actors and address multiple goals across several policy sectors and levels. The analysis of these complex arrangements extends beyond purely technical efficiency criteria, as several sources of tension between instruments may be identified, such as conflicting interests, goals, and approaches to implementation. The proliferation of governance networks complicates the understanding of actors’ interactions, the types of authority influencing the outcomes of policy mixes, and importance of different levels of governance. This article provides a framework to address these analytical challenges, particularly the interconnected networks of policy actors and policy instruments. It draws on polycentric governance literature to analyse how power matters in policy networks. This includes identifying distinct types of power, actors’ position, and variables that explain patterns of conflict, competition, convergence, and divergence in policy choices and outcomes. The framework is applied to the climate and land use policies implemented in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Several methods were used to clarify these variables and to characterise policy mixes being implemented in the region, including social network analysis. 相似文献
352.
Desmond McNeill 《Natural resources forum》1998,22(4):253-261
There has been much debate in recent years about whether or not water should be regarded as an 'economic good', and, if so, what this implies. This paper discusses both water resources in general and the more specific issue of domestic water supply within the context of current debates on sustainable development. It addresses some practical and some more philosophical aspects of the matter, and how these relate to the concerns of different international organisations involved in the sector. It argues that water should be regarded as an economic good, but in a broad rather than a narrow, 'economistic' sense. 相似文献
353.
我国推动清洁生产的政策机制 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
针对我国目前推行清洁生产中的实际问题,提出了应由政策建立起综合强制,激励,压力,支持多种作用的政策机制,以推动企业清洁生产持续实施,结合我国具体的条件,建议了近期和远期的实施措施。 相似文献
354.
完善环境保护强制性政策的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从目前我国实施强制性政策的现实必要性出发,合理界定强制性政策的科学内涵,剖析了其执行不力的症结与难点,探讨进一步完善、强化和实施的若干对策。 相似文献
355.
我国环境保护中的公众参与问题研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
阐述了公众参与的内涵和意义,介绍了公众参与在国际法、外国和我国环境立法实践的发展和现状。从参与形式、参与领域、参与过程、参与组织方式和参与基础5个方面分析了我国环境保护中公众参与存在的问题,并从法制保障、参与渠道和公众素养3个层面提出了完善我国环境保护中的公众参与的对策。 相似文献
356.
Fishing quota markets 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Richard G. Newell James N. Sanchirico Suzi Kerr 《Journal of Environmental Economics and Management》2005,49(3):437-462
In 1986, New Zealand responded to the open-access problem by establishing the world's largest individual transferable quota (ITQ) system. Using a 15-year panel dataset from New Zealand that covers 33 species and more than 150 markets for fishing quotas, we assess trends in market activity, price dispersion, and the fundamentals determining quota prices. We find that market activity is sufficiently high in the economically important markets and that price dispersion has decreased. We also find evidence of economically rational behavior through the relationship between quota lease and sale prices and fishing output and input prices, ecological variability, and market interest rates. Controlling for these factors, our results show a greater increase in quota prices for fish stocks that faced significant reductions, consistent with increased profitability due to rationalization. Overall, this suggests that these markets are operating reasonably well, implying that ITQs can be effective instruments for efficient fisheries management. 相似文献
357.
Professor S. Openshaw Mike Coombes 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1991,34(1):50-54
Policy indicators applied at a national scale can have considerable financial impact for resource allocations to individual counties, especially if there are extreme local factors. This article develops arid explores a new measure of population dispersal and sparsity and discusses the impact of this indicator in a variety of locations, by using GIS techniques. 相似文献
358.
Mike Danson 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》1991,34(2):89-95
This paper describes the recent economic history of the Scottish economy and uses a synthesised theory of labour market segmentation and the dual economy to identify the origins of the relative decline of Scottish industry and labour over the period, critically evaluating the role of the SDA and of government policy in general. Incorporating the impacts of takeover and merger of indigenous companies, the promotion of the branch plant economy, the selective effects of emigration and training schemes, and the reliance on small and medium sized companies to regenerate the economies of city‐regions, an analysis based on the importance of the centre‐periphery relations of monopoly capitalism for the Scottish economy is undertaken. 相似文献
359.
Kurt E. Yeager 《Environmental management》1996,20(6):967-971
Biodiversity is a critical environmental issue. Biodiverse species as a source of unique genetic information, for example, continues to provide society with lifesaving drugs and important industrial chemicals. Since US utilities are substantial landholders and virtually every aspect of utility operations are in some way tied to environmental/biodiversity issues, it is important and essential that the utility industry step forward as a leader. This paper details the past, present, and future role that utilities have played and need to play in the very important arena of biodiversity. 相似文献
360.
Brian Miller Richard Reading Courtney Conway Jerome A. Jackson Michael Hutchins Noel Snyder Steve Forrest Jack Frazier Scott Derrickson 《Environmental management》1994,18(5):637-645
This paper discusses common organizational problems that cause inadequate planning and implementation processes of endangered
species recovery across biologically dissimilar species. If these problems occur, even proven biological conservation techniques
are jeopardized. We propose a solution that requires accountability in all phases of the restoration process and is based
on cooperative input among government agencies, nongovernmental conservation organizations, and the academic community. The
first step is formation of a task-oriented recovery team that integrates the best expertise into the planning process. This
interdisciplinary team should be composed of people whose skills directly address issues critical for recovery. Once goals
and procedures are established, the responsible agency (for example, in the United States, the US Fish and Wildlife Service)
could divest some or all of its obligation for implementing the plan, yet still maintain oversight by holding implementing
entities contractually accountable. Regular, periodic outside review and public documentation of the recovery team, lead agency,
and the accomplishments of implementing bodies would permit evaluation necessary to improve performance. Increased cooperation
among agency and nongovernmental organizations provided by this model promises a more efficient use of limited resources toward
the conservation of biodiversity. 相似文献