基本农田调整划定方案合理性评价研究——以广东省龙门县为例

现阶段基本农田调整划定方案审查验收要点散见于相关政策要求和技术规程中,地方在落实基本农田方案时存在“划远不划近”、“划劣不划优”等现象,在实践层面缺乏一套对基本农田调整划定方案合理性进行有效评价的方法体系。论文从“数量不减少、质量有提高”的调整划定原则出发,尝试构建一套数量、质量兼顾的评价指标体系,其中约束指标是以法律法规和技术规程的相关要求为评价准则进行分值修正,质量控制指标是以调整划定前的现状为基准,通过对比分析后修正指标分值。而后基于约束指标和质量控制指标得分对调整划定后的方案进行评价,并以广东省龙门县为例进行了实证分析。研究结果表明龙门县基本农田调整划定方案在数量、质量方面符合相关规定,验证了方法体系的可行性。     

An ecological planning model

In this article a model is proposed that could be used as a basis for ecological planning of natural resources. The role of people as part of the ecosystem is emphasized, and the various factors that should be considered in such planning are discussed. An understanding of ecological planning is dependent on the study of human activities in, and the nature of, natural ecosystems. It also depends on the fact that people are a part of nature, and as a result nature is of value to humans. Realizing the importance of this principle is a prerequisite to studying nature and also for an understanding of the various steps in the ecological planning approach. Realization of these values is often through a series of activities that may result in a negative environmental impact. Nature is described as an interacting group of natural features and processes. In this study both the features and processes are described as natural resources. The use of these natural resources obviously affects them, and if this use is to continue over a long period, both the activity and the resource must be understood if they are to be maintained in a productive state. In order to limit impact and maintain value, a planning aid called zoning is used to assist in the understanding of the processes involved.     

长江流域0.1°网格逐日降水数据集及其精度

利用气象部门在长江流域及其附近地区的国家基本站和15省市的一般观测站1971~2005年期间的逐日降水资料,根据降水资料特点,提出使用Barnes插值和最近台站降水频率相结合的混合插值方案,得到长江流域分辨率为0.1经纬度的网格化降水逐日资料集,并通过交叉检验确定了其误差估计。结果表明,该混合插值方案对降水的模拟不但绝对误差和均方根误差较小,相关系数大,而且对降水的方差和频率模拟与观测接近,为降水资料在气象和其它领域的应用提供了逼真、连续和格点化的数据。     

广州市SO_2污染控制优化实施方案的建立

为有效控制广州市的SO2 污染 ,对常用的SO2 污染控制措施进行了费效分析 ,利用费效分析优选结果对各措施进行组合 ,形成了广州市SO2 污染控制优化实施方案     

基于非点源污染的水质监测方案研究

为了促进非点源污染监测的规范化和标准化,本研究归纳总结了基于常规技术条件下的非点源污染监测方案.该监测方案首先强调了监测前期的准备工作,包括监测区域的概况调查和指标筛选等;在监测方案的制定过程中将监测区域分为城区、农业和流域三类,城区以西安为例,通过功能区的划分设置采样点,总结了次降雨过程中采样的频率和方法等;农业以某灌区为例,通过单元划分,在各引水渠与排水渠设置采样点,并介绍了灌溉过程中的采样的次数、时间间隔等;流域以渭河关中段为例,提出了各采样断面的设置原则,分析了降雨过程中各断面的采样规律.最后讨论了不同区域非点源污染监测的主要特征,提出非点源污染监测方案是非点源污染研究和控制的基础.