大熊猫肌肉氨基酸含量的初步研究

测定了３只大熊猫的头部、背部和腿部等１０个肌肉样品中１７种氨基酸（ＡＡ）含量,并分析了各样品ＡＡ与Ｌｙｓ含量的比值．结果表明：对同一只大熊猫,不同部位的肌肉样品中各ＡＡ含量无明显差异;对同一个肌肉样品,１７种ＡＡ含量比较,Ｇｌｕ含量最高,Ａｓｐ、Ａｒｇ、Ｌｙｓ、Ｌｅｕ、Ａｌａ、Ｇｌｙ、Ｖａｌ、Ｐｒｏ、Ｔｈｒ、Ｐｈｅ等含量较高;不同年龄大熊猫肌肉ＡＡ含量有差异,除极少数ＡＡ外,未成熟雄性大熊猫肌肉ＡＡ含量高于成熟和老龄雌性大熊猫,且有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）;成熟雌性大熊猫肌肉中,除Ｐｒｏ外,其余所有ＡＡ含量与其年龄无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）;除极少数ＡＡ外,不同年龄、性别大熊猫肌肉样品中各ＡＡ与Ｌｙｓ含量的比值无明显差异     

一种海生黄藻的氨基酸和脂肪酸组成

对一种海生超微型藻类,品系ＰＰ９８３,的分类学地位、生长和生化组成进行了研究．形态学观察和色素分析表明,ＰＰ９８３ 是一种黄藻．在２５ ℃和１００ μｍｏｌ ｍ － ２ ｓ－１ 的条件下,ＰＰ９８３ 的生长速率为１．１５ ｄｉｖｄ,其对数生长期的蛋白质、脂肪和糖类质量分数分别为干重的４０ ．２％ 、２５ ．０ ％ 和１１ ．１％ ;共检出了１７ 种氨基酸,其总量为干重的２７．８ ％ ．ＰＰ９８３ 的多不饱和脂肪酸（ＰＵＦＡｓ）占总可提取脂肪酸的２６．４％ ,其中主要是ＥＰＡ,占干重的４．６％ ,而ＤＨＡ未检出．结果显示,ＰＰ９８３ 不仅可作为海生动物的优良饵料,而且是ＥＰＡ的重要潜在资源     

Organic composition in the dry season rainwater of Guangzhou, China

This paper reports the results from a study of the organic composition of rainwater collected at Tianhe district of Guangzhou city, P.R. China, during the dry season. Several special setups of a pyrex bottle with a glass funnel were used for the collection of the rainwater. Three fractions (aliphatics, PAHs and fatty acids) were separated from the total extracted organic compounds and identified with GC-MS. The molecular diagnostic ratios were utilized for the source reconciliation. The aliphatic hydrocarbon and the biomarkers (triterpanes and steranes) distribution show a characteristic of the petrochemical source in the rainwater samples. The PAHs diagnostic ratios [e.g. MP/P, MPI, Fl/ (Fl + Py)] indicated vehicular emissions. The fatty acids ratios (e.g. C_18:1/C_18:0 and C_18:2/C_18:0) reflect the contribution of cooking emissions, while the higher plant waxes play little part. Moreover, the values of MP/P, MPI, BaA/(BaA + CT) and BeP/(BeP + BaP) reflected the origin of the long-distance transportation to some extent. On the whole, for the dry season rainwater, all molecular diagnostic ratios indicated the complexity of the organic composition of the rain, which have the characteristics of both a local emission contribution and a long-distance transportation contribution.     

螯合淀粉衍生物对铜离子吸附性能的研究

以玉米淀粉为原料,经交联、间接醚化、胺化反应合成了交联氨基淀粉(CAS),CAS进一步与CS2亲核加成反应,合成了带有二硫代氨基甲酸(DTC)基团的DTC改性淀粉(DTCS)．研究了CAS和DTCS吸附铜离子的动力学行为,结果表明,二者对铜的吸附均符合Freundlich等温式．298K时,CAS和DTCS的吸附速率常数分别为κ=1．758h^-1和κ=10．32h^-1．根据对吸附行为的研究得到了表观动力学方程和热力学参数,并藉助IR和元素分析及吸附平衡研究了吸附机理．     

Characteristics of organic acid profiles in 16 species of wild growing edible mushrooms

The aim of study was to determine 9 organic acids in nine aboveground and seven wood-growing wild edible mushroom species originated from an area under the direct influence of a busy trunk road in Poland. The organic acids in the extracts of samples were identified by reversed-phase column liquid chromatography (RPLC). The presented results show that all the mushroom species were characterized by high variation in the profile and content of the analyzed acids. Each of mushroom species contained oxalic acid, the profiles of the other acids strictly depended on mushroom species. Among aboveground species, the highest total content of organic acids was found in Lepista gilva (267.5 ± 26.6 mg g^?1 dry weight (DW)), while Laccaria amethystina was characterized by the lowest content (37.7 ± 6.5 mg g^?1 DW). Within wood-growing species, the highest content of organic acids was determined in Flammulina velutipes (171.9 ± 26.7 mg g^?1 DW), whereas the lowest content (34.2 ± 2.9 mg g^?1 DW) of the studied acids was observed in Grifola frondosa.     

Hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction based on carrier-mediated transport for determination of urinary methyl hippuric acids

Hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction based on carrier-mediated transport for analysis of methyl hippuric acids in aqueous samples is described. Under optimized conditions, relative recoveries of 83%–98% and limits of detection of 2–3 µg L^?1 were obtained, with linear calibration curves for the three isomers in the range of 10–50,000 µg L^?1. The method was applied for the determination of urine samples of volunteers at various working environments.     

OPA柱前衍生-反向高效液相色谱法测定水中游离氨基酸

采用邻苯二甲醛柱前衍生5种氨基酸,用反向高效液相色谱法测定衍生化产物,通过优化衍生化条件和色谱条件,使该方法在0.25μmol/L~25μmol/L范围内线性良好。方法检出限为0.08μmol/L~0.12μmol/L,标准溶液测定6次的RSD为0.1%~1.2%,空白加标样的回收率为80.3%~115%。用该方法测定实际水样,5种氨基酸测定值均低于0.514μmol/L,加标回收率在75.5%~120%之间。     

MBR处理医院污水后续氯消毒及其消毒副产物研究

针对医院污水中致病微生物的特殊排放要求,研究了膜生物反应器（MBR）应用于医院污水处理中的预消毒及其后续氯消毒特性.结果表明,在工程应用中MBR具有显著的预消毒作用,对医院污水中的细菌总数和粪大肠杆菌的去除率分别达到2.0～3.1 lg和2.8～4.0 lg;对于MBR出水中残留的微生物,采用次氯酸钠进行后续消毒,当接触时间为1 h,在有效氯浓度为0.8 　mg/L时,可检测不出粪大肠杆菌,且放置6 h未见再生长,相应的THMs和HAAs分别为16.94 μg/L和32.10 μg/L;固定接触时间,随着Cl₂/DOC值的增加,MBR出水中THMs和HAAs均近似呈线性增长趋势（r²分别为0.941?5和 0.965?2）,且HAAs的增长速率高于THMs.     

黄河水中悬浮粒子对镉离子的交换吸附等温线

研究了黄河水中悬浮粒子对 Cd²⁺ 的交换吸附等温线以及赖氨酸和门冬氨酸对吸附作用的影响．研究结果得到一类具有一个“拐点”、两个“平台”的新型河流等温线,用分级离子交换等温式求出平衡常数 K₁ 和 K₂ ．当低浓度的氨基酸存在时,对镉与悬浮粒子的交换吸附起促进作用．促进作用的程度与氨基酸的等电点有关,赖氨酸的促进作用较门冬氨酸大．