厌氧升流式污泥层反应器内污泥颗粒化对固液分离效果的影响

厌氧升流式污泥层反应器在较高的COD容积负荷和水力负荷下稳定运行的关键是要有良好的固液分离,而固液分离的必要条件是污泥的沉降速度大于混合液在三相分离器的沉降区的最小断面上的向上流速。通过小型装置的试验表明,污泥的沉降速度与污泥的性状和浓度有关,使反应器内的污泥颗粒化能改善污泥沉降性、提高固液分离效果,使反应器能在相当高的COD容积负荷(20—30kgCOD/m~3·d)和水力负荷(0.8m~3/m~2·h)下稳定运行。本文叙述了厌氧升流式污泥层反应器内的污泥颗粒化过程,并简要地讨论了培养颗粒污泥的基本条件。     

一株苯酚降解菌的分离和鉴定

:从工业废水中分离到一株高效降解苯酚的菌株PHEA 2 ,它能够在以苯酚为单一碳源和能源的无机培养基上生长 ,其最高苯酚降解率为 394nmol/ (mg·min) .经Biolog细菌自动鉴定仪鉴定 ,该菌株为醋酸钙不动杆菌 (Acinetobactercalcoaceti cus) .采用PCR扩增获得的该菌 16SrDNA片段 ,核苷酸序列分析结果表明 ,该菌株的 16SrDNA的核苷酸序列与醋酸钙不动杆菌同源性为 98% .在细菌系统发育分类学上 ,PHEA 2归属变形细菌γ亚类、不动杆菌属、醋酸钙不动杆菌 .     

SBBR同步硝化反硝化处理生活污水的影响因素

序批式生物膜反应器SBBR采用塑料鲍尔环填料,在有氧情况下用于处理实际生活污水.该反应器能很好地创造缺氧微环境,载体生物膜具有吸附储碳能力,出现了良好的同步硝化和反硝化现象.反应器中溶解氧浓度在较大的范围内(0.8～4.0 mg·L-1)能有效地实现同步硝化和反硝化.当溶解氧浓度大于4.0 mg·L-1后,TN容积去除率大幅下降,出水TN大幅上升.增加载体生物膜厚度有利于同步硝化和反硝化.进水浓度基本不影响脱氮的效率,但出水TN随进水浓度增加而升高,建议原水浓度高时可增加后续脱氮处理或减少进水量来满足出水要求.优化运行方法和参数后,SBBR连续运行的TN去除率可稳定在74%～82%.     

Dimethyl phthalate biodegradation by Dunaliella tertiolecta

Dunaliella tertiolecta has an ability to biodegrade dimethyl phthalate(DMP) was found in this study, and the average of the biodegradation rates were 11.3 mg/(L·d) and 30.5 mg/(L·d), and the average of the phthalic acid (PA) production rates were 1.5 mg/(L·d) and 3.6 mg/(L·d), for initial 100 mg/L and 300 mg/L DMP, respectively. The larger amount of accumulation by D. tertiolecta under higher DMP concentration may be responsible for the increase of biodegradation rate, and one of products of DMP biodegradation by D. tertiolecta may be PA. By fitting the process of DMP biodegradation by D. tertiolecta with a kinetic equation newly suggested, the standard deviations between calculated and observed values were 2.5 mg/L and 5.7 mg/L, respectively.     

流化床电偶反应器

探讨了流化床电偶反应器的工作原理 ,阐述了流化床电偶反应器的结构特点及工艺性能 ,重点介绍了该反应器对多种有机废水和重金属离子废水净化的作用。     

厌氧酸化-二级PSB流化床工艺处理高浓度有机废水

采用厌氧酸化+二级光合细菌(PSB)流化床的组合工艺对植物压榨发酵废水进行降解实验,一级流化床(PSB1)中填料为轻质多孔炭渣,二级流化床(PSB2)为活性炭,扰动方式分别采用机械流化和机械气动组合流化,稳定运行40d。结果表明,进水酸化12h后CODCr由80000~120000mg/L降至63000~95000mg/L,进而由系统出水回流稀释至8000~12000mg/L,进入二级流化床反应器,PSB1白天厌氧光照、夜间微好氧,PSB2白天微好氧、夜间好氧,停留48h,CODCr降至295.8~384mg/L,稳定实现96.2%以上的CODCr去除率,TN去除率为71.3%。     

Biological pretreatment of Yellow River water

Bio-ceramic filter(BF) and moving-bed biofilm reactor(MBBR) were used for biological pretreatment of Yellow River water in this study. The BF only had slight advantage over MBBR for TOC and ammonia removal. However, like UV254, the average removal rate of THMFP in the BF was much higher than that in the MBBR. UV254 removal did not show obvious correlation with trihalomethane formation potential(THMFP) removal. Hexachlorocyclohexane could be effectively removed in both BF and MBBR. As for diatom and cyanobateria removal the MBBR had better performance than the BF, which was contrary to the average chlorophyll-a(Chl-a) removal rate. The proposal was made in this study that biological flocculation and sedimentation of sloughed biofilm should play a more important role on algae removal in the MBBR than in the BF. The BF and MBBR could effectively remove microcystins. Moreover, MBBR could be a promising technology for biological pretreatment.     

上海合流污水深海排放强化一级预处理的研究

复合式厌氧污泥床反应器是一种改进的厌氧处理工艺 ,可有效去除城市生活污水中的污染物 ,并提高了污水的可生化性 ,是一种较理想的城市污水强化一级处理工艺 ,为上海合流污水深海排放的实施提供了保障。本文对该工艺的装置特点和处理效果进行了分析研究 ,并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

厌氧水解改善富马酸废水的可生化性研究

炼油厂产生的难于生物降解的富马酸废水 ,其BOD5/CODcr均值 (比值平均值 )仅为 0 .2 83。采用厌氧水解对其进行处理 ,实验研究表明 :通过厌氧水解 ,其BOD5/CODcr可提高至 0 .433 ,废水的可生化性显著提高 ,为后续好氧处理创造了有利条件。     

含硫酸盐高浓度有机废水预处理的试验研究

在含硫酸盐高浓度有机废水浸泡铁刨花的静态试验的基础上，进行了“铁床”处理高浓度糖厂生产废水的动态试验。通过稳定工况之后，“铁床”CODcr平均下降41．3％，SO4^2-平均下降56．2％，有利于后续厌氧生物处理，并达到以废治废的目的。