RECYCLING INPUT DATA DURING ANALYTIC ELEMENT MODELING NEAR INDIANAPOLIS,INDIANA1

ABSTRACT: Overlapping and adjacent ground water investigations are common in areas where aquifers are threatened by industrial development. In the Indianapolis area in Marion County, Indiana, a patchwork of ground water flow models have been used during the past 20 years to evaluate ground water resources and to determine the effects of local contamination. In every case these ground water models were constructed from scratch. Site specific finite difference grids or finite element meshes inhibit the direct reuse of input data when the area of interest shifts. Because the aquifer is not discretized into a grid or mesh with analytic element models, there are unique opportunities for direct reuse of model input data. In two applications of this principle we illustrate how the newly emerging analytic element method allows a fairly straightforward reuse of model input data from previous models in the same general area. In analytic element models of Central Indiana, streams and their tributaries are represented in different resolutions. Input data items of several modeling studies are stored and cataloged on disk in such a manner that they can be selectively retrieved by a data management program PREPRO. In this manner, a new ground water model can be set up quickly with input data which have been previously defined and tested during model calibration.     

GEOMORPHIC AND PEDOLOGIC INFLUENCE ON SMALL-SCALE EPHEMERAL CHANNEL DIMENSION IN RANGELANDS1

ABSTRACT: Geomorphic processes may partly determine channel geometry. Soil particle uplift during freezing and thawing cycles and bank sloughing during wetting and drying periods were observed. Soil properties and channel dimension were measured to determine the dominant processes controlling channel geometry in eight small (mean area 0.096 km²) drainages in Logan Canyon, Utah. Soil cohesion was low (plasticity index > 15) for all but one of the drainages sampled. Basin scale geomorphic variables were examined to determine if they control channel dimension. Bankfull width was highly correlated to channel length and valley length with r² values of 0.85 and 0.84, respectively. A strong canonical correlation (0.64) showed that distance from the watershed divide, bank liquid limit, and bank sand content were effective predictor variables of bankfull width and depth. The interrelations between geomorphic and pedogenic processes were the strongest determinants of ephemeral channel dimension in this study.     

城市基础设施安全系统的结构与和谐发展

城市基础设施安全关系到人民生命财产的安全,也制约着城市经济、社会、环境的协调发展。整个安全系统由7个安全子系统组成,它们相对独立,协调运转,共同影响城市经济、社会和环境的效益。笔者运用ANP法(网络分析法)剖析了城市基础设施安全系统的结构及其内在规律;应用科学发展观,整合城市基础设施安全系统和经济系统、社会系统、环境系统之间相辅相成的发展关系,提出一体化的可持续发展模式;同时指出,可持续发展的动力、资源和条件都受到城市内外经济、社会、环境因素的制约,为满足整个安全系统和谐发展的要求,必须科学规划和管理城市基础设施,保证其安全运行。     

污水处理厂规划中AHP方法的应用

采用层次分析法(Analytic HierarchyProcess,AHP)对中山市某镇污水处理厂建设进行了方案选择模型的建立并寻求方案的优化决策。介绍了某镇具体状况,以AHP法进行优化计算,并针对污水处理系统的具体情况以Fuzzy方法优选出最佳方案。     

基于FAHP-MODM的矿井通风系统可靠性综合评价

为了提高矿井通风系统可靠性评价的准确性,结合模糊层次分析法和多目标决策理论对矿井通风系统可靠性进行综合评价。基于人-机-环-管理系统构建评价指标并确定评价策略,确定各指标主观权重和客观权重,利用线性加权法确定综合评价值并通过实例分析矿井通风系统各观测点的可靠性,对其进行优劣排序并得出可靠性等级。评价结果表明,FAHP-MODM可对矿井通风系统可靠性做出准确的评价。     

南海北部海域油气勘探保障建设选址适宜性研究

为分析南海北部海域油气勘探保障建设选址的适宜性,在广泛研究备选区特征资料的基础上,基于层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP)原理,以自然环境因素、开发环境因素、基础设施与投资情况以及其他因素作为一级评判准则,建立了包括12项二级评判准则的递进层次结构模型,并以永兴岛、赵述岛和晋卿岛作为3个假定备选区,来验证分析评价模型的有效性和可靠性。AHP评判结果显示,3个备选区的整体优劣指数依次为0.587 1, 0.212 1, 0.200 8;AHP模型的一致性比例CR值为0.020 3。通过分析和筛选影响远海油气勘探保障建设的选址因子,构建基于AHP原理的选址评价模型,可用于分析评价南海北部岛礁油气勘探保障建设选址的适宜性。     

机械制造企业安全现状模糊综合评价

为完善机械制造企业安全现状综合评价指标体系及评价方法,建立了包括人、物、环、管四个方面的机械制造企业安全现状综合评价指标体系,提出了模糊综合评价方法;运用层次分析法计算指标权重,采用专家评价和隶属度函数相结合的方法来确定各指标的评语等级隶属度;将该方法应用于湖南某汽车制造企业的安全现状综合评价中,得出企业安全现状等级为较好,明确了该企业在人员素质和作业环境方面存在的不足,为制定安全对策措施提供了指导。     

基于改进N-K模型的公共建筑火灾风险耦合研究

为了弥补传统N-K模型需要大量统计数据支撑才能应用的局限性,提出了一种改进N-K模型。该模型能在缺少统计数据的情况下,结合层次分析法将事故发生概率替代为风险因素的频度进行风险耦合度计算。将此方法应用于公共建筑火灾风险耦合的研究中,结果表明:耦合风险因素越多,风险值越大;耦合风险因素相同时,建筑因素比设备因素更易造成火灾事故,人员因素比管理因素更易造成火灾事故;主观因素耦合风险比客观因素耦合风险大。分析结果与近些年发生的公共建筑火灾事故比较,关键致因风险及耦合情况与实际总体状况一致,证明了改进N-K模型具有一定理论价值。     

基于AHP分析的张家界非物质文化遗产资源潜力评价研究

运用德尔菲法、层次分析法构建了由4个二级指标、18个三级指标构成的非物质文化遗产资源评价体系。在以张家界为案例的实证研究中发现,非物质文化遗产的资源潜力与资源等级不成正比,桑植民歌、大庸硬气功的资源潜力很高,张家界阳戏的资源潜力次之,土家茅古斯虽然稀有,但是资源潜力较低。     

朝阳开发区造纸工业园建设可持续发展研究与实践

针对朝阳开发区造纸工业园控制性详细规划,采用层次分析法构建规划环境影响评价指标体系,在此基础上,分析朝阳开发区造纸工业园建设的可持续发展水平,为朝阳开发区造纸工业园建设环境决策的科学性提供技术依据。朝阳开发区造纸工业园区域发展规划实施后,规划各期区域整体可持续发展水平基本保持稳定,均为Ⅲ级,即可持续发展水平为中等。经济子系统和社会子系统可持续发展水平各期逐渐下降,而环境子系统可持续发展水平各期呈上升趋势。这说明,随着园区的进一步发展,其环境效益日益明显。