Rehabilitation in Complex Political Emergencies: Is Rebuilding Civil Society the Answer?

The paper examines the challenge of rehabilitation from complex political emergencies (CPEs) and identifies a strategy that is characterised as a civil society rebuilding approach. It focuses on Somalia and a case study of a CARE project that aims to build the capacity of local NGOs. The paper argues that civil society in CPEs is simultaneously being undermined and contested by warring parties and emerging after state collapse. The scope of the paper is limited to one case study and that case study examines only a single aspect of civil society: national and international NGOs. The paper therefore presents tentative and preliminary results based on limited research. However, in reviewing the literature and presenting a way of approaching the subject, it aims to suggest a starting-point for developing a theoretical framework for such research. The paper finds that international agencies have tended to focus on civil society institutions simply as conduits for aid money and that this has tended to create organisations which lack downward accountability, are dependent on donors and are not addressing the wider roles for civil society envisaged in the approach. Rebuilding civil society does hold out the promise of giving non-military interests a stronger voice and starting a process of changing the aid delivery culture. Achieving these objectives, however, will be a slow and largely indigenous process and there is a need for lowered expectations about what outside assistance can achieve     

A systematic review of animal personality in conservation science

Although animal personality research may have applied uses, this suggestion has yet to be evaluated by assessing empirical studies examining animal personality and conservation. To address this knowledge gap, we performed a systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature relating to conservation science and animal personality. Criteria for inclusion in our review included access to full text, primary research articles, and relevant animal conservation or personality focus (i.e., not human personality studies). Ninety-two articles met these criteria. We summarized the conservation contexts, testing procedures (including species and sample size), analytical approach, claimed personality traits (activity, aggression, boldness, exploration, and sociability), and each report's key findings and conservation-focused suggestions. Although providing evidence for repeatability in behavior is crucial for personality studies, repeatability quantification was implemented in only half of the reports. Nonetheless, each of the 5 personality traits were investigated to some extent in a range of conservations contexts. The most robust studies in the field showed variance in how personality relates to other ecologically important variables across species and contexts. Moreover, many studies were first attempts at using personality for conservation purposes in a given study system. Overall, it appears personality is not yet a fully realized tool for conservation. To apply personality research to conservation problems, we suggest researchers think about where individual differences in behavior may affect conservation outcomes in their system, assess where there are opportunities for repeated measures, and follow the most current methodological guides on quantifying personality.     

基于客源市场实证分析的乡村旅游发展模式研究——以成都市三圣乡为例

本文选择成都富有特色的乡村旅游个案调查,对客源市场采用Likert Scale方法和SPSS软件分析,对如何凸显地方特色,构建“乡村—生态—民俗文化”的乡村旅游发展模式,推动乡村旅游可持续发展,提出了现实指导建议.     

活性炭膜处理工业废水的试验研究

将活性炭膜与常规弹性材料同时作为生物接触氧化处理工艺的填料,分别加装在相同条件的两套接触氧化池中,采用生物接触氧化处理工艺,在同样的条件下处理工业废水,经过对试验数据的对比分析得出:以活性炭膜为填料,处理废水的能力更强,净化效果更好。     

职业安全绩效指标研究

为了建立企业安全生产长效机制,提高安全管理水平,预防事故的发生,笔者在研究国内外企业安全绩效要素及分类方法的基础上,提出了包含10个一级要素及50个二级要素的企业安全绩效指标体系,并就指标的设立原则、定义、权重的确定和应用进行了阐述示例。同时,也为政府安全监管部门提供了科学决策的依据。     

BOD微生物膜的再利用研究初探

对失去大部分活性的微生物膜进行再培养，以研究膜再利用的可能性。试验结果初部表明：在1／2MS培养基中加入一定量的植物激素，不仅可以使膜的电位值（I0）显著升高，且活性强，稳定性好，可使膜重复利用。     

谈谈英语学习方式的转变

很多学生现在对英语学习感到无所适从，他们觉得自己无论如何尽力也没有办法提高英语成绩。本文对这种情况的出现做了简单的分析，并提出了一些建议。     

A narrative perspective on institutional work in environmental governance – insights from a beach nourishment case study in Sweden

Institutional work offers a promising lens for understanding institutional change, focusing on the efforts of actors in creating, maintaining or disrupting institutions. In this paper, we explore the capacity of a narrative approach to provide insights on institutional work, using a case study from the coast of Sweden. We identify four narratives that compete in the policy discourse regarding erosion and beach nourishment in the coastal province of Scania. The narratives reveal that actors hold different beliefs concerning the magnitude of the erosion problem, the division of responsibilities and the suitability of sand nourishment as a coastal protection measure. The narrative competition is considered reflective of past institutional discussions and ongoing institutional work in coastal management in Scania, confirming that narratives are used as sense-making and meaning-giving devices in institutional discussions.     

火灾科学的研究与展望

火灾科学应社会需求而产生,目前已经形成了自己的研究框架及体系。我国火灾科学基础研究已初具结构和规模,而且确定了相应的社会定位。展望了火灾科学研究的发展前景 。     

生命价值的实证研究

笔者所研究的生命特指人的生命 ,所讨论的价值 ,是经济学意义上的价值。论文首先从理论与实践两个角度提出了测定生命价值的必要性 ,在深入探讨与本论文相关的人、生命、价值等概念后 ,对生命价值概念分 3个层次进行了界定。通过对价值理论的比较 ,选择马克思的劳动价值论及其最新研究成果与现代人力资本理论作为立论的基础 ,重点探讨了生命价值的决定理论 ,包括生命价值形成过程、人力资源和人力资本与生命价值的关系、生命价值的变化规律等。在借鉴国内外计算方法的基础上 ,分别就青少年、成年人、老年人设计了生命价值计算模型 ,并重点对成年人生命价值计算模型进行了检验与应用 ,对具有代表性的成年体力劳动者的生命价值进行了测算 ,结果比较合理 ,且与世界银行的估计值接近。论文在宏观方面为完善社会主义市场经济体制 ,充分发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用 ,实现人的全面发展将起到积极作用 ,并为国家制定安全、环保、社保政策提供了科学依据 ;在微观方面为个人在各种事故中的赔偿和涉及人身的各种民事诉讼提供仲裁或判决依据。