Analyzing the safety impact of longer and heavier vehicles circulating in the European market

Introduction: The European Union (EU) has developed different strategies to internalize the costs of excessive motor traffic in the road freight transport sector. One of these is a relaxation of restrictions on the size and load capacity of trucks that circulate between member States and a proposal has been made for Longer and Heavier Vehicles (LHVs) to be allowed to circulate across borders. LHVs are the so-called “megatrucks” (i.e., trucks with a length of 25 meters and a weight of 60 tonnes). Megatrucks have allowed to circulate for decades in some European countries such as Norway, Finland, and Sweden, world leaders in traffic accident prevention, although the impact that cross-border traffic would have on road safety is still unknown. Methods: This article provides an econometric analysis of the potential impact on road safety of allowing the circulation of “megatrucks” throughout the EU. Results: The findings show that countries that currently allow megatrucks to circulate present lower traffic accident and fatality levels, on average. Conclusions: The circulation of this type of vehicle is only advisable in countries where there is a certain degree of maturity and demonstrated achievements in the field of road safety. Practical applications: European countries that have allowed megatruck circulation obtaining better road safety outcomes in terms of accidents, although the accident lethality rate seems to be higher. Consequently, introducing megatruck circulation requires a prior proper preparation and examination.     

我国堰塞湖致因分析及灾害链构建研究*

为揭示我国堰塞湖形成机理,基于堰塞湖实际案例,依据灾害链式演变规律,构建我国堰塞湖灾害链模型;以灾害链模型中各因素为节点,各因素间作用关系为边,构建我国堰塞湖灾害链演化网络模型,利用Gephi软件实现灾害链演化网络可视化和拓扑参数计算,最终确定堰塞湖防治关键因素。结果表明:持续降雨作用于山地地貌,导致山体滑坡,该类堰塞湖致因在我国较为普遍,通过加大特定地区雨量与地质环境监测力度,可有效提高我国自然灾害防治水平。     

基于人误系统复合状态(MSHES)的人误防范理论研究

评析国内外以第一代人因可靠性分析(静态)、第二代人因可靠性分析(动态)为主体形成的人误防范理论和方法;针对目前不能量化人的生理、认知、心理等相关非结构性和非确定性参数和数据的"瓶颈",建立基于人-机-环系统业务流程的人误系统复合状态(Multiplex State ofHumanErrors System,MSHES)结构模型;探求运用粗糙集数据挖掘,对资深专业人员的经验规则信息、人因事故或事件分析的信息,挖掘人因层次结构中的根因与人误层次结构中的差错之间的关联关系,构建基于规则的人误防范专家系统结构模型;探究人的风险性评估和人误防范理论。     

基于WebGIS的包头市环境地理信息系统平台搭建

本文首先综述了包头市环境地理信息系统平台的总体结构、功能模块、数据构成等,然后着重阐述EGIS平台下的环保数据构成、异构异地数据集成的关键技术和空间数据库与多元数据库的关联接口,最后论述了建设该平台的设计方法和平台特点。     

国家环境数据共享与服务体系研究

结合我国环境数据共享与服务面临的问题,对国家环境数据共享与服务体系的时代背景、概念和实质、技术框架、主要建设内容等进行了研究。指出国家环境数据共享与服务体系是政府主导建设的环境信息资源网,核心由三级环境数据中心、依托于四级专网的环境数据传输与交换平台以及分别依托于内网、专网和互联网的各级共享服务门户构成。     

自然贮存场自然环境剖面归纳处理

针对某自然贮存场近几年的自然环境因素数据,应用小波分析理论对温度数据的周期分量和随机分量进行了分离.在数据分离的基础上,根据阿仑尼斯方程对年温度数据的周期分量,进行了等效平均,获得以热天、冷天划分的年恒定温度剖面.根据Manson-coffin模型对温度数据的随机分量进行了等效循环处理,最后综合得到贮存场的试验室模拟试...     

飞机结构单机寿命监控的几个关键问题的研究

飞机结构的使用寿命取决于使用方法,实施单机寿命监控能够有效地体现出这种差异性.基于飞行参数监控的思想,综合考虑了计算精度和计算效率,对不同采样率和不同滤波门槛值的影响进行了分析,确定了适用的采样率和门槛值;综合分析了不同情况下外挂质量对损伤计算结果的影响,为飞机结构实施单机寿命监控提供了技术保障.     

自动在线监测数据质量保证研究

对自动在线监测设备监测数据质量保证系统进行了研究,并在在线监测系统的硬件环境、管理体制和软件系统三个方面进行了具体的分析和研究.     

Using data mining technology to explore causes of inaccurate reliability data and suggestions for maintenance management

Reliability data reflects equipment safety and provides a reference for setting inspection period, thereby serving as crucial information for the implementation of equipment integrity management policies. The calculation foundation of reliability data is maintenance records of adequate data quality. However, maintenance records of doubtful quality are common. Despite excluding poor quality recodes and using only the remaining maintenance recodes to calculate the reliability data, the calculated results generally lack a sufficient degree of confidence. This study applied data mining technology, including quality metrics, the association rule, and clustering, to explore the cause of low-quality maintenance data. The results revealed that the low data quality of maintenance records was due to ineffective maintenance policies, the low integrity of key system columns, nonadherence to the policy, and misunderstanding of column definitions. The proposed method successfully identified the causes of low-quality maintenance records. By incorporating the method into the function module of a CMMS, operators can equip the system with self-diagnosis, self-supervision, and continuous optimization functions.