经济发展与环境退化的动态演进——环境库兹涅茨曲线研究进展

环境库兹涅茨曲线（EKC）阐述了经济发展和环境退化之间的动态演进过程，即随着经济的发展环境先不断恶化，到达顶点后逐渐改善。从实证研究、计量模型和分解分析三条线索回顾总结了国内外研究成果。随着EKC研究的发展，环境指标从污染指标扩展到资源生态指标和环境效率指标，而实证研究表明并非所有的环境指标和经济变量之间都存在“倒U型”关系。目前计量模型以简化式为多，结构式较少。由于分解分析方法能够定量化各种影响因素对污染排放变化的贡献率，因而在EKC成因研究中日益受到重视。尽管研究取得了较大进展，但生态环境阈值、污染的时空转移、数据处理与模型方法、环境控制政策和管理等方面仍需进一步研究，关键要在数据处理和模型构建方面取得突破。     

地震前兆资料减灾信息的综合开发

近一、二十年建立起来的地震前兆观测台网,不仅为地震预测预报提供了大量科学数据,而且蕴藏着丰富的减灾信息,有待我们去开发。综合观测、综合分析和综合预报是防灾减灾的必由之路。     

Pollution performance of firms from pulp and paper industries

The water pollution emissions by 13 of the largest pulp and paper companies, developed on the basis of monthly reports filed with the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) by these companies, indicate a wide disparity in the amount of pollution discharged by them into the nation's waterways. Furthermore, the net discharge of pollution in waterways by all firms is positive, which indicates that all the firms in the study pollute the nation's waterways to some degree. Information presented in this study will be useful for public issues, such as evaluating the effectiveness of the Clean Water Act, government's water pollution policy and abatement strategy, and management's effectiveness in abating water pollution.     

GOALS AND DATA COLLECTION DESIGNS FOR WATER QUALITY MONITORING1

ABSTRACT: Water quality monitoring cannot address every information need through one data collection procedure. This paper discusses the goals and related procedures for designing water quality monitoring programs. The discussion focuses on the broad information needs of those agencies operating water quality networks. These information needs include the ability to assess trends and environmental impacts, determine compliance with objectives or standards, estimate mass transport, and perform general surveillance. Each of these information needs has different data requirements. This paper outlines these goals and discusses factors to consider in developing a monitoring plan on a site by site basis.     

影响污染源监测数据质量因素分析

阐述了环境监测中，影响污染源监测数据质量的因素主要可归纳为取样、流量、分析3个方面。     

关于新疆地震科技档案管理的思考

本文分析了新疆地震科技档案管理的现状;面对国家地震局"十五"计划中,地震观测记录全面实现数字化的要求,针对地震科技档案管理、利用中存在的问题,提出了改进地震科技档案管理的建议,特别强调了对数字化地震台网产生的数据记录光盘等电子载体的科学管理。     

The potential of remote sensing data for decision makers at the state, local and tribal level: experiences from NASA’s Synergy program

NASA’s Earth Observation System (EOS) satellite data are contributing to the development of policy relevant, remote sensing applications. To promote the use of EOS data for application development, NASA funded the Synergy program in 2000 in partnership with academia, end users, and industry. Three examples of remote sensing applications from the Synergy program are presented here and include agriculture, range management, and water resource management. These examples show that remote sensing products have the potential to be useful to a variety of decision makers and policy makers because of the opportunity to reduce chemicals in the environment, improve crop yields and better manage range lands and water resources. Transitioning from research and development to successful applications must overcome challenges such as the lack of awareness by end users of these technologies, inadequate feedback mechanism between application developers and end users, and unproven cost benefits of remote sensing data. Experience from the Synergy program indicates that these issues could be mitigated by educating and training end users, demonstrating the utility of remote sensing data in improving decision making, and establishing and maintaining a continuous dialogue between developers and end users. Sustainability of remote sensing applications ultimately depends on users continuing reliance on products and benefits from remote sensing data. The Synergy program also demonstrates that remote sensing data sets that are collected primarily for global change research contribute to the development of applications in a variety of disciplines at the regional and local level.     

福建地磁总强观测资料综合处理与讨论

运用AUTOCAD软件对福建省龙岩、永安、邵武、漳州、同安、泉州六个台站的1982年1月1日至2002年12月31日总强观测资料,进行处理分析.所得结果不仅表明六个台站的磁场变化特征较为明显,同步变化具有很强的吻合性,而且客观地反映了各台站小范围背景场磁场干扰、仪器工作状态不佳、少量数据质量差、数据连续性差等问题.本文还对数据的使用、台湾强震群与福建磁场变化特征提出了分析意见.这些在很大程度上可以为数字化观测数据的分析使用提供借鉴,为进一步提高和完善观测质量提供参考依据.     

沈阳市突发性环境污染事故应急地理信息系统

本文简要介绍了突发性环境污染事故地理信息系统的空间数据显示方法 ,并探讨了在 VB集成环境下 ,用Map Basic语言、SQL语言及 DAO来实现 Map Info电子地图上的空间数据处理技术。     

人工神经网络模型在石油资源预测中的应用

锦270井区大凌河油层是盆地大幅度沉降条件下的产物，以深陷湖环境为主，发育湖底扇浊积岩。准确预测大凌河油层的砂体分布和泥质含量，是勘探目标选择的关键。由于钻井资料少，不能反映储层横向变化。为了准确预测储层的横向变化，综合钻井地质资料和地震勘探资料，并为了反映地震资料的多个参数与储层横向变化间的非线性相关关系，采用人工神经网络模型进行预测，计算了大凌河油层砂层厚度和泥质含量的平面分布。依据计算结果，分析了有利油气区的分布，并给出了几点结论。