TiO2/SiO2催化剂光催化降解罗丹明B的表观动力学

采用多孔硅胶为载体的TiO₂/SiO₂光催化剂,建立了三相内循环流化床光催化氧化体系,并以罗丹明B染料为典型污染物,研究其降解规律.通过对罗丹明B降解过程的表观动力学研究,发现在该体系中罗丹明B的降解并不符合Langmuir-Hinshelwood反应动力学模型.实验表明,其降解反应动力学符合双曲型模式,即降解率的倒数1/X和时间的倒数1/t成线性关系.反应速率常数与反应物初始浓度无关,与光源强度和相对体积能量吸收速率成正比.将不同实验条件下的罗丹明B的降解率实测值与模型计算值相比较,二者能很好吻合,平均相对偏差仅为3.25%.     

某城市建筑泥浆污染现状调查研究

以某城市为例,研究城市建筑泥浆的污染现状,并分析泥浆受到污染的原因.结果表明:对照《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838-2002)中的Ⅳ类标准限值,调研的4个工地泥浆水全部超标;该城市地层土壤中的有机质、总氮、总磷含量高是泥浆水超标的重要原因,工地制浆使用的地表水和污水也不能满足Ⅳ类水质的要求.在建筑工地的管理中,应...     

矿用救生舱内二氧化碳净化特性研究

煤矿救生舱是在矿井下发生事故后保护被困矿工生存、等待救援的密闭舱室设备。在救援过程中,二氧化碳的处理是舱内空气净化系统的一项主要功能。本文对救生舱内二氧化碳净化装置的功率、吸收效率、药剂床层厚度等因素进行了一系列试验,确定了救生舱二氧化碳的最优净化方式,并通过救生舱内真人生存试验对其进行了验证。最终得出救生舱内处理二氧化碳最佳反应条件为:药剂量20kg,最佳功率为100W;间歇式工作的运行时间与停机时间比例为2:3;在救生舱内8人生存模拟实验中,得出8kg药剂可供8人使用6.1h,平均吸收速率为1.34L/min。     

一种高效节能的生物三相流化床技术

将竖流式生物三相流化床改为封闭卧式生物三相流化床后 ,不但保留了竖流式生物三相流化床原有的优点 ,消除了竖流式生物三相流化床存在的一些缺陷 ,而且又新增了功能 ,特别是电耗下降近 4 0 %。并着重介绍封闭卧式生物三相流化床在地下车库或其它对高度有限制场所的应用实例。该设备在处理餐饮业废水和一些中、小型工业有机废水中有较高的推广价值。     

循环流化床烟气悬浮脱硫技术中试及机理分析

设计了新的循环流化床烟气悬浮脱硫中试装置,其烟气处理量达3500m³/h.首先进行了进料钙硫比(Ca/S)、过饱和温度对装置脱硫效率影响实验,进一步研究了脱硫塔内固体颗粒物循环和烟气流速等因素对脱硫装置性能的影响.对比实验研究表明:在Ca/S=1.2时,固体颗粒物的循环使系统脱硫效率提高15% 左右;脱硫塔内烟气设计流速可以偏高一些.本文同时对系统脱硫过程进行了机理分析,指出了延长脱硫剂有效停留时间的途径.     

The deflectors influence on flow complexity,bed morphology,sediment transport and water quality of urban lotic waters - A laboratory study

In this laboratory study different combinations of bed (sand, pebble gravel [gravel], and a mix of sand and gravel) and flow (typical and overtopping) were experimented with to investigate the impact of porous deflectors in flow diversity, water quality, and fish performance in prismatic open channels. Deflectors changed the gradually varied flow to a rapidly varied flow, as a sudden change in the water depth was observed at the deflectors, and this change was large for smooth beds. With the presence of gravel, the scouring near the downstream deflector was almost twice that of the sand bed, and with the scouring at its own upstream deflector, irrespective of whether the flow was typical or overtopping. This behavior was a result of sand mobilization due to shear stress and sand mobilization aided gravel transport. The mixed bed showed less gravel movement compared to the gravel-only bed. The percentage of sediment washed out was minor for all bed scenarios, indicating that sediment transport was local. Relative to the sand bed without deflectors (representing a typical urban canal), deflectors resulted in reduced and improved water quality (in terms of sediment load) for sand, and mixed bed, respectively. The fishes found refuge and were comfortable in the pool areas created by deflectors unlike in channels without deflectors where they showed exhaustion.     

The use of nanovermiculite catalyst in the study of removal of the organic load and degradation of atrazine via ozone process in RPB reactor

Abstract

The main objective of this study is the degradation of a synthetic solution of atrazine by a modified vermiculite catalyzed ozonation, in a rotating packed bed (RPB) reactor. A 0.5?L RPB reactor was used to perform the experiments, using a Central Composite Design (CCD) response surface to construct the quadratic model based on the factors: pH, catalyst concentration and reactor rotation frequency. The response variable was the removal of the organic load measured in terms of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). After the complete quadratic model was constructed through the response surface, the COD degradation process had an optimal removal of 41% under the following conditions: pH 8.0, rotation of 1150?rpm and catalyst concentration 0.66?g L^?1.     

天然沸石床处理受污染景观水体的试验

采用天然沸石滤床对富营养化景观湖水进行净化试验,结果表明,天然沸石滤床能有效地净化受污染的湖水,CODCr、氨氮、总磷和浊度的去除率分别为35.8%、95.0%、66.7%和78.0%,沸石能有效地去除水中的氨氮,其作用机理包括离子交换和生物硝化两种作用。     

复极性固定床电解槽内电极电位的分布

本文通过设计独特的测量和检验实验装置，对复极性固定床电解槽内的电极电位进行了测试。发现了槽内反应的动力就是槽内粒子与溶液的电位之差，可通过调节它的变化来控制反应的进行。     

单甲脒盐酸盐农药在水体悬浮颗粒物上的吸附行为

用批量平衡法研究了单甲脒农药在三种水体悬浮颗粒物上的吸附规律，所得数据进行回分析后，发现吸附规律符合Ｆｒｅｕｎｄｉｌｉｃｈ方程，并且在悬浮颗粒物上的吸附能力随着颗粒物中有机碳含量的增加而稍有减少。