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好氧-缺氧一体化高效分离生物流化复合反应器 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
鉴于污水处理中对氮、磷去除率的要求和内循环三相生物流化床反应器存在的一些不足,为此,设计开发了一种好氧-缺氧一体化高效分离生物流化复合反应器。该反应器对好氧循环流化区采用了独特的分格结构,当反应器处理规模增大时,在不增加反应器总体高度的基础上,保证了循环流化区的高径比。循环流化反应器与高效气浮分离反应器的耦合,克服了循环流化床以沉淀原理为基础的固液分离效果不佳的状况,既可以保证出水水质,又可以实现反应器的一体化。通过气体提升方式实现了好氧出水回流,使该种反应器能够实现脱氮和部分除磷的目的。该反应器处理生活污水的初步试验结果表明它具有很好的抗冲击负荷和去除有机物的性能。 相似文献
214.
采油废水处理方法与技术研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采油废水具有成分复杂、可生化性差、含盐量高等特点,直接排放可对环境造成严重影响。对近年来国内外采油废水的特点和处理技术方法研究进展进行了综述,分析各类处理方法的特点,并提出了今后研究方向。 相似文献
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XIE Jian-jun YANG Xue-min ZHANG Lei DING Tong-li SONG Wen-li LIN Wei-gang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(1):109-116
This paper presents the experimental investigations of the emissions of SO2, NO and N2O in a bench scale circulating fluidized bed combustor for coal combustion and co-firing coal and biomass. The thermal capacity of the combustor is 30 kW. The setup is electrically heated during startup. The influence of the excess air, the degree of the air staging, the biomass share and the feeding position of the fuels on the emissions of SO2, NO and N2O were studied. The results showed that an increase in the biomass shares resulted in an increase of the CO concentration in the flue gas, probably due to the high volatile content of the biomass. In co-firing, the emission of SO2 increased with increasing biomass share slightly, however, non-linear increase relationship between SO2 emission and fuel sulfur content was observed. Air staging significantly decreased the NO emission without raising the SO2 level. Although the change of the fuel feeding position from riser to downer resulted in a decrease in the NO emission level, no obvious change was observed for the SO2 level. Taking the coal feeding position R as a reference, the relative NO emission could significantly decrease during co-firing coal and biomass when feeding fuel at position D and keeping the first stage stoichiometry greater than 0.95. The possible mechanisms of the sulfur and nitrogen chemistry at these conditions were discussed and the ways of simultaneous reduction of SO2, NO and N2O were proposed. 相似文献
217.
Anaerobic tapered fluidized bed reactor for starch wastewater treatment and
modeling using multilayer perceptron neural network 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Anaerobic treatability of synthetic sago wastewater was investigated in a laboratory anaerobic tapered fluidized bed reactor(ATFBR) with a mesoporous granular activated carbon(GAC)as a support material.The experimental protocol was defined to examine the effect of the maximum organic loading rate(OLR),hydraulic retention time(HRT),the efficiency of the reactor and to report on its steady- state performance.The reactor was subjected to a steady-state operation over a range of OLR up to 85.44 kg COD/(m~3.d).The COD removal efficiency was found to be 92% in the reactor while the biogas produced in the digester reached 25.38 m~3/(m~3·d) of the reactor. With the increase of OLR from 83.7 kg COD/(m~3.d),the COD removal efficiency decreased.Also an artificial neural network(ANN) model using multilayer perceptron(MLP)has been developed for a system of two input variable and five output dependent variables. For the training of the input-output data,the experimental values obtained have been used.The output parameters predicted have been found to be much closer to the corresponding experimental ones and the model was validated for 30% of the untrained data.The mean square error(MSE)was found to be only 0.0146. 相似文献
218.
Management of an Agroecosystem 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Agroecosystems (AESs) are autotrophic ecosystems managed by man. The goal of the management is to obtain the maximum possible amount of high-quality agricultural products while preserving agricultural resources, primarily the soils and biodiversity. The main components of the management of AES structures and functions, including primary and secondary biological production, the ratio between the energy flows in the plant–man and plant–livestock–man food chains, the efficiency of energy transfer in the plant–livestock link, and conservation of agricultural resources, are considered. 相似文献
219.
长江中游水生生物多样性保护面临的威胁和压力 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:9
长江中游地区作为世界上最大的淡水生态区之一,生物多样性保护具有非常特殊的地位和作用。分析了长江中游地区生物多样性保护面临的主要威胁与压力,认为生境破碎萎缩、资源不合理开发利用、水环境污染、外来物种入侵等是生物多样性面临的主要威胁,而传统方式下的经济增长、土地利用粗放、人口增长与贫困、政策与管理等方面存在的问题将是生物多样性保护面临的主要压力。 相似文献
220.
Simo Sarkki Jari Niemelä Rob Tinch Jukka-Pekka Jäppinen Matti Nummelin Heikki Toivonen 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2016,59(8):1377-1396
The Convention on Biological Diversity's national biodiversity strategies and action plans (NBSAPs) are major mechanisms for mainstreaming biodiversity into national policies. This article examines whether and how the NBSAPs contribute to mainstreaming biodiversity across policy sectors in Finland in order to halt biodiversity loss. We have developed an innovative analytical framework where the concept of responsibility addresses how motivations for mainstreaming can be built, and the concept of social learning outcomes addresses the extent of institutional changes for biodiversity. The Finnish NBSAP processes have been able to build diverse forms of responsibility (liability, accountability, responsiveness and care) in different policy sectors by providing new knowledge, careful process design and developing institutional linkages. Despite pro-biodiversity outcomes in the targeted policy sectors, the responsibilities do not diffuse from the environmental administration to other policy sectors to a sufficient extent. Closing this ‘responsibility gap’ is a key challenge for building effective environmental policies. 相似文献