集散控制系统作业安全人机环工程研究

为了解集散控制系统作业安全人机环工程中存在的匹配情况,采用自制《集散控制系统作业安全人机环工程》调查表,对某石化企业390名DCS作业人员进行了问卷调查。结果85．5％的操作者认为操作室的空气不新鲜,57．4％的操作者认为DCS操作系统的性能不够完善,55．3％的操作者认为DCS操作劳动强度大,90．5％的操作者认为DCS显示屏产生直接眩光,87．2％的操作者认为下肢活动空间过小,85．2％的操作者认为下肢活动深度过浅,72．7％操作者认为下肢活动高度过低,56．6％的操作者认为装置区的噪声对控制室有影响。由此得出结论,集散控制系统在人-机-环诸方面不同程度的存在失配。     

城市旅游发展的动力:理论分析与案例研究

20世纪80年代之初，深圳和珠海旅游发展的内外部条件极为类似，但是20年来两个城市旅游的发展模式却完全不同。本文研究发现：城市旅游发展取决于需求结构和相对优势两个因素的共同作用。基于旅游体验本质的需求结构的变化，决定了同一类型的旅游城市具有相似的变化规律；不同类型的旅游城市变化规律差异较大。另一方面，城市旅游驱动机制决定了相对优势的变化，旅游驱动机制演变轨迹的不同正是建成各个城市旅游目的地旅游发展模式差别的主因。由此可见，城市旅游要实现可持续发展就必须用随外部环境的变化（主要是需求结构的变化），适时培育和转变驱动机制。     

石化企业无组织排放废气的减排对策及案例分析

摘要：本文论述了石化企业无组织排放废气的污染特征和产污环节，提出减排对策，并以某石化企业为例，说明其无组织排放废气减排措施的实施效果：     

The interrelation between collective identities and place concepts in local wind energy conflicts

In Germany, plans at the local level to construct wind turbines often find support as well as rejection – often in both cases for ecological reasons. In this paper, we argue that the key to understanding local wind energy debates is to analyse the interrelations between collective identities and concepts of place. Based on the discourse theory of Laclau and Mouffe, we analyse how two completely contradictory place notions have evolved in a local dispute in a small town in Germany, and how existing political identities have been modified, realigned and superseded in the course of the conflict. Furthermore, we show how the involved discourses are characterised by strong continuities with respect to an earlier struggle over an asphalt mixing plant.     

Corporate social responsibility, partnerships, and institutional change: The case of mining companies in South Africa

Internationally and in South Africa, mining companies are increasingly referring to corporate social responsibility (CSR) and partnerships in terms of the business case, or the expectation that being responsible and collaborating with stakeholders is good for profits. Based on a case study of platinum and chrome mining in South Africa, this article argues that the business case is circumscribed by companies’ institutional context. In the past, mining companies’ dominant interpretation of CSR has been in terms of charitable donations and support to good causes. These efforts have not alleviated the contribution of mining companies to growing social problems around the mines, primarily because they have not impacted on core business practices and have not contributed to necessary cross‐sectoral collaboration. Recently, however, there has been an important transition involving the broadening of the interpretation of CSR and increasing commitment to these issues amongst corporate leadership. Though market‐based incentives have contributed to this, the key driver has been the State's legislated transformation programme premised on State sovereignty over mineral resources. Hence, while the interrelationship between companies and their institutional context has, in the past, brought about a vicious cycle of irresponsibility and minimal collaboration, this cycle may be reversed into a virtuous one, driven in particular by the State. The broader implication is that references to a business case for CSR and partnerships cannot be relied upon independently of continued efforts at shaping the public sector context of companies.     

高等级县乡道事故特征分析及对策研究

越来越多的县市修建了等级较高的县乡道,分析高等级县乡道事故多发的共性,对其事故特征研究及治理对策有重要意义。笔者在对我国高等级县乡道道路特征进行详细分析的基础上,将高等级县乡道上的事故黑点分为3类。采用理论分析和实际案例相结合的方法分别对3类事故黑点进行了详细的事故特征分析,并提出了相应的治理对策,进行了经济评价。最后,概括总结了高等级县乡道的治理对策,该对策措施对于高等级县乡道的安全管理工作具有借鉴作用。     

机箱质量工艺改进之管窥

电脑机箱的兼容性和可装配性,一方面要求电脑机箱要因兼容主流型号的电脑主板,而在工艺上作出相应改进;另一方面机箱必须具有良好的尺寸精度,方可保证电脑系统装配可靠和运行正常。介绍了电脑机箱尺寸超差控制的工艺改进,基于内定位的电脑机箱冲压件设计可以确保冲压件质量,并且是工序合理安排的重要保证。     

沈阳市当前环境信访与投诉案件的对策研究

分析了沈阳市环境信访投诉案件的季节性和区域性分布特征，阐述了夏季是信访投诉高峰期，近八成信访与投诉发生在城市7个中心区的特点。其中，春、秋两个季节多发扬尘、烟尘投诉；夏季是噪声、油烟投诉的高峰期；冬季主要是采暖引发的烟尘问题、噪声问题，以及建筑工地夜间施工扰民问题投诉。对2006年查处的重点环境案件进行了剖析，针对沈阳市环境信访与投诉案件的形式和特点，提出了部门联合、污染治理技术筛选、源头治理、专项整治的措施和手段。     

边际社会成本理论在环评中应用的实例分析

论述了边际社会成本理论与环境经济评价的步骤和方法，以武夷山东旅高尔夫球场建设项目为例，估算了该项目的边际环境成本，较真实的评价了建设项目的经济、环境的可行性，并指出环境影响经济评价是我国环评制度发展的方向。     

海洋高技术发展及其对海洋生态环境影响的案例分析与政策研究

本文描述了海洋高技术的兴起与进展、海洋采矿对生态环境影响的案例分析。６０年代以来，海洋高技术最重要的成就是深海采矿，根据当前发展动态看，深海石油和采矿技术仍是海洋高技术的主要方向，而海洋生物技术也是最有前景的高技术领域之一。对油船触礁造成的漏油事故案例分析指出海洋高技术对海洋生态环境的影响主要表现如下：１．对海洋生物资源的危害。首先，在油污染事件的短期内大量海鸟和海兽被杀死；其次，长期累积在经济鱼类内的有害物质通过食物链进入人体而对人体健康产生危害。２．对海滨环境的影响。如破坏海滨浴场水质。为了避免各种海洋高技术对海洋生态环境的影响，介绍了几点政策建议。