厌氧水解—高负荷生物滤池处理城镇污水的试验研究

厌氧水解－高负荷生物滤池是一种利用附着在塑料模块填料上的微生物系统对城镇污水中的污染物质进行降解处理的绿色环保技术。厌氧水解池和高负荷生物滤池采用的塑料模块填料具有高空隙率、高附着面积、高布水性能和抗堵塞的优异性能,并无须回流。当厌氧水解池水力停留时间为4小时,生物滤池水力负荷为30米^3/米^2。日,该系统处理城镇污水的CODCr去除率达80－86％,BOD5去除率达85％－95％。SS去除率达85－95％,处理后出水上述各项指标均可满足国家二级生物处理排放标准的要求。与广泛运用的活性法处理系统相比,该技术可节约基建投资20％以上,节约能耗50％以上,同时还具有流程简单、管理方便、耐冲击负荷、剩余污泥少等特点。     

日本在循环社会和生态城市建设上的实践

文章重点介绍了近年来日本在循环社会和生态城市建设方面的实践,并试图探讨中国今后在生态城市建设上的发展方向。     

海陆风环流中海盐气溶胶对大气影响的模拟

采用WRF-CMAQ模式对2013年9月9~13日珠江口一次典型海陆风过程进行数值模拟,并进一步探讨了在此类型环流系统下,海盐气溶胶及其对大气环境的影响.结果表明：珠江口附近海风环流一般在14：00左右开始形成,17：00左右发展最旺盛,且在珠江口沿岸形成扇形风系.在海陆风环流影响下,珠江三角洲地区陆地上Na⁺浓度从17：00开始增加,次日02：00左右达到最大,10：00以后开始下降.海盐气溶胶存在明显的氯亏损现象,其中白天的氯亏损情况远比晚上严重,细粒径的氯亏损情况比粗粒径严重.设置有无海盐气溶胶排放的敏感性试验进行对比研究发现：考虑海盐排放后,珠江口地区HCl,SO₄^2-,NO₃^-的浓度均有增加,其中,HCl和NO₃^-的增加较多,SO₄^2-较少.HCl浓度增加的高值在Cl^-高值之前;SO₄^2-浓度变化主要受海盐气溶胶排放中的硫酸盐组分影响;NO₃^-浓度变化则主要受氯亏损机制和NO₃^-干沉降过程共同影响.     

1998年长江大洪水与大气环流和海温异常分析

概述了引起１９９８年长江大洪水的雨情,从天气气候角度分析了１９９８年长江流域降水异常偏多的原因。指出了最直接的原因是副高移动的反常,特别７月１５日以后副高突然南撤南海季风爆发晚,南亚和东亚季风强度偏弱、夏季赤道辐合带偏弱热带地区台风生成少、生成时间晚,     

IC-AnMBR处理村镇厨余渗滤液废水稳定运行调控机制

村镇厨余垃圾渗滤液等高浓度有机废水的高效处理是提升村镇环境卫生水平的一个重要方面。为满足村镇厨余垃圾渗滤液低能耗有机物排放达标的处理需求,构建了内循环厌氧膜生物反应器 (internal circulation anaerobic membrane bioreactor,IC-AnMBR),并用来处理厨余渗滤率废水,重点分析了反应器的COD去除性能和调控机制;根据pH、VFAs/碱度、容积产气率、膜通量和出水有机污染物组分等指标,考察了COD在水解酸化、产甲烷和膜截留过程中的转移转化特征。结果表明：通过耦合膜擦洗曝气和沼气曝气循环,将VFAs/碱度和容积产气率分别从1.5和0.1优化到0.02和1.0;优化了COD稳定达标性能和去除负荷,将COD去除率和负荷从59%和0.3 kg·(m³·d)⁻¹分别提高到了97.7%和1.8 kg·(m³·d)⁻¹;采用沼气循环曝气擦洗陶瓷膜,控制了滤饼层积累,并将膜通量从0.6 L·(m²·h)^-1提高到2.1 L·(m²·h)⁻¹。IC-AnMBR短流程工艺能够实现村镇厨余垃圾渗滤液的稳定处理。     

济钢120T转炉烟气除尘水系统特征及水处理新技术的应用

转炉烟气除尘水系统工艺系统中存在的强结垢倾向及其危害性，经采用了具有创新性的水质处理技术，达到了稳定生产，节能、环保、降耗的效果，收到较高的经济效益和环境效益。     

A HYDRODYNAMIC MODELING STUDY TO DETERMINE THE OPTIMUM WATER INTAKE LOCATION IN LAKE PALDANG,KOREA1

A three‐dimensional hydrodynamic model was applied to Lake Paldang, South Korea. The lake has three inflows, of which Kyoungan Stream has the smallest flow rate and poorest water quality. Since all drinking water intake stations are located near the confluence of Kyoungan Stream within the lake, this contaminated tributary may have a significant impact on the quality of drinking water sources. The optimum drinking water intake location was determined from the applied model. The model was calibrated and verified using the data measured under different hydrological conditions. The model results were in reasonable agreement with the field measurements in both calibration and verification. The circulation and spreading patterns of the incoming flows in the lake, as well as their composition ratios to the drinking water intakes were determined from the model, and three alternative intake locations were proposed. The simulation results suggested that the horizontal and vertical relocations of the intake aqueduct could significantly decrease the composition ratio of the contaminated water. From this study, it was concluded that the three‐dimensional hydrodynamic model could successfully simulate the temporal and spatial mixing patterns of incoming flows and become a useful tool in determining the optimum water intake location in Lake Paldang.     

SZL系列热水锅炉水循环问题分析及改进设计

锅炉水循环的优劣直接影响到锅炉能否安全而经济地运行。对因锅炉水循环不良而发生的各类事故进行深层次的分析,总结了水循环不良的原因和存在的问题,提出了具体改进方案,通过实践检验,证实了改进结构的合理性、有效性。     

厌氧折流内循环反应器(ABIC)处理木薯淀粉废水试验

对自主研发的厌氧折流内循环反应器(anaerobic baffled internal circulation,ABIC)处理木薯淀粉废水的运行特性进行研究,结果表明:ABIC在水力停留时间为20~24 h、进水ρ(COD)为3 000~15 000 mg/L、有机负荷为3.0~20.0kg/(m3·d)时COD去除率均高于80.0%,最高可达91.2%。ABIC对进水负荷的冲击具有良好耐受能力,最大可承受的容积负荷VLR为26.0 kg/(m3·d),运行稳定。反应器重新启动耗时较短,对处理木薯淀粉季节性生产废水有利。     

Nitrogen and phosphorus removal in an airlift intermittent circulation membrane bioreactor

A new airlift intermittent circulation integrated bioreactor was developed for simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal of wastewater, in which, circulation of mixed liquid between mixing zone and aeration zone was realized by aeration power, alternately anaerobic/anoxic bio-environment in mixing zone was realized by intermittent circulation and simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal was obtained through strengthened denitrifying phosphorus removal process. Removal performance of the reactor was investigated and pollutant removal and transfer mechanism in one operation circle was analyzed. The experiment results indicated that under the influent condition of chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of 642.1 mg/L, total nitrogen (TN) of 87.4 mg/L and PO₄^3--P of 12.1 mg/L, average removal efficiencies of COD, TN and PO₄^3--P reached 96.4%, 83.2% and 90.5%, respectively, with the hydraulic residence time of 22 hr and operation circle time of 185 min. Track studies indicated that the separation of aeration and mixing zones and intermittent circulation of mixed liquid between the two zones provided distinct biological environments spatially and temporally, which ensured the occurrence of multifunctional microbial reactions.