Political transition and emergent forest‐conservation issues in Myanmar

Political and economic transitions have had substantial impacts on forest conservation. Where transitions are underway or anticipated, historical precedent and methods for systematically assessing future trends should be used to anticipate likely threats to forest conservation and design appropriate and prescient policy measures to counteract them. Myanmar is transitioning from an authoritarian, centralized state with a highly regulated economy to a more decentralized and economically liberal democracy and is working to end a long‐running civil war. With these transitions in mind, we used a horizon‐scanning approach to assess the 40 emerging issues most affecting Myanmar's forests, including internal conflict, land‐tenure insecurity, large‐scale agricultural development, demise of state timber enterprises, shortfalls in government revenue and capacity, and opening of new deforestation frontiers with new roads, mines, and hydroelectric dams. Averting these threats will require, for example, overhauling governance models, building capacity, improving infrastructure‐ and energy‐project planning, and reforming land‐tenure and environmental‐protection laws. Although challenges to conservation in Myanmar are daunting, the political transition offers an opportunity for conservationists and researchers to help shape a future that enhances Myanmar's social, economic, and environmental potential while learning and applying lessons from other countries. Our approach and results are relevant to other countries undergoing similar transitions.     

防震减灾与社区建设

本文从建设安全社区，打造平安城市，构建和谐社会的角度，分析阐述了防震减灾工作在构建和谐社会中的基础作用。     

循环经济加速首都北京的发展

发展循环经济是世界经济发展的必然趋势,是我国新时期下应该大力发展的新型经济形式。对目前北京市的经济社会发展所面临的环境问题进行了分析,阐述了发展循环经济,建立循环型经济社会的可能性和必要性,同时提出了相应的对策。     

建立安全生产长效机制应加强安全文化建设

安全文化建设是生产经营单位建立安全生产长效机制的基础，是实现建设小康社会发展目标的保证。本文对市场经济条件下，就加大安全文化建设进行了初步探讨，提出了进一步加强安全文化建设力度的建议，并指出安全文化建设是落实安全生产责任制的重要组成部分。     

珠江三角洲城市环境与社会经济协调发展的分异类型及调控

可持续发展的城市生态环境应当是环境和社会经济效益的高度统一，然而由于自然资源和社会、经济等因素的差异，一定区域内城市的局长必然会呈现出不均衡性，表现为不同城市的环境与社会，经济协调发展的分划分，区域分异并对其发展方向作出描述，对评价城市生态环境的质量及其演变态势，并进一步制定相应的调控措施，都是非常必要的。本文对珠江三角洲城市环境与社会，经济协调发展状况的四种分异类型，并提出了促进城市 社会经济协     

Reputation is valuable within and outside one’s own social group

To find conditions under which humans cooperate within groups of unrelated individuals has been of major interest in the behavioral sciences. The experimental paradigm for studying potential cooperation in social dilemmas is the public goods game. Here humans regularly fail to sustain a public resource cooperatively. However, the need to maintain good reputation for other social interactions, such as indirect reciprocity, has been identified as an effective mechanism to sustain cooperation in public goods situations. As a side effect of building a good reputation through cooperative actions, an individual provides direct benefits to members of his/her own social group. These benefits could be an incentive to reward a good reputation of group members. Here we show experimentally that building a good reputation through cooperative behavior in a public goods situation is rewarded in future social interactions, not only within ones own social group but also, at a similar level, in other social groups: humans regard cooperative behavior of others as an honest signal irrespective of past direct personal benefits. Reputation gained within as well as outside ones own social group can be a driving force for selfish individuals to cooperate in public goods situations, and thereby sustain any public resource.Communicated by T. Czeschlik     

隔声技术在民用工程中的应用

叙述了隔声技术在民用工程噪声控制中的几种应用 ,特别对固定式和活动式声屏障的设计方法、使用效果作了介绍。声屏障用于降低以空气动力性噪声为主的水泵、风机、冷却塔等噪声源 ,结合室内吸声处理能收到明显的效果。     

民用水上飞机机载设备腐蚀环境技术要求研究

目的针对民用水上飞机的机载设备构建一套更为严格的环境技术要求,以满足民用水上飞机在其特殊使用环境和使用模式下的安全性和可靠性。方法通过分析水上飞机的总体使用环境,提取影响机载设备腐蚀的主要环境因素,整理和归纳环境量值对相关环境要求进行修正。结果给出了RTCA DO-160G标准中湿热、霉菌和盐雾试验条件的改进建议。结论试验条件改进依据充分合理,能够适用于民用水上飞机机载设备的腐蚀环境适应性评估与验证。     

江苏省小康社会环境质量综合指数考核与评价体系的建立

为规范对全省小康社会环境指标评价的管理,正确理解应用小康社会环境质量综合指数评价办法,简要介绍江苏省小康社会环境质量综合指数考核技术体系,阐明指标定义及确定原则、综合指数计算方法以及考核过程中的管理和评价技术经验.     

循环型经济社会:一项可持续发展的系统工程

本文运用系统科学的思想分析了循环型经济社会模式的特征 ,探讨了这一模式的运用及其政策机制 ,提出了深化改革 ,推动资源循环利用产业发展的对策