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排序方式: 共有542条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
141.
In the routine São Paulo state (Brazil) surface water quality-monitoring program, which includes the Salmonella microsome mutagenicity assay as one of its parameters, a river where water is taken and treated for drinking water purposes has repeatedly shown mutagenic activity. A textile dyeing facility employing azo-type dyes was the only identifiable source of mutagenic compounds. We extracted the river and drinking water samples with XAD4 at neutral and acidic pH and with blue rayon, which selectively adsorbs polycyclic compounds. We tested the industrial effluent, raw, and treated water and sediment samples with YG1041 and YG1042 and compared the results with the TA98 and TA100 strains. The elevated mutagenicity detected with YG-strains suggested that nitroaromatics and/or aromatic amines were causing the mutagenicity detected in the samples analyzed. Positive responses for the blue rayon extracts indicated that mutagenic polycyclic compounds were present in the water samples analyzed. The mutagen or mixture of mutagens present in the effluent and water samples cause mainly frameshift mutations and are positive with and without metabolic activation. The Salmonella assay combined with different extraction procedures proved to be very useful in the identification of the origin of the pollution and in the identification of the classes of chemical compounds causing the mutagenic activity in the river analyzed. 相似文献
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Schmidt S 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2003,10(3):183-187
The efficiency of a water treatment program or a water monitoring program can be checked only if it is accompanied by water analysis procedures allowing meaningful statements on water quality. Meaningful statements do not only include high accuracy, but high precision as well. With high precision values, good repeatability and reproducibility is aimed for. Repeatability and reproducibility may either be monitored by regular inter-laboratory trials, without prescribing a distinct analytical method, or by applying a standardized method which has undergone thorough checks concerning its reliability and efficiency. The article presents the structure of the ISO, CEN and DIN standardization work in water analysis. 相似文献
145.
郭斌 《安全.健康和环境》2003,3(1):11-13
介绍了立式金属油罐容积编表计算机自动查询与计算系统的设计思想,查询计算原理,功能及实现,程序的编制及调试,应用及测试等,该系统的建立旨在克服人工查询与计算方法的计算繁琐,费时,易出差错的缺点,达到了本质安全。 相似文献
146.
公路建设项目环境影响评价软件RoadEIA介绍 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了公路建设项目环境影响评价软件RoadEIA的框架及软件各部分的功能,举了一个用该软件进行评价的工程实例,最后分析总结了该软件的特点。 相似文献
147.
散化码头化学品水污染危害性评估模式研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
提出散化码头三类典型液体化学品水污染危害性评估模式 ,并建立其计算扩散模型。 相似文献
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L.R. LITTLE R.Q. GRAFTON T. KOMPAS A.D.M. SMITH A.E. PUNT B.D. MAPSTONE 《Conservation biology》2011,25(2):333-340
Abstract: Changes in the management of the fin fish fishery of the Great Barrier Reef motivated us to investigate the combined effects on economic returns and fish biomass of no‐take areas and regulated total allowable catch allocated in the form of individual transferable quotas (such quotas apportion the total allowable catch as fishing rights and permits the buying and selling of these rights among fishers). We built a spatially explicit biological and economic model of the fishery to analyze the trade‐offs between maintaining given levels of fish biomass and the net financial returns from fishing under different management regimes. Results of the scenarios we modeled suggested that a decrease in total allowable catch at high levels of harvest either increased net returns or lowered them only slightly, but increased biomass by up to 10% for a wide range of reserve sizes and an increase in the reserve area from none to 16% did not greatly change net returns at any catch level. Thus, catch shares and no‐take reserves can be complementary and when these methods are used jointly they promote lower total allowable catches when harvest is relatively high and encourage larger no‐take areas when they are small. 相似文献
150.
针对“京大二试算法”存在的不足——当已知矿井总风量时,“京大二试算法”的迭代格式是错误的,解算出的风量分配不合理,提出了矿井通风网络线性算法的数学模型.该通风网络算法是将支路特性方程变换为线性关系,则风网回路方程被线性化,就可以应用线性逼近法求解.该算法弥补了“京大二试算法”的缺陷,当已知矿井总风量时,解算出的风量值更接近真值,结果更加精确.介绍了线性算法数学模型的迭代格式及迭代精度问题,并编制了该线性算法的Matlab程序,程序简单,节省计算时间,给出了算法原理,并以实例进行计算,得到了令人满意的结果. 相似文献