减排节能电除尘新技术应用研究

2012年中国开始正式实施更加严格的烟尘排放新标准,目前在国内各大火电厂燃煤锅炉排烟温度等工况条件超出设计工艺要求以及除尘设备比收尘面积偏低等情况仍较为普遍,导致新建和现役的许多电除尘器均面临着降低烟尘排放的压力。主要阐述了电除尘器几种先进的节能减排新技术,探讨了在新排放标准下,如何结合各电厂的实际情况,合理运用先进的电除尘组合技术,以取得最大化的节能减排效益。     

强化混凝调理生活剩余污泥脱水研究

化学调理是目前生活剩余污泥预处理的主要方法,而调理剂的选用直接影响到污泥脱水的效果.本章利用不同种类调理剂的优势,通过各种调理剂正交复配组合对生活剩余污泥进行强化混凝脱水试验,发现无机-有机复配调理剂(I-O)脱水效果最佳.同时,使用单一无机调理剂(PC和PS)、单一有机调理剂(PM)和无机-有机复配调理剂(I-O)对...     

基于骨架构建的污泥脱水/固化研究进展

从现阶段污泥处理与处置存在的问题出发,通过介绍目前污泥可脱水性的研究现状,阐述了基于骨架构建体的污泥脱水及污泥固化技术在污泥处置方面应用的研究现状,提出了污泥调理脱水与固化处置一体化技术在污泥处理与处置方面的应用前景.     

中央空调智能控制系统在公用建筑节能中的应用

介绍了某建筑应用以PLC为核心,以采集和分析空调系统运行数据为依据,以调整冷冻机组输出冷量和对循环泵等水泵进行变频调速为方法的中央空调智能控制系统,分析其如何达到降低空调运行能耗的目的。     

Enhancing sewage sludge dewaterability by bioleaching approach with comparison to other physical and chemical conditioning methods

The sewage sludge conditioning process is critical to improve the sludge dewaterability prior to mechanical dewatering. Traditionally, sludge is conditioned by physical or chemical approaches, mostly with the addition of inorganic or organic chemicals. Here we report that bioleaching, an efficient and economical microbial method for the removal of sludge-borne heavy metals, also plays a significant role in enhancing sludge dewaterability. The effects of bioleaching and physical or chemical approaches on sludge dewaterability were compared. The conditioning result of bioleaching by Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans on sludge dewatering was investigated and compared with the effects of hydrothermal (121℃ for 2 hr), microwave (1050 W for 50 sec), ultrasonic (250 W for 2 min), and chemical conditioning (24% ferric chloride and 68% calcium oxide; dry basis). The results show that the specific resistance to filtration (SRF) or capillary suction time (CST) of sludge is decreased by 93.1% or 74.1%, respectively, after fresh sludge is conditioned by bioleaching, which is similar to chemical conditioning treatment with ferric chloride and calcium oxide but much more effective than other conditioning approaches including hydrothermal, microwave, and ultrasonic conditioning. Furthermore, after sludge dewatering, bioleached sludge filtrate contains the lowest concentrations of chroma (18 times), COD (542 mg/L), total N (TN, 300 mg/L), NH₄⁺-N (208 mg/L), and total P (TP, 2 mg/L) while the hydrothermal process resulted in the highest concentration of chroma (660 times), COD (18,155 mg/L), TN (472 mg/L), NH₄⁺-N (381 mg/L), and TP (191 mg/L) among these selected conditioning methods. Moreover, unlike chemical conditioning, sludge bioleaching does not result in a significant reduction of organic matter, TN, and TP in the resulting dewatered sludge cake. Therefore, considering sludge dewaterability and the chemical properties of sludge filtrate and resulting dewatered sludge cakes, bioleaching has potential as an approach for improving sludge dewaterability and reducing the cost of subsequent reutilization or disposal of dewatered sludge.     

Effect of sludge treatment on the bioaccumulation of nonylphenol in grass grown on sludge-amended soil

We studied the accumulation of p353-nonylphenol residues in the biomass of grass grown in soil amended with sewage sludge submitted to various conditioning/dewatering treatments. Incubation experiments were conducted growing Poa pratensis in sludge-amended soils and applying one ¹⁴C-labelled isomer of nonylphenol in the different systems. More metabolites than parent compounds were recovered in both roots and leaves of the grass. The type of sludge conditioning and dewatering treatment had a slight effect on the bioaccumulation of nonylphenol and its metabolites. When the grass was cultivated in soils amended with dewatered sludge without conditioning pretreatment, an increased accumulation was observed in the roots, while the final biomass of the grass was lower.     

制革污泥中铬的生物脱除及其对污泥的调理作用

构建了一个以70L生物淋滤反应器为主体的制革污泥生物除铬的工艺.实际运行结果表明,采用特异的硫杆菌TS6,反应6d,制革污泥中Cr溶出率可达到87 4%.随后进行的污泥沉降与离心脱水试验表明,生物淋滤具有显著的污泥调理功效,显著提高污泥沉降与机械脱水性能.生物淋滤处理的污泥,经12h的静置沉降,污泥体积可减少57 2%,并且无需添加任何絮凝剂,即可取得良好的机械脱水效果.生物淋滤处理导致的污泥体系pH的下降与Fe3 浓度的上升可能是污泥沉降与脱水性能得以改善的主要原因.     

加强铁路集中空调通风系统管理的探讨

为避免集中空调通风系统传播、扩散空气传播性疾病的安全隐患,在概述集中空调通风系统在某铁路局集团公司客运站应用的基础上,从首选自然通风、确保供风安全、加强通风系统清洗消毒等方面说明加强铁路客运站通风系统管理的措施,提出明确责任分工、健全卫生管理制度、开展卫生学评价、做好监督检查和应急处理等保障措施,从而有效阻断传播途径,保障广大旅客和铁路工作人员身体健康。     

微波辐射对净水厂污泥脱水性能及分形结构的影响

对净水厂污泥在2450MHz微波作用下的调质效果进行了研究,结果表明,污泥比阻随着微波功率的增大和辐射时间的增长而下降,700W微波辐射10min能使500ml含水率为98%的污泥比阻下降73%,经微波调质(700W,5min)后,污泥颗粒变得粗大化,30-50μm范围内的污泥颗粒数增多,平均粒径由30.73μm增加至33.29μm;污泥颗粒的分形维数由1.712提高到1.724.     

SO3烟气调质系统在华润登封电厂的应用

采用SO3烟气调质的方法对华润登封电厂2号炉电除尘器进行提效改造。介绍了SO3烟气调质系统的工作原理、工艺流程、改造实施过程及改造前后的效果对比．对该技术的推广应用具有借鉴意义。