Foraging ability in the scorpionfly <Emphasis Type="Italic">Panorpa vulgaris</Emphasis>: individual differences and heritability

According to indicator models of sexual selection, mates may obtain indirect, i.e. genetic, benefits from choosing partners indicating high overall genetic quality by honest signals. In the scorpionfly Panorpa vulgaris, both sexes show mating preferences on the basis of the condition of the potential partners. Females prefer males that produce nuptial gifts (i.e. salivary secretions) during copulation, while males invest more nuptial gifts in females of high nutritional status. Both characters, males' ability to produce nuptial gifts and high nutritional status of females, are known to be reliable indicators of foraging ability. Thus, besides possible direct benefits, both sexes might also obtain indirect benefits in terms of “good foraging genes” by their choice and thereby increase the fitness of their offspring. A prerequisite for this possibility is the heritability of the respective trait. In the present study, we estimated the repeatability and the heritability of foraging ability. Our results indicate (1) a significant repeatability of individual foraging efficiencies in males and females and (2) a heritable component of this trait by a significant parent–offspring regression. These findings suggest that genetic benefits in terms of increased offspring foraging ability might contribute to selection for mating preferences in both sexes.     

Measuring sustainable development - the creative economy perspective

ABSTRACT

World literature presents a variety of approaches to measuring the creative economy at global, national and regional levels, but so far not enough attention has been paid to the issue of sustainability of creative economies. Creative economies do not rely heavily on natural resources which means that their negative impact on the climate is relatively weaker than in the case of other industries. The measurement of sustainable development is an important contribution to the overall efforts in fighting the climate change. Statistical figures show that the share of the creative economy in GDP of the most developed countries is steadily increasing. Therefore, it is legitimate to analyse the sustainable development issues not only through the lenses of utilization of natural resources and environmental issues but also to look at the sustainability challenge for the creative economies. The growth of creative industries may be hindered by scarcity and improper utilization of resouces, but the main threat to the sustainability is the scarcity of intangible resources and goods such as ideas, freedom of thought, leadership, tolerance, quality of education, etc. Based on a literature review, we endeavoured to investigate the sustainability issues which are relevant specifically for the creative economy. In particular, we were interested in the role of local government in supporting the growth of creative economies. This study contributes to the literature in the sense that it provides understanding on how to assess the impact of local government on the sustainability of creative economy.     

南京市15种树木叶片对铅锌的吸收吸附能力

运用ICP仪对南京市15种主要绿化树木的叶片吸收吸附铅、锌的能力进行了研究。结果表明:15种树木叶片对铅、锌具有一定的吸收净化能力,并依污染物和树种的不同差异明显。在被研究的15个树种中,对铅吸收量较高的树种是雪松和圆柏,对锌吸收量较高的树种是杨树。对铅吸附能力强的树种是雪松,对锌吸附能力强的树种是海桐。叶片吸收和吸附铅的能力强的树种是雪松,叶片吸收和吸附锌的能力强的树种是杨树。最后,通过综合分析得出,杨树和雪松叶片中重金属铅和锌的累积量,可作为铅锌污染监测和评价的重要依据。     

协同创新视角下资环专业研究生科技创新能力提升途径

资源循环科学与工程专业硕士毕业生存在规模小、科技创新能力不足、能力施展受限等问题,无法满足产业对高层次人才的需求。究其原因有:(1)新兴专业,其研究生导师队伍建设不健全,人才培养质量参差不齐;(2)交叉专业,其科技创新能力培养方向尚需融合凝练;(3)综合专业,其现有科研平台还不足以支撑学科发展,科技创新能力培养模式还没有完全形成。因此,本学科研究生培养单位应树立协同创新理念,坚持行业需求导向,充分挖掘办学特色和优势,凝练培养方向、完善以科技创新能力培养核心的研究生培养方案;加强师资队伍建设,建立健全科研平台;支持鼓励科技创新实践活动,做好学科前沿追踪;加强校校交流互动,提升硕士点认可度。     

基于皮电、心率和β波的指挥人员应急能力度量

指挥人员的应急能力是决定应急工作效率的重要因素,按照生理、心理性指标度量的指挥人员的应急能力,是选择指挥人员的重要依据之一。首先,分析指挥人员应急能力与情绪、生理性应激的关系。然后,利用E-prime软件,通过情绪Stroop效应范式诱发情绪,用生物反馈仪测量生理性应激状态下生理指标变化,研究高应急能力指挥人员应具备的能力条件。试验结果表明,高应急能力组人员应激前后皮电、心率、β波以及反应时间等指标变化率显著低于低应急能力组人员。试验结果与人的应急能力分类指标相符,能力较强的指挥人员的生理指标变化率较低,适合从事应急指挥方面的工作。     

地震救援能力的一项指标--地震灾害发布时间的研究

地震救援能力一般很难给定.本文提出利用地震死亡人数的报出时间作为衡量指标来评价地震的救援能力.首先,需要指出,地震发生后存在"黑箱"时间,即地震发生至灾情报出时间;其次,报出灾情后救灾进入"灰箱"状态,而地震死亡人数报出时间长度与总死亡人数有关;再次,死亡人数基本报出时间的长短,反映了救援能力的强弱.     

显微镜法测定粉尘分散度存在的问题

通过对显微镜分辨力的分析,指出当前常用的用显微镜来测定粉尘分散度的方法在实际运用中存在的问题,希望粉尘分散度的测定方法能得到进一步的完善。     

恒压变频调速给水方式在民用建筑的问题

恒压变频调速给水方式已普遍被采用,但作为应用在民用建筑供水上的新方式,对其深入研究不多。导致实际使用效果参差不齐。指出了恒压变频调速方式应用在民用建筑供水上出现的问题,详细分析了出现问题的原因,并提出了解决办法。     

上海城市与创意产业园区协调发展研究

城市化一方面推动了社会、经济、文化和科技的发展，另一方面，也带来一系列的城市问题，影响了城市可持续发展。创意产业是生产性服务业与消费性服务业的有力组合、文化的思想性与知识的技术性的有机融合、产业组织区域集群化与企业组织小型化的有效结合，是缓解一系列城市问题的有效途径之一。创意产业通过促进城市产业结构升级、优化旧城空间秩序，能够有效地促进城市的可持续发展。本文在探讨创意产业对实现城市可持续发展的作用机理基础上，简述创意产业集聚上海城市空间的历程，以上海卢湾区“8号桥”创意产业园区为个案，分析其企业组织与结构，指出创意产业推动了城市经济的持续发展、社会的稳定进步和文脉的延续，对城市的可持续发展具有良好的示范带动作用。     

论政府能力与可持续发展

相对于传统发展模式。可持续发展在发展目标与内容上更具有公共性和长期性的取向。从而使政府能力将面临着更大的挑战.“卡尔多-希克斯改进”原则为政府推动可持续发展和走向“帕累托改瞢”提供了思路，并决定了政府能力的核心是制度供给能力。为了充分发挥政府能力。制度安排应遵循市场优先、地方政府优先、公众参与、遵循法治四个原则。