蜡状芽孢杆菌45号固定化细胞脱除酸性红B的研究

研究并比较了蜡状芽孢杆菌45号自然细胞和固定化细胞的某些性质。结果表明,该菌株的两种细胞脱色反应的最适温度均为37℃,热稳定性良好。在50ppm的酸性红B溶液中经37℃保温处理后,两种细胞的脱色酶活性有明显提高。其脱色反应的最适pH值分别为7—10和5—10。固定化细胞在4—6℃的冰箱中保存52天,脱色酶的活性不变。应用固定化细胞连续处理酸性红B溶液,当进水浓度为42.1ppm时,出水平均脱色率可达87％。     

Decolorization of Orange II using an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor with and without co-substrates

We investigated the decolorization of Orange II with and without the addition of co-substrates and nutrients under an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR). The increase in COD concentrations from 900 to 1750 to 3730 mg/L in the system treating 100 mg/L of Orange II-containing wastewater enhanced color removal from 27% to 81% to 89%, respectively. In the absence of co-substrates and nutrients, more than 95% of decolorization was achieved by the acclimatized anaerobic microbes in the bioreactor treating 600 mg/L of Orange II. The decrease in mixed liquor suspended solids concentration by endogenous lysis of biomass preserved a high reducing environment in the ASBR, which was important for the reduction of the Orange II azo bond that caused decolorization. The maximum decolorization rate in the ASBR was approximately 0.17 g/hr in the absence of co-substrates and nutrients.     

Catalyzed degradation of disperse dyes by calcium alginate-pectin entrapped bitter gourd （Momordica charantia） peroxidase

Calcium-alginate pectin entrapped bitter gourd peroxidase (BGP) has been employed for the treatment of disperse dyes: Disperse Brown 1 (DB 1) and Disperse Red 17 (DR 17). Peroxidase alone was unable to decolorize DR 17 and DB 1. However, the investigated dyes were decolorized maximally by BGP in the presence of 0.2 mmol/L redox mediator, violuric acid (VA). A slow decrease in percent decolorization was observed when VA concentration was higher than 0.2 mmol/L which could likely be due to the high reactivity of its aminoxyl radical (> N–O.) intermediate, that might undergo chemical reactions with aromatic amino acid side chains of the enzyme thereby inactivating it. Maximum decolorization of the dyes was observed at pH 3.0 and 40°C within 2 hr of incubation. Immobilized peroxidase decolorized 98% DR 17 and 71% DB 1 using 35 U of BGP in batch process in 90 min. Immobilized enzyme decolorized 85% DR 17 and 51% DB 1 whereas soluble enzyme decolorized DR 17 to 48% and DB 1 to 30% at 60°C. UV-visible spectral analysis was used to evaluate the degradation of these dyes and their toxicity was tested by Allium cepa test. The generally observed higher stability of the bioaffinity bound enzymes against various forms of inactivation may be related to the specific and strong binding of enzyme with bioaffinity support which prevents the unfolding/denaturation of enzyme. Thus entrapped peroxidase was found to be effective in the decolorization of the investigated dyes.     

钢渣对直接大红4BE染料的脱色性能

采用搅拌吸附的方法,在混凝搅拌装置中考察了钢渣对直接大红4BE染料废水脱色率的影响因素及其机理。结果表明,当初始pH值为7.0、染料初始浓度为100 mg/L、钢渣目数为100～120目、用量为10.0 g时,按染料与钢渣的质量比2∶1（mg/g）、转速为200 r/min搅拌吸附,脱色效果较好。当反应时间为100 min时,脱色率为97.14%,可达纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准中色度的Ⅰ类标准。吸附过程的机理主要有快速的物理吸附、OH-与带色素的阴离子之间的配位体交换及絮凝沉淀作用。     

菌株Acinetobacter sp.C-2对酸性红GR的脱色研究

近年来,生物法处理染料废水已成为国内外的研究热点。文章实验室通过梯度驯化,从土壤中分离筛选得到一株能有效脱色磺基化偶氮染料酸性红GR的菌株C-2,根据16S rDNA基因序列分析鉴定为Acinetobacter sp.。采用表面响应法(Response Surface Methodology,RSM)对菌株C-2脱色酸性红GR的主要影响因素进行了优化,实验结果表明最优条件为:接种量17.5 g/L,酸性红GR初始浓度100 mg/L,酵母粉浓度2.50 g/L,果糖浓度3.00 g/L。在该条件下,14 h内脱色率可达99%。同时,利用Haldane方程对菌株的脱色动力学进行拟合,最大脱色速率vmax、亲和常数Ks和抑制常数Ksi分别为328.33 mg/(g.h)、309.69 mg/L和1 365.83 mg/L,并且经计算,最佳脱色速率和GR浓度分别为105.91 mg/goh、650.37 mg/L。研究结果表明菌株C-2具有较高的偶氮染料脱色活性,用于实际染料废水的生物修复具有较好的应用前景。     

水合二氧化锰对模拟染料的脱色作用研究

通过二氧化锰对罗丹明B、萘酚绿B、酸性络兰K等染料在不同pH值、温度、吸附时间、药品投加量等单因素条件下的脱色效果,设计正交试验,得出染料废水脱色的最佳工艺条件以及各种因素对脱色率的影响程度,结果显示影响脱色率的主次因素次序为pH值〉药剂投加量〉吸附时间〉吸附温度。同时通过对紫外光谱的研究．分析出二氧化锰对染料废水的基本脱色机理。印染废水是一类针对于生物降解的特殊有机废水,处理量大,治理困难,且多数染料为三致物质。对于控制废水的污染,保护人类健康具有重要的现实意义,同时对开发和研究新型废水处理药剂具有一定的实际价值。     

Decolorization and bio degradation metabolism of azo dyes by Pseudomonas S-42

A bacterial strain was isolated from activated sludge and has been identified as Pseudomonas sp. S-42 capable of decolorizing azo dyes such as Diamira Brilliant Orange RR (DBO-RR), Direct Brown M (DBM), Eriochrome Brown R (EBR) and so on. The growing cells, intact cells, cell-free extract and purified enzyme of strain S-42 could decolorize azo dyes under similar conditions at the optimum pH 7.0 and temperature of 37℃. The efficiencies of decolorization for DBO-RR, DBM, EBR with intact cells stood more than 90%. When the cell concentration was 15mg (wet)/ml and the reaction time was 5 hours, the decolorizing activities of intact cells for above three azo dyes were 1.75, 2.4, 0.95 μg dye/mg cell, respectively. Cell-free extract and purified enzyme belonged to azoreductase with molecular weight about 34000±2000 and Vmax and Km values for DBO-RR of 13μmol/mg protein/nun and 54μmol, respectively. The results from the detection of the biodegradation products of DBO-RR by spectrophotometric and NaNO2 reac     

Production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor and its application in decolorization of dyestuffs: (Ⅰ) Production of laccase by batch and repeated-batch processes

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Decolorization and kinetics of photo oxidizing cationic blue X-GRL by UV/H2O2 system

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UV-vis/草酸铁/Fenton体系降解蒽醌染料

以活性艳蓝KN—R作为研究对象,考察了处理活性艳蓝KN-R的主要影响因素。在固定染料浓度为100 mg/L时,得到氧化体系的最佳用量比值为ρ(Fe2+):ρ(H2O2):ρ(H2C2O4)为1:15:1.5。在最佳条件下,脱色率达到95%以上,COD和TOC去除率分别达到87.7%和66.8%。活性艳蓝KN-R脱色的动力学模型为拟一级反应模型。