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961.
Waste-to-energy is a promising approach to face the current challenge of waste overproduction in Reunion Island, a French territory. In this particular context of an isolated and tropical territory, it is essential to study the properties of potential feedstocks to choose the most appropriate conversion process. This article reports on the composition of Residual Household Waste from Reunion Island and its physico-chemical parameters. Twelve representative samples of Residual Household Waste were subjected to thermal and elemental analysis. The results showed that their composition had a significant influence on the physico-chemical properties, including calorific value. Residual Household Waste from the selective sorting (rich in wood, plastic, and sanitary textiles) as well as dry mixed RHW are the most interesting for energy recovery. Due to their high volatile matter and high carbon content, and their low moisture content, these types of waste have a high calorific value exceeding 18 MJ/kg. Furthermore, the RHW sample comply with the environmental and health criteria applied by French regulations concerning halogen and heavy metal. Thus, it seems that Residual Household Waste can be an alternative to conventional fuels used in incineration or pyro-gasification processes. However, the study also points the need for a pre-treatment process for these wastes. Indeed, it is necessary to sort them correctly in order to avoid the risks of pollution and important maintenance. And more importantly, drying beforehand is unavoidable to improve combustibility and obtain optimal energy conversion. 相似文献
962.
Roukaya Bouyakhsass Soukaina Bouaouda Abdeslam Taleb Abdelaziz Madinzi Michel Baudu Salah Souabi 《环境质量管理》2023,32(4):237-246
The estimation of leachate quantities produced in landfills is necessary to dimension the treatment plants allowing to reduce the polluting load of these effluents and consequently avoid their negative impacts on the environment. Different leachate quantification methods were used in this study to assess the leachate volume produced at the Oum Azza landfill. The water balance method give comparable estimations of leachate production to the Ouled Berjal landfill ratio. The first method showed average values between 487 and 495 m3/day for 2015, 2018, and 2019, and at the same time, the second method gave values between 470 and 477 m3/day for the same years. In contrast, the World Bank ratio showed high values that vary between 2260 and 2295 m3/day for 2015, 2018, and 2019. The on-site data and the statistical analysis showed us that the World Bank ratio is not adapted for the estimation of the leachates produced in Oum Azza landfill, while the water balance and the ratio of Ouled Berjal landfill allowed to give comparable results to reality. 相似文献
963.
Ananya Kalita Pranveer Singh Sunandan Baruah Utpal Barman Ankur Pan Saikia 《环境质量管理》2023,33(1):327-339
This paper emphasizes the significant challenges facing the sustainable environment, including managing and handling plastic waste and reducing carbon footprints. To tackle these challenges, it is essential to identify people's awareness levels of waste handling techniques and their pro-environmental behaviors. The study focuses on Guwahati, one of the most important cities in Northeast India, which generates increasing plastic waste daily. The paper aims to identify the factors contributing to the reduction of carbon footprints resulting from plastic waste management activities. The data collected from 1326 respondents was analyzed using factor analysis, and the reliability of the dataset was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha (0.84 for the awareness level of waste management techniques and 0.780 for the prevalent mode of plastic waste management techniques). KMO (0.796), Bartlett's test of sphericity (p < 0.001), and determinant score (0.019) were used to assess the data adequacy and factorability of the dataset, and the results were found to be satisfactory. Principal component analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and varimax orthogonal rotation method were used to identify high-loaded factors by reducing the number of variables. The results showed that two highly loaded components, namely awareness level of waste management techniques (AWMT) and prevalent mode of plastic waste management techniques (PWMT), explained 27.53% and 24.34% of the total variance, respectively, with eigenvalues of 3.35 and 2.88. The regression model confirmed the statistical significance of these factors (p < 0.001) and their relationship with the dependent variable, greenhouse reduction (GHGR). The study proposes that minimizing carbon footprints in the environment can be achieved by focusing on a limited number of controllable factors such as AWMT and PWMT. This study provides valuable insights to the authorities in controlling waste generation and achieving a pollution-free environment. 相似文献
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在转式垃圾焚烧炉和固定床加热炉中,研究了有机垃圾焚烧过程中温度、水分、无机氯及有机氯对几种重金属分布的影响。研究结果表明,焚烧垃圾过程中焚烧温度对重金属分布特性的影响特性不一,重金属锌和铅容易转移到气相中去,而重金属镍和铬大部分是以固态形式残留在底渣中;水能与重金属及其化合物发生反应,引起物质转变,影响重金属的分布;氯的存在也影响重金属的分布特性,氯的参与使重金属更易向飞灰或烟气中迁移。 相似文献
968.
为实现粉煤灰和多源有机废弃物的高效资源化利用,采用好氧堆肥的方法,以厨余垃圾、鸡粪和锯末(15:5:2)混合原料为底物,添加底物总湿重的5 %和10 %的粉煤灰作为处理组(5 % FA和10 % FA),并以不添加粉煤灰作为对照处理(CK),通过测定联合堆肥过程中理化性质、养分元素和细菌群落结构的变化,探究不同粉煤灰添加量对联合堆肥的促进效果.结果表明,添加5 %和10 %粉煤灰可以显著提高联合堆肥的最高温度(56.6 ℃和56.9 ℃)并延长高温期持续时间(9 d),相较于对照处理,堆体总养分含量分别提高了4.09 %和13.55 %.在整个堆肥过程中,细菌群落结构发生了较大变化,各处理的细菌多样性均出现了明显的提高.在堆肥前期,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)是主要的优势门类,相对丰度在35.26 %~39.40 %之间.进入堆肥高温期,添加5 %和10 %粉煤灰处理中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度达到最高值,分别为52.46 %和67.72 %.芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)和放线菌属(Thermobifida)是5 %和10 %粉煤灰添加量处理高温期的优势菌属,相对丰度分别为33.41 %和62.89 %(芽孢杆菌属)、33.06 %和12.23 %(放线菌属).冗余分析(RDA)结果表明不同理化指标对细菌群落均有不同程度影响,其中有效磷、速效钾、有机质以及pH是影响细菌群落结构的主要环境因子.综上,添加粉煤灰促进了城市多源有机废弃物联合好氧堆肥的无害化和腐熟化,优化了微生物群落结构,提高堆肥产品的质量和效率. 相似文献
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