洞庭湖表层沉积物重金属赋存形态及生态风险评价

为深入了解洞庭湖沉积物重金属污染现状及生态风险,采用欧共体物质标准局提出的BCR提取法分析29个表层沉积物中Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb和Zn的赋存形态,并应用基于重金属形态的RSP（ratio of secondary phase and primary phase,次生相与原生相分布比值法）和RAC（风险评价指数法）评价了沉积物重金属的污染程度与生态风险.结果表明:全湖范围内,Cd主要以弱酸溶解态为主,Cr主要以残渣态和可还原态为主,Cu以残渣态和可氧化态为主,Pb以可还原态和残渣态为主,Zn以残渣态和弱酸溶解态为主;RSP评价结果显示,Cd在全湖范围表现为重度污染,Pb总体表现为中度污染,但在湘、资、沅、澧"四水"入湖口以及东洞庭湖几个采样点表现为重度污染,Cr、Cu和Zn处于轻度污染和清洁水平;RAC评价结果表明,全湖范围内5种重金属生态风险排序依次为Cd > Zn > Pb > Cu > Cr,Cd表现为高等风险,Cu、Pb和Zn表现为中等风险,而Cr表现为低等风险.研究显示,在研究沉积物重金属总量基础上进行重金属形态分析,有助于深入了解重金属对环境的危害.      

Motivation of Japanese companies to take environmental action to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions: an econometric analysis

To analyze the motivations of Japanese companies to take environmental actions to reduce their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, we used FY2006 research data and questioned Japanese industries regarding their reduction of GHG emissions. Empirical investigations revealed that voluntary targets set by industry organizations, government requirements, and advance responses to possible future regulations can positively influence environmental actions for GHG emission reduction; however, cost reductions and corporate social responsibility fulfillment cannot.

基于ARM的非接触式IC卡控制器设计

介绍了非接触式读卡模块ZLG500A数据传输时序和传输协议,并采用ARM微处理器LPC2103的GPIO方式,根据ZLG500A的数据传输规范模拟相应的SPI时序,设计非接触式IC卡控制器软硬件系统,完成了非接触式IC卡数据的读写,在此基础上开发出非接触式IC卡门禁应用系统,系统实际运行效果良好.     

The EU effect: does trade with the EU reduce CO2 emissions in the developing world?

The European Union (EU) is an important destination for developing country exports. Has the EU’s commitment to the Kyoto Protocol induced developing countries to reduce their carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions? Our analyses of 136 developing countries from 1981 through 2007 suggests that: developing countries’ export dependence on the EU is associated with CO₂ emission reductions post-Kyoto in relation to the pre-Kyoto time period; this also holds for SO_2, which, while not covered under Kyoto, is linked with CO₂ emission levels; this does not hold for PM₁₀, a pollutant which is not covered under Kyoto and is not directly associated with CO₂ emissions related to industrial activities; developing countries’ export dependence on non-EU developed countries and on the rest of the world is not associated with significant reductions in emissions between pre- and post-Kyoto for these pollutants . In sum, even in the absence of binding regulatory mandates, the EU appears to exert market leverage to project its regulatory preferences abroad.     

DEVELOPING CONFIDENCE IN CONCRETE REVETMENT PRODUCTS FOR BANK STABILIZATION1

ABSTRACT: There is a need to provide flood protection while maintaining stable bed and bank conditions in the riverine system, to stabilize earth embankment dams and spiliways, and to stabilize highway or railway embankments and levee systems. One approach to providing erosion protection and stabilization of channel banks, embankments and spill conveyances is with articulated concrete block systems. Numerous articulated concrete block systems are available for bank stabilization. However, prior to field installations few means are available to evaluate how well these block systems perform. To assist the designer in predicting site specific suitability, a series of hydraulic testing protocols have been developed to analyze block system performance. Two articulated block system testing protocols are presented to indicate how block hydraulic characteristics may be determined and provide performance assurance to both the designer and the owner.     

ARTICULATED CONCRETE BLOCK STABILITY TESTING1

ABSTRACT: An articulated concrete block revetment system was developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to test and evaluate the practicability of the protocols for overtopping and channelized flow conditions. Test facilities were constructed, prototype articulated concrete blocks were fabricated and installed into the facilities, and the blocks were tested using the established protocols. The test results indicated that both the overtopping and channel flow tests yielded similar results: the blocks reached a point of instability at approximately the same velocity and shear stresses. The similar test results indicate that only one protocol is required to evaluate an articulated concrete block system. It was demonstrated that both protocols can be effectively conducted. It is recommended that the overtopping test be adapted as a standard test procedure because of its reduced construction costs and its efficiency compared to the channelized test.     

基于STM32F103ZET6的自定义通信协议电梯监控系统设计

针对电梯运行状态监控问题,提出一种基于自定义通信协议的电梯远程监控系统的设计方案。以STM32F103ZET6为控制核心的电梯监测终端,通过对传感器信号进行检测分析获得电梯运行状态及故障的信息,监测服务平台与电梯监测终端之间采用自定义的通信协议进行数据通信,监测服务平台将所获取的电梯状态及故障信息发送到云计算中心服务器。用户通过客户端登录电梯监控系统,可以实时查看电梯的运行状态、故障信息及历史信息。通过长期实际应用,该监控系统运行稳定可靠,能够实现对电梯远程的实时、可靠监控,为电梯的维修、维护提供及时准确的信息。     

A Missed Opportunity?: NOAA’s Use of Social Media to Communicate Climate Science

In the current media landscape, organizations often communicate about science directly with publics through online channels rather than relying on journalist gatekeepers. Online platforms present organizations with the opportunity to participate in two-way communication in order to increase engagement with science. The present study examined how the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) utilizes social media to interact with publics. Results suggest that NOAA does not fully utilize the dialogic potential of social media, which could enhance both the public’s science literacy and trust in science regarding climate change specifically. This study informs how public relations theory may complement science communication theory and practice as deficit model-thinking transitions to contemporary approaches for public engagement with science.     

安全多方计算的应用研究

安全多方计算(SMC)在解决网络环境下进行合作时的信息安全问题具有重要价值。笔者首先介绍了安全多方计算的基本概念、密码学中相关基础知识,接着介绍和分析了安全多方计算的在电子选举、电子签名和门限签名等方面的基本应用;在该基础上,指出安全多方计算的新的应用方向,即在机械设计工程领域中的应用,如产品的异地设计和制造、敏捷和虚拟制造技术等;提出了值得进一步研究和探讨的、在保护隐私基础上合作的安全多方计算的热点问题。     

The response of epiphytic lichens to air pollution and subsets of ecological predictors: a case study from the Italian Prealps

We investigated the response of epiphytic lichens to air pollution, against the background of other ecological predictors in a prealpine heterogeneous area, using Non-Parametric Multiplicative Regression (NPMR). The best NPMR model for total lichen diversity according to N environmental predictors at tree level has a cross R(2)=0.709. It includes 10 variables, belonging to three different subsets of factors: two pollution-related factors (distance in meters from the road and from the cement factory); four stand-related (habitat, heat index, LAI and elevation) and four substrate-related factors (inclination, circumference and texture and tree species). Considering separately the effects of each subset on lichen diversity, substrate- and stand-related factors produce good models with similar cross R(2) (0.490 and 0.500, respectively), whereas pollution-related factors produce a model with a lower cross R(2) (0.340). Hence, we provide information to investigate the applicability of lichen biomonitoring to complex heterogeneous areas where standardized protocols are not reliable.