白洋淀北岸农田土壤特性的表征

本文采用标准方法,测定了白洋淀北岸部分农田土壤的粒度组成、ｐＨ和有机碳含量等指标,对该地区土壤的特性进行了表征分析。结果表明,土壤的平均粒度分布大于２０μｍ的占５２．７３％,主要属于砂壤土。与１０年前相比,ｐＨ值变化不大;而有机碳含量是１０年前的１．２６倍。ｐＨ随土壤的垂直深度而略有增加,而有机碳含量则随土壤的垂直深度而减少。     

丙烯酰胺降解细菌的质粒检出及生长特性研究

从化工厂的活性污泥中筛选出具有降解丙烯酰胺能力的细菌12株,经鉴定均为不动杆菌属。碱裂解法抽提显示质粒检出率为75%,并在质粒量上有所差异。在实验室条件下,这些菌株中对丙烯酰胺的最大耐受力可达40mg/mL;12株菌株都对氨苄青霉素有抗性,而对链霉素、卡那霉素、庆大霉素及氯霉素无抗性;在以丙烯酰胺为唯一碳源的无机盐培养基中,菌株DAW01在30℃,108γ/min旋转式摇床振荡培养6d后,对丙烯酰胺降解能力可达45.01%。     

深井动压影响下山煤巷围岩变形机理与控制研究

以刘桥一矿Ⅱ66回风下山为工程背景,采用现场实测、实验室实验、数值模拟和工业性试验综合分析了下山煤巷非对称变形破坏机理,提出动压影响下深井软弱煤巷围岩多层次组合控制理论,并给出优化控制措施。研究表明:回风下山变形失稳严重并呈非对称性,围岩完整性较差,强度低。地应力实测显示,回风下山处于高原岩应力区,最大主应力为水平应力且具有明显方向性,与巷道轴线夹角为71°,断面顶底板剪切破坏风险较大;数值模拟显示,回风下山开拓延伸期间,受邻近轨道下山、辅助下山影响显著,4煤回采对其影响较小,6煤工作面回采是下山煤巷非对称失稳的主要诱因;提出以围岩深浅孔注浆为核心,以新型注浆锚索、锚杆为装备基础的高阻让压全断面组合控制理论,并给出具体优化方案。工业性试验显示,下山煤巷围岩变形得到有效控制。     

Evaluation of activated sludge properties’ changes in industrial-wastewater pre-treatment: role of residual aluminum hydrolyzed species with different polymerization degree

● Medium poly Al salts dominated the PAC residual salts with a rational dosage. ● Settlement flocculation effect under medium poly Al salts showed a better trend. ● Complex of medium poly Al salts and enzymes promoted cell activity. ● Medium poly Al salts were beneficial to the effluent indexes. With the widespread introduction of pre-coagulation prior to the biological unit in various industrial wastewater treatments, it is noteworthy that long-term accumulation of residual coagulants has certains effect on both micro and macro characteristics of activated sludge (AS). In this study, the morphology distributions of residual aluminum salts (RAS) and their effects on the removal efficiency of AS were investigated under different PAC concentrations. The results showed that the dominance of medium polymeric RAS, formed under an appropriate PAC dose of 20 mg/L enhanced the hydrophobicity, flocculation, and sedimentation performances of AS, as well as the enzymatic activity in cells in the sludge system, improving the main pollutants removal efficiency of the treatment system. Comparatively the species composition with monomer and dimer / high polymer RAS as the overwhelming parts under an over-dosed PAC concentration of 55 mg/L resulted in excessive secretion of EPS with loose flocs structure and conspicuous inhibition of cellular activity, leading to the deterioration of physico-chemical and biological properties of AS. Based on these findings, this study can shed light on the role of the RAS hydrolyzed species distributions, closely relevant to Al dosage, in affecting the comprehensive properties of AS and provide a theoretical reference for coagulants dosage precise control in the pretreatment of industrial wastewater.     

象山港赤潮监控区水质状况的动态变化

根据2002年4～9月份象山港赤潮监控区水质监测基础资料,建立表、底层DO、COD、DIN、DIP以及水质指数(A)和富营养化状态指数(E)时间序列,运用变异系数和相关分析法,探讨了象山港赤潮监控区在赤潮多发期水质状况的动态变化特征。分析结果表明：在赤潮多发期,监控区水质有机污染程度和富营养化状态较严重,明显呈低P高N状态;各环境参数的动态变化存在着明显差异;各环境参数对水质有机污染程度和富营养化状态的贡献也存在显著差异,且赤潮监控区水质富营养化指数与水质指数之间呈显著的正相关关系。     

植筋搭接混凝土柱偏心受压性能试验研究

对钢筋混凝土植筋搭接柱在静载作用下的偏心受压破坏进行了探索性的研究。通过试验,得到了试验柱的承载力与锚固长度、跨中弯矩与挠度、荷载与位于搭接段跨中截面受压区混凝土应变等关系曲线。试验结果认为,钢筋混凝土搭接柱在混凝土未被压坏的前提下,发生的钢筋锚固失效主要是锚固强度失效,并确认了植筋试件的薄弱面。另外,试件破坏时的粘结应力随锚固长度的增加逐渐减小。而对FISV360S植筋胶来说,锚固长度的增加能明显地提高试验梁的极限承载力。最后分别提出了临界锚固长度计算公式和试验柱极限承载力计算公式。     

Preparation and catalytic properties of ZrO2-Al2O3 composite oxide supported nickel catalysts for methane reforming with carbon dioxide

ZrO2-Al2O3 composite oxides and supported Ni catalysts were prepared, and characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. The catalytic performance and carbon deposition was also investigated. This mesoporous composite oxide is shown to be a promising catalyst support. An increase in the catalytic activity and stability of methane and carbon dioxide reforming reaction was resulted from the zirconia addition, especially at 5wt% ZrO2 content. The Ni catalyst supported ZrO2-Al2O3 has a strong resistance to sintering and the carbon deposition in a relatively long-term reaction.     

混凝法处理表面活性剂废水的水力影响

以含1 mg/L十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)的20 NTU高岭土悬浊液为研究对象,投加聚合铝PAC进行强化混凝实验,探讨了水力条件对含SDBS废水处理效果及其混凝形态学特性的影响。结果表明,偏碱性条件有利于浊度去除,而偏酸性条件下SDBS去除率较高;在试验确定的最佳工艺条件下,处理后废水余浊低,表面活性剂去除率较高,絮体大而密实,不易破碎,分维值较高;助凝剂纳米SiO2能进一步改善最优水力条件下PAC的强化混凝效果。     

大规模突发事件中基于满意度的应急物资优化调度模型

建立了大规模突发事件下供给点应急物资供应数量小于应急点应急物资需求数量的应急物资管理调度模型。同时结合大规模突发事件的特点,将模型设为多时段动态变化的,能使有限资源达到最大救援效用的多物资、多种运输方式、多运输车辆的物资优化调度模型,并根据不同应急点对物资需求的重要程度不同引入权重系数,使应急救援初期有限资源的分配达到整体的最大满意度。结合模型特点,给出模型的求解算法,并通过一个算例验证模型和算法的有效性。最后得出,以整体应急点的满意度作为具有多货物多起止点多运输方式等特点的应急物资调度问题的目标函数,能使应急救援过程达到最大的救援效率。     

地质动力区划预测煤与瓦斯突出

为了确定煤与瓦斯突出矿井的突出危险区域,威胁区域和安全区域,提出基于地质动力区划的多因素模式识别概率预测方法预测煤与瓦斯突出的新思路。以鸡西滴道矿立井为研究对象,利用地质动力区划方法确定不同尺度和级别构造运动的特征,建立板块构造学说与矿井工程实际的联系,将对矿井煤与瓦斯突出产生影响的因素为参数,采用多因素模式识别概率预测方法划分研究区域内的危险区域。研究表明该方法对煤与瓦斯突出区域预测的合理性与有效性,可以在实际工程中应用推广。