土地经济密度的区域差异特征及动态演变格局——基于长江三角洲地区的实证分析

基于长江三角洲地区25个城市的土地经济密度数据,利用泰尔指数、空间自相关等方法对1995-2007年长江三角洲地区土地经济密度的区域差异特征及动态演化格局进行了初步探索。研究表明：①该区域的土地经济密度总体呈不断上升趋势,但是城市间差异明显,其高值点主要集中于沪苏锡常地区;②土地经济密度的总体差异和区间差异呈现波动性缩小趋势,江苏省内部差异和区间差异是总体差异的主要组成部分;③土地经济密度总体上趋于空间集聚,但局部的空间集聚中心从环杭州湾城市转移到苏南地区和上海。可见,高投入、低效率的土地利用方式已不适合长江三角洲地区的发展,未来必须统筹区域土地利用,合理配置土地资源,促进区域合理分工和协调发展。     

安全生产与经济秩序

从安全生产与经济秩序的关系分析安全生产的各种现象、危害及其原因 ,提出了实现安全生产 ,规范市场经济秩序的对策。将安全生产纳入市场经济秩序 ,建立完善市场准入条件和事故淘汰否决制及从经济角度增强企业安全生产内动力、加大对责任事故中的腐败行为和破坏经济秩序的查处力度等方面 ,对我国建立和完善社会主义市场经济秩序过程中加强安全生产进行了探索。     

构建环境会计核算体系若干问题探讨

本文论述了构建环境会计核算体系的现实要求、目标和原则,环境会计的核算对象和基本要素,以及目前构建环境会计核算体系的难点和要点。旨在进一步推进人们对环境会计理论和实务的研究。     

Forging New Directions in Science and Environmental Politics and Policy: How Can Co-operation, Deliberation and Decision be Brought Together?

Science, politics and environmental policy have for several years been encountering social and institutional as well as scientific challenges, national and international. The normative basis of all sciences is pressurised from three sides: by awareness of the public, who claims more transparency and sensibility from the scientific institutions regarding factual or possible impacts of science-based industrial progress; by the industries, which try to speed up and intensify the industrialisation of knowledge; and by the public policies, which want to see the sciences engaged in ways to mitigate unintended consequences of economic, ecological and social developments. At the same time, environmental policy is undergoing a tremendous sea change both in conceptual and practical matters. Since the Brundtland Report in 1987 and accelerated after UNCED 1992, environmental policy has been struggling to become a groundbreaking new paradigm for the capacity of resolving social and political issues as well. Any successful attempt to alter traditional institutional and mental structures in policy-making toward sustainability presupposes a renewed association of co-operation, deliberation and decision making. Results from theory of democracy, studies in science and technology, and evaluation studies in environmental policy and politics can be utilised for this context.     

山西省煤炭开采环境损失的经济核算

以环境经济学的经济外部性理论为依据,识别采煤过程中生态环境的外部不经济因素,应用环境价值评价法,对这些不经济因素进行量化和货币化,初步建立了省域煤炭开采环境污染和生态破坏经济损失核算体系.以2003年为基准年,核算了山西省煤炭开采环境污染和生态破坏的经济损失量.结果表明:2003年山西省煤炭开采环境污染与生态破坏造成的损失约为286.746 8×108元,折合每t煤损失63.79元.其中环境污染年损失61.979 4×108元,折合每t煤损失13.78元;生态破坏损失224.767 4×108元,折合每t煤损失50.00元.依据该核算结果,1978─2003年山西省累计采煤约65×108 t,所造成的环境损失约为4　100×108元.      

浅议林业安全生产与经济效益

浅析新形势下,林业安全生产存在的问题及其对经济效益的影响和对策。     

油田企业实施环境管理会计制度的必要性

通过对油田企业落实科学发展观、减轻环境压力、促进油田企业自身健康有序发展、寻求国家环境政策的支持、实现可持续发展、提高油田企业国际竞争力等几方面实施原因进行分析,并与传统会计相对比,充分挖掘实施环境管理会计制度的益处,阐述了油田企业建立和实施环境管理会计制度的必要性和紧迫性,强调了油田企业只有实施环境管理会计制度,才能增强企业竞争力,扩大市场份额,减少环境风险,实现企业永续经营。     

安徽四大区域对外开放度与经济增长的分析

对外开放度是测量一个地区经济发展国际化程度的一个重要标志。以SPSS12．0为分析工具,运用回归分析方法,对安徽省四大区域对外开放度差异进行了测定和分析。2000年以来,安徽省四大经济区域对外开放度有了明显提高,但基础设施、区位条件、产业结构等方面的差异导致四大区域之间、区域内部以及地市之间的对外开放度存在明显差异。回归分析显示,对外开放度与安徽区域经济增长有着显著的相关性。     

Evaluation of Point and Diffuse Sources of Nutrients in a River Basin on Base of Monitoring Data

The methodology of materials accounting is presented and applied to developing nutrient balance (nitrogen and phosphorus) in a river basin. The method is based on the balance principle: inputs and outputs of each nitrogen and phosphorus related sub-systems were balanced. The application of the methodology strategies was illustrated by means of a case study of the Krka river, Slovenia. Different pathways of emission to surface waters were taken into account: WWTP discharges, direct discharges, erosion/runoff and baseflow. Total annual emission into the river Krka was estimated to be 362 tonnes N/year and 73.3 tonnes P/year. The main sources of nitrogen are diffuse sources, emitted via baseflow (52%). Other important sources are effluents from WWTP, which account for 36% of total emissions. Other sources like erosion and direct discharges to surface water (animal manure, industry, households) are of lower magnitude. Erosion is main source of phosphorus emission (55% of total emission), WWTP effluents account for 37% of total emission, while other sources are less important. Besides reduction of point sources by means of wastewater collection and implementation of nutrient removal technology, managing agricultural nitrogen and phosphorus to protect water quality should become a major challenge in the Krka river basin.     

陇南长江流域经济发展和生态重建战略研究

陇南长江流域大多地处嘉陵江上游的源头地区,是一个资源较为富集但经济相对落后、生态环境脆弱且人口压力较大的丘陵山区。本文从可持续发展的角度出发,着眼世纪之交摆脱贫困与奔向小康转换时期经济发展和生态重建的协调演进,提出产业结构调整的基本思路是立足山区优势发展特色农业,市场配置资源、培植支柱工业,商贸、旅游并举、突出第三产业、强化基础设计、增强发展后劲;空间结构重组的战略构想是重点发展东部经８济重心区、