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91.
Selecting Socio-Economic Metrics for Watershed Management 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The selection of social and economic metrics to document baseline conditions and analyze the dynamic relationships between
ecosystems and human communities are important decisions for scientists, managers, and watershed citizens. A large variety
of social and economic data is available but these have limited use without theoretical frameworks. In this paper, several
frameworks for reviewing social-ecosystem relations are offered, namely social sanctions, sense of place, civic structure,
and cultural differences. Underlying all of these frameworks are attitudes, beliefs, values, and norms that affect which questions
are asked and which indicators are chosen. Much work and significant challenges remain in developing a standard set of spatially
based socio-economic metrics for watershed management. 相似文献
92.
Bhanarkar AD Srivastava A Joseph AE Kumar R 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2005,109(1-3):73-80
Air pollution in the workplace environment due to industrial operation have been found to cause serious occupational health
hazard. Similarly, heat stress is still most neglected occupational hazard in the tropical and subtropical countries like
India. The hot climate augments the heat exposure close to sources like furnaces. In this study an attempt is made to assess
air pollution and heat exposure levels to workers in the workplace environment in glass manufacturing unit located in the
State of Gujarat, India. Samples for workplace air quality were collected for SPM, SO2, NO2 and CO2 at eight locations. Results of workplace air quality showed 8-hourly average concentrations of SPM: 165–9118 μg/m3, SO2: 6–9 μg/m3 and NO2: 5–42 μg/m3, which were below the threshold limit values of workplace environment. The level of CO2 in workplace air of the plant was found to be in the range 827–2886 μg/m3, which was below TLV but much higher than the normal concentration for CO2 in the air (585 mg/m3). Indoor heat exposure was studied near the furnace and at various locations in an industrial complex for glass manufacturing.
The heat exposure parameters including the air temperature, the wet bulb temperature, and the globe parameters were measured.
The Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT), an indicator of heat, exceeded ACGIH TLVs limits most of the time at all the locations
in workplace areas. The recommended duration of work and rest have also been estimated. 相似文献
93.
固定化微生物处理有机污染物的研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
综述了近年来固定化微生物技术用于有机污染物治理中的最新进展,这些有机污染物包括难降解有机污染物(酚类、芳香烃类等)及其它化合物(DMP、甲硫醇恶臭气体、制药废水等)。此外,对藻类固定化技术作了简介,并对固定化技术的应用前景及存在问题进行了评述。 相似文献
94.
Kimpo metropolitan landfill has received various kinds of wastessince January 1992. The leachate level was measured to be 10.3 m in May 1995 and the level increased to 12.2 m in August 1996. Therefore, to prove the reason for the increasing leachate level, we calibrated hydraulic conductivity of each waste andintermediate layer using the HELP (Hydrologic Evaluation ofLandfill Performance) model. The leachate generation data measured from February 1993 to October 1995 was used in the model calibration. As a result of a model calibration, we obtained anaverage infiltration ratio and used this in analysis of the total water balance to predict elevation of leachate level. Main causes of the elevation of the leachate level were the high water content of the waste and the degradation of the leachate-drainage system caused by the subsidence of a naturalbarrier layer. 相似文献
95.
博斯腾湖水质矿化度模型及预测研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
根据博斯腾湖1985~1995年水质监测数据和出入湖水量等水文数据观测值,采用水质扩散模型和盐量平衡关系推导出博斯腾湖大湖区(简称博湖)水质矿化度模型,并预测了几种情况下博湖水质矿化度及近几年变化趋势,分析了影响博湖水质矿化度的主要因素,为博湖的近期和远期环境保护规划、环境管理等提供科学依据. 相似文献
96.
用StrandenE.推荐的测量方法对哈密地区环境空气中220Rn子体α潜能浓度测量结果表明,室内、外平均值分别为56.1和10.2(×10-7J·m-3)。室内外220Rn/222Rn子体α潜能浓度比值分别为0.84和032。220Rn子体所致居民有效剂量当量为228μSv·a-1(集体有效剂量当量为0.9×02man·Sv)。 相似文献
97.
对北京中央电视塔周围25 km2区域电磁环境质量分别进行了射频的网格法手工监测和车载巡测自动监测,通过SPSS软件等对两种监测方法获取的数据进行了统计对比分析,发现两组数据在总体水平及数值分布特征上较为接近,因此车载巡测监测可以替代网格法监测。以车载巡测数据为基础,绘制了实测数据的道路电磁地图,利用插值法绘制了区域电磁地图,对区域电磁环境质量进行了直观表征。从回应公众关注和城市电磁规划出发,建议今后可利用车载巡测监测加强时域和频域的监测。 相似文献
98.
99.
100.
J. Franzaring 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1997,46(3):209-220
Up to now only very few studies in biomonitoring of organic air pollutants have been published taking into account the strong influence mean temperatures have on the accumulation process into plants during the course of the exposition. Temperature governed sorption as well as the plants vitality pose a major source of uncertainty making inter-study comparisons difficult. Different surface-to-volume ratios of plant foliage lead to strongly varying concentration effects in different plant species. Moreover a plants content of waxes and lipids must be considered in order to relate xenobiotic concentrations to the compounds being most efficient in the bioaccumulation process. Some of these factors are evaluated in regard to the use of plants as biomonitors for organic air pollutants. Another aim is to deduce the mean ambient gas phase concentrations from PAH concentrations determined in the biomonitor plants using vegetation-air partitioning coefficients which have been corrected for temperature dependent sorption as well as the plants lipid content. Restrictions of such approaches and methods of biomonitoring in general are discussed. 相似文献