新型节能电源控制技术在电除尘器上的应用

对当前电除尘器的主流节能技术进行了综合分析和论证,指出应通过先进的电源控制产品优化除尘器运行方式来实现除尘器的节能高效运行,利用高频电源技术达到电除尘器节能减排的目的。     

电工设备高原环境适应性与标准体系建设研究

介绍了电工设备高原环境适应性研究与标准制定的进展,提出高原环境条件下的模拟试验仍然是检测高原电工产品性能的有效手段.建立地方标准和企业标准体系,是发展高原特色电工产品的重要内容.     

TiO2薄膜光电协同催化氧化降解活性艳红

以不同波长紫外光为光源 ,研究了活性艳红在间歇式反应器中的光降解、光催化降解、光电协同催化降解行为 .结果表明 :在相同条件下 ,光催化降解速度快于光降解速度 ,而光电协同催化降解速度取决于协同电场的方向 ,当电场方向与紫外线照射方向相同时 ,降解速度比光催化速度慢 ,而当电场方向与紫外线照射方向相反时 ,其降解速度快于光催化降解速率 .     

内蒙古河套灌区不同盐碱程度土壤CH4吸收规律

土壤盐碱化严重威胁土地可持续利用和温室气体排放.本研究选择内蒙古河套灌区3种盐碱土壤［S1：盐化土壤,电导率（EC）4.80 dS·m^-1;S2：强度盐碱土壤,电导率（EC）2.60 dS·m^-1;S3：轻度盐碱土壤,电导率（EC）0.74 dS·m^-1］.利用静态暗箱法野外原位观测研究盐碱土壤甲烷（CH₄）吸收规律.结果表明,不同盐碱程度土壤CH₄吸收每年均存在显著差异,2014年生长季（F=18.0,P<0.001）,2015年生长季（F=23.6,P<0.001）和2016年生长季（F=28.4,P<0.001）.轻度盐碱土壤CH₄累积吸收量最高,盐化土壤累积吸收量最低.随土壤盐碱程度加重,土壤CH₄累积吸收量降低.轻度盐碱土壤CH₄累积吸收量在2014~2016年3个生长季（4~10月）分别为150.0、119.6和99.9 mg·m^-2;重度盐碱土壤CH₄累积吸收量比轻度盐碱土壤分别降低27%、28%和19%;盐化土壤CH₄累积吸收量比轻度盐碱土壤分别降低35%、35%和53%.冗余分析表明,盐碱土壤CH₄吸收通量与土壤EC的投影在第一主成分轴正方向和反方向,土壤EC越高,CH₄吸收通量越低.土壤电导率EC是调控盐碱土壤CH₄吸收的关键因子,相关系数r为-0.8809（P<0.01,n=9）.     

生物-电协同驱动型同步脱氮除硫工艺性能及功能菌群分析

同步脱氮除硫燃料电池可同时去除氮硫污染物并产生电能,其同步脱氮除硫功能受到生物驱动和电能驱动的双重作用.为探究该新型工艺中生物驱动和电能驱动的贡献,分别构建了电能驱动型、生物驱动型和生物-电驱动型同步脱氮除硫系统,并考察了其基质去除性能、产物类型分布和电能产生情况.结果表明,生物驱动型和生物-电驱动型系统皆具有良好的同步脱氮除硫功能,而电能驱动系统仅具有硫氧化功能.通过衡算不同驱动型系统对基质去除的贡献率以及对产物产生的贡献比,发现在生物-电驱动系统中,电能驱动和生物驱动在硝酸盐还原,硫酸盐和氮气的生成以及电量产生方面皆具有协同效应.并通过高通量测序分别从门和属分类水平对生物驱动系统和生物-电驱动系统阳极室内污泥细菌群落进行分析,相对丰度较高的菌门都是Proteobacteria和Bacteroidetes,而生物驱动系统的优势菌属为Halothiobacillus和Thauera,生物-电驱动系统的优势菌属为Marinilabiaceae和Rhodanobacter.     

BVR多芯铜导线过电流故障下燃烧及火焰传播研究*

为深入研究BVR多芯铜导线过电流故障下燃烧及火焰传播特征,采用堆栈技术分析导线受热形变,并利用高速摄像机记录故障导线发热、熔断及绝缘燃烧现象,研究导线发热形变、熔断时间及燃烧时火焰传播速度与电流值变化关系。结果表明:当I=136 A时,导线不发生熔断,只有当高温线芯直接接触周围可燃物才可引发火灾;当I=153 A时,导线会发生熔断现象,且熔断时间随过电流值升高而缩短;当I=204 A时,导线发生熔断,断路电弧引燃周围热解气体,火焰前沿迅速蔓延至导线两端,平均火焰前沿传播速度达2.2 m/s,平均明火持续时间达8.2 s,整根导线无需外界可燃物即可发生明火燃烧。研究结果可为起火原因认定提供技术指导。     

Comparison of properties of traditional and accelerated carbonated solidified/stabilized contaminated soils

The investigation of the long-term performance of solidified/stabilized (S/S) contaminated soils was carried out in a trial site in southeast UK. The soils were exposed to the maximum natural weathering for four years and sampled at various depths in a controlled manner. The chemical properties (e. g. , degree of carbonation (DOC), pH, electrical conductivity (EC)) and physical properties (e. g. , moisture content (MC), liquid limit (LL), plastic limit (PL), plasticity index (PI)) of the samples untreated and treated with the traditional and accelerated carbonated S/S processes were analyzed. Their variations on the depths of the soils were also studied. The result showed that the broad geotechnical properties of the soils, manifested in their PIs, were related to the concentration of the water soluble ions and in particular the free calcium ions. The samples treated with the accelerated carbonation technology (ACT), and the untreated samples contained limited number of free calcium ions in solutions and consequently interacted with waters in a similar way. Compared with the traditional cement-based S/S technology, e. g. , treatment with ordinary portland cement (OPC) or EnvirOceM, ACT caused the increase of the PI of the treated soil and made it more stable during long-term weathering. The PI values for the four soils ascended according to the order: the EnvirOceM soil, the OPC soil, the ACT soil, and the untreated soil while their pH and EC values descended according to the same order.     

Lean framework for planning redesign proposals to optimise EOL environmental behaviour in WEEE products

The aim of this research was to define a sequence of actions to guide redesign propositions for electrical and electronic equipment products, which minimise negative consequences to the environment after the end of their useful life. Current practices mainly encourage the examination of individual problems as disassembly process and identification of suitable product end-of-life (EOL) treatment strategies. There also exist previous studies that try to incorporate EOL concerns in product design phase. In most cases, the main problem is the limited available EOL information because of its delayed retrieval. The proposed method focuses primarily on minimising this problem. The steps of the analysis performed include the selection of the optimal EOL treatment strategy and, afterwards, the evaluation of its results concerning the environment. In parallel, product design characteristics are grouped and examined concerning their expected significance for the environment in the EOL stage. The results from the previous stages are combined and product improvement actions are proposed for further examination in the redesign stage. The general framework used to conduct all these actions is lean thinking methodology. In the end, results concerning the application of the proposed method on a distribution transformer are presented.     

电气安全评价探讨

电气安全是生产安全的重要组成部分,也是工程建设项目“三同时”安全验收评价的尊差内容。作者根据多年从事电气安全评价的实践,从电气安全评价的前期准备、现场检查、评价分析和应予关注的问题等诸多方面进行了阐述,是对电气安全评价实际工作的经验总结。     

基于深度卷积神经网络的场地污染非线性反演方法

提出了将Sobel边缘检测算子与深度卷积神经网络（CNN）算法结合的方法（E-ConvNet）,用于污染场地的ERT反演过程.通过Sobel算子提取污染区域视电阻率数据的边缘特征作为CNN的先验信息,提高E-ConvNet的计算效率及识别精度.在5种理论模型（单异常体、双异常体及含双异常体的层状结构）和现场实例上测试了E-ConvNet算法的性能,并与最小二乘算法（LS）比较.测试结果表明：E-ConvNet能够准确识别污染处的面积、位置及阻值,其识别精度和计算效率均优于LS.E-ConvNet的单异常识别准确率为81.8%~84.9%,而LS则仅为9.6%~36.2%;多异常识别准确率为68.6%~84.4%,LS仅为2.8%~27.6%;E-ConvNet用时约为112~190ms,LS耗时为6000~7000ms.因此,在污染场地调查工作中,E-ConvNet能够准确高效地反演出污染区域的位置及范围,为开展后续评估/修复工作提供技术支持.